Biblia la Babla Ðekae

LE BIBLIA ƒe nuŋlɔɖia gbugbɔgaŋlɔ me la, Kristotɔ gbãtɔwo koŋue nye amesiwo zã blemasinuŋɔŋlɔgbalẽ si woyɔna be codex gbã—si nye agbalẽ, ke menye agbalẽxatsaxatsa o. Gake Kristotɔawo medze Biblia ƒe agbalẽawo katã nuƒoƒoƒu be wòanye agbalẽ ɖeka gɔme enumake o. Flavius Cassiodorus ye dze afɔ vevi aɖe si ana woaƒo Biblia-gbalẽwo nu ƒu aŋlɔ wòanye agbalẽ ɖeka la ɖeɖe gɔme le ƒe alafa adelia me, esi nye nusi wɔwɔ va bɔ fifia.

Wodzi Flavius Magnus Aurelius Cassiodorus ɖe ƒome aɖe si si alɔme le la me le ƒe 485-490 M.Ŋ. me lɔƒo le Calabria si le egbegbe Italy ƒe anyiehegome ʋĩ. Enɔ agbe le ŋutinya ƒe ɣeyiɣi si me zitɔtɔ nɔ Italy, esime Gothtɔwo xɔ woƒe ƒukpo afã la gbã eye emegbe Byzantiumtɔwo hã va xɔe la me. Esi Cassiodorus xɔ abe ƒe 60 alo 70 ene la, etu Vivarium saɖagaxɔ kple agbalẽdzraɖoƒe si te ɖe eƒe aƒe ŋu le Squillace, Calabria.

Biblia Me Tola Ðɔŋuɖo Aɖe

Biblia ƒe amesiame si susue nye nusiwo ŋu Cassiodorus tsi dzi ɖo vevie dometɔ ɖeka. Ŋutinyaŋlɔla Peter Brown ŋlɔe be: “Le Cassiodorus ƒe nukpɔsusu nu la, ele be woazã Latingbe nyanya ƒe akpa sia akpa atsɔ akaka Ŋɔŋlɔawo ne woasu amesiame si. Ele be woazã kpekpeɖeŋunu siwo dzi woto va yi tsɔ srɔ̃ blemagbalẽwo alo gbugbɔ wo ŋlɔ la katã be woatsɔ ase Ŋɔŋlɔawo gɔme eye woagbugbɔ wo aŋlɔ wo me nakɔ. Ele be woazã Latingbea ŋuti nunya ɖesiaɖe be wòanɔ xlã ƒom Mawu ƒe Nya la si le abe ɣe gã aɖe ene, abe ɣletinyigbawo ƒe xlãƒoƒo ɣea ƒe ɖoɖo yeye aɖee wowɔ ene.”

Cassiodorus ƒo gbegɔmeɖelawo kple gbeŋutisenyalawo nu ƒu ɖe Vivarium saɖagaƒeme hena ŋkuléle ɖe Biblia bliboa ŋu tsitotsito kple eƒe agbalẽawo nuƒoƒoƒu agbugbɔ aŋlɔ wòanye agbalẽ ɖeka eye eya ŋutɔ nɔ zi me na ŋɔŋlɔawo me toto dɔ si wòtsɔ beléle blibo wɔe. Agbalẽnyala ʋɛ aɖewo ko sie wòtsɔ dɔ sia dee. Mele be woatsɔ dzitsitsi atrɔ nusiwo wosusu be enye egbugbɔŋlɔlawo ƒe vodada kple susu be eɖɔm ɖo yewole o. Ne nya aɖe ku ɖe gbeŋutise ŋu la, ele be woabu Biblia ƒe blemasinuŋɔŋlɔgbalẽwo be wokpɔ ŋusẽ wu Latingbe me tɔ siwo dzi woda asi ɖo ɣemaɣi. Cassiodorus gblɔ be: “Ele be woana alesi wozã . . . gbeŋutisea le emee nanɔ nenema, elabena nusi mele eteƒe o mate ŋu age ɖe nuŋɔŋlɔ si wonya be etso gbɔgbɔ me la me o. . . . Ele be woana mɔ siwo nu wogblɔ nyawo ɖo le Biblia me, eƒe kpɔɖeŋunyagbɔgblɔwo, kple adaganawo nanɔ nenema wo matrɔmatrɔe, ne woto vovo na Latingbe me tɔwo sasasã hã, eye nenema ke nye ‘Hebrigbe’ me nuŋkɔ akuakuawo hã.”—The Cambridge History of the Bible.

Grandior Blemasinuŋɔŋlɔgbalẽ La

Wode dɔ asi na Vivarium saɖagaƒea me nugbugbɔgaŋlɔlawo be woagbugbɔ Biblia ƒe tata ƒomevi etɔ̃ ya teti aŋlɔ ɖe Latingbe me. Anye Blema Latingbe me asinuŋɔŋlɔ, si nye gɔmeɖeɖe si wowɔ le ƒe alafa evelia ƒe nuwuwu lɔƒo lae nɔ akpa gbãtɔ si me babla asieke nɔ la me. Latingbe me Vulgate si nu Jerome wu le ƒe alafa atɔ̃lia ƒe gɔmedzedze lɔƒo lae nɔ tata evelia me. Woɖe akpa etɔ̃lia si nye Grandior Blemasinuŋɔŋlɔgbalẽ, si gɔmee enye “blemasinuŋɔŋlɔgbalẽ gã” la, tso Biblia-gɔmeɖeɖe etɔ̃ me. Woƒo Biblia ƒe agbalẽwo katã nu ƒu wonye babla ɖeka le tata eve mamlɛ siawo me.

 Edze abe Cassiodorus ye nye ame gbãtɔ si ta Latingbe me Bibliawo wonye babla ɖeka ene, eye wòtsɔ ŋkɔ pandectae na wo. * Ðikekemanɔmee la, enya be ede ame dzi ale gbegbe be woabla Biblia ƒe agbalẽwo katã wòanye agbalẽ ɖeka, ana ɣeyiɣi gbogbo si wòxɔna hafi woadi nya le babla gbogbo siwo li me la natɔ.

Tso Anyiehe Italy Va Ðo Britain Ƒukpowo Dzi

Le Cassiodorus ƒe ku megbe teti (si anye le ƒe 583 M.Ŋ. lɔƒo) la, Grandior Blemasinuŋɔŋlɔgbalẽa dze kaka gɔme. Wosusui be ɣemaɣi woɖe Vivarium ƒe agbalẽdzraɖoƒea me gbalẽ aɖewo yi Lateran gbalẽdzraɖoƒe si nɔ Roma. Le ƒe 678 M.Ŋ. me la, Anglo-Saxon saɖagaxɔnunɔla Ceolfrith ye tsɔ asinuŋɔŋlɔa va Britain Ƒukpowo dzii esime wòtrɔ gbɔna tso Roma. Alea wòwɔ blemasinuŋɔŋlɔgbalẽ sia va ge ɖe saɖagaƒe eve siwo le Wearmouth kple Jarrow la me, siwo nu Ceolfrith nɔ le afisi nye Northumbria, England, egbea.

Cassiodorus ƒe Biblia si wobla ɖekae la anya dzɔ dzi na Ceolfrith kple eƒe saɖagaxɔmenɔlawo le esi ezazã le bɔbɔe ta. Eyata le ƒe bla nanewo megbe la, woɖe Biblia blibo vovovo etɔ̃ si wobla ɖekae la ɖe go. Esi gakpɔtɔ li la koe nye agbalẽ gã si woyɔna be Amiatinus Blemasinuŋɔŋlɔgbalẽ. Axa 2,060 ye le agbalẽ sia si woŋlɔ ɖe nyigbalẽ zɔzrɔ̃e dzi eye eƒe axa ɖesiaɖe didi sentimeta 51 eye wòkeke sentimeta 33. Agbalẽ bliboa kple eƒe akpa ƒe titrime nye sentimeta 25 eye eƒe kpekpeme nye kilogram 34. Eya koe nye Latingbe me Biblia siwo woŋlɔ wònye agbalẽ babla ɖeka siwo gakpɔtɔ li ƒe xoxotɔ kekeake. Ƒe alafa 19 lia me Biblia-ŋutinunyala xɔŋkɔ Fenton J. A. Hort de dzesi blemasinuŋɔŋlɔgbalẽa le ƒe 1887 me. Hort gblɔ be: “Dɔ si [blemasinuŋɔŋlɔgbalẽ] sia si ŋu wolé fɔ ɖo ŋlɔ wɔ ɖe egbegbetɔwo gɔ̃ hã dzi la kple nukunu dome medidi o.”

Wogbugbɔe Yi Italy

Grandior Blemasinuŋɔŋlɔgbalẽ gbãtɔ si Cassiodorus na woŋlɔ la bu. Gake esi woŋlɔ ɖe eyome, si nye Anglo-Saxon Amiatinus Blemasinuŋɔŋlɔgbalẽ ya va ɖo Italy le enuwuwu vɔ megbe teti ko. Ɣeyiɣi kpui aɖe do ŋgɔ na Ceolfrith ƒe ku la, eɖoe be yeatrɔ ayi Roma. Etsɔ eƒe Latingbe me asinuŋɔŋlɔ Biblia etɔ̃awo dometɔ ɖeka ɖe asi be yeayi aɖana Papa Gregory II. Ceolfrith ku le mɔa dzi le ƒe 716 M.Ŋ. me, le Langres si le France. Gake eƒe mɔzɔhatiwo tsɔ eƒe Biblia la heyi mɔzɔzɔa dzi. Mlɔeba la wotsɔ eƒe blemasinuŋɔŋlɔgbalẽ la va da ɖe Amiata-to ƒe saɖagaxɔ me gbalẽdzraɖoƒe, le titina Italy afisi wotsɔ ŋkɔ nɛ le be Amiatinus Blemasinuŋɔŋlɔgbalẽ. Le ƒe 1782 me la, wotsɔ asinuŋɔŋlɔgbalẽ sia yi ɖe Medicean-Laurentian ƒe Agbalẽdzraɖoƒe le Florence, Italy, afisi wòva zu agbalẽdzraɖoƒe sia ƒe kesinɔnu vevitɔ kekeake le.

Vi kae Grandior Blemasinuŋɔŋlɔgbalẽ la ɖe na mí? Tso Cassiodorus ŋɔli ke la, nugbugbɔŋlɔlawo kple agbalẽtalawo dina be yewoata Biblia si woabla ɖekae la wu. Vaseɖe egbea la, Biblia tata ɖe nɔnɔme sia me nana be nyadidi le eme nɔa bɔbɔe na amewo ale be ŋusẽ si wòkpɔna ɖe woƒe agbe dzi naɖe vi na wo.—Hebritɔwo 4:12.

[Etenuŋɔŋlɔ]

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(Edze nyuie le agbalẽa ŋutɔ me)

Grandior Codex ƒe mɔzɔzɔ

Vivarium saɖagaxɔ

Roma

Jarrow

Wearmouth

Amiatinus Codex ƒe mɔzɔzɔ

Jarrow

Wearmouth

Amiata-to

Florence

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[Nɔnɔmetata siwo le axa 30]

Etame: Amiatinus “Codex” Miame: Wota Ezra ɖe Amiatinus “Codex” me

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Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana, Firenze