Ènya Nu tso Safan Kple Eƒe Ƒomea ŋu Nyuiea?

ESI nèle Biblia xlẽm la, ède dzesi nya siwo wogblɔ le Safan kple eƒe ƒome xɔŋkɔa me tɔ aɖewo ŋua? Amekawoe wonye? Nukae wowɔ? Nukawoe míate ŋu asrɔ̃ tso wo gbɔ?

Biblia ƒo nu tso “Mesulam vi Azalya ƒe vi Safan” ŋu na mí tsɔ tɔ ɖe Yosiya ƒe tadedeagu vavã gbugbɔgaɖo anyi le ƒe 642 D.M.Ŋ. me lɔƒo ŋu. (Fiawo II, 22:3) Le ƒe 36 siwo kplɔe ɖo, va ɖo Yerusalem ƒe tsɔtsrɔ̃ le ƒe 607 D.M.Ŋ. me la, woƒo nu tso via ene siwo nye Axikam, Eleasa, Gemarya, Yaasanya, kple tɔgbuiyɔvi eve siwo nye Mixaya kple Gedalya ŋu na mí. (Kpɔ Nyaɖoɖoa.) Encyclopaedia Judaica ɖe nu me be: “Safan ƒomea kpɔ ŋusẽ le [Yuda fiaɖuƒea] ƒe dziɖuɖu me eye wonye fia ƒe agbalẽŋlɔlawo tso Yosiya ŋɔli vaseɖe esime woɖe aboyo wo.” Nusi Biblia gblɔ tso Safan kple eƒe ƒomea ŋu me dzodzro akpe ɖe mía ŋu be míakpɔ alesi wokpe asi ɖe nyagblɔɖila Yeremya kple Yehowa ƒe tadedeagu vavãtɔ ŋui.

Safan Kpe Asi Ðe Tadedeagu Vavãtɔ Ŋu

Le ƒe 642 D.M.Ŋ. me, esime Fia Yosiya xɔ ƒe 25 lɔƒo la, míekpɔe be Safan nye fiaa ƒe agbalẽŋlɔla. (Yeremya 36:10) Nukae ema lɔ ɖe eme? Numekugbalẽ si míeyɔ ɖe etame la gblɔ be fia ƒe senyala kple agbalẽŋlɔla enye amesi koŋ ɖoa aɖaŋu na fiaa, kpɔa ganyawo gbɔ, bi ɖe dukɔwo dome kadonyawo me, henya nu tso dutanyawo, dukɔwo dome sewo, kple asitsatsa kadodowo ŋu. Le esia ta, Safan si nye fia ƒe agbalẽŋlɔla la nye ameŋkuta veviwo dometɔ ɖeka le fiaɖuƒea me.

Ƒe ewo do ŋgɔ la, ɖekakpui Yosiya si nye ɖevi la ‘de asi fofoa Dawid ƒe Mawu la didi me.’ Edze ƒã be Safan tsi wu Yosiya sãa eye le ema ta ate ŋu anye aɖaŋuɖola nyui nɛ tso gbɔgbɔmenuwo ŋu eye wòakpe asi ɖe dɔ vevi gbãtɔ si Yosiya di be yeawɔ si nye tadedeagu vavãtɔ gbugbɔgaɖoanyi la ŋu. *—Kronika II, 34:1-8.

Le gbedoxɔa gbugbɔdzraɖodɔa wɔɣi la, wofɔ “segbalẽa” eye Safan “xlẽe na fia la.” Dzidzi ƒo Yosiya esime wòse emenyawo eye wòdɔ amesiwo dzi wòka ɖo ɖo ɖe nyɔnunyagblɔɖila Xulda be woaɖabia agbalẽa ŋu nya Yehowa. Fia la ɖee fia be yeka ɖe Safan kple via Axikam dzi to wo kpekpe ɖe amedɔdɔawo ŋu me.—Fiawo II, 22:8-14; Kronika II, 34:14-22.

Esia koe nye nusi Ŋɔŋlɔawo gblɔ be Safan ŋutɔ wɔ. Le Biblia kpukpui bubuwo me la, ɖeko woyɔnɛ be fofo alo tɔgbui. Safan ƒe dzidzimeviwo va te ɖe nyagblɔɖila Yeremya ŋu kplikplikpli.

Axikam Kple Gedalya

Abe alesi míede dzesii xoxo ene la, woƒo nu tso Safan vi Axikam ŋu gbã le amesiwo  wodɔ ɖo ɖe nyɔnunyagblɔɖila Xulda gbɔ me. Numekugbalẽa gblɔ be: “Togbɔ be womeyɔ ɖoƒe si nɔ Axikam si le Hebri Biblia me o hã la, edze ƒã be enɔ ɖoƒe kɔkɔ aɖe.”

Anɔ ƒe 15 lɔƒo le nudzɔdzɔ ma megbe la, Yeremya ƒe agbe ɖo afɔku me. Esime wòxlɔ̃ nu dukɔa le tame si Yehowa ɖo be yeatsrɔ̃ Yerusalem ŋu la, “nunɔlawo kple nyagblɔɖilawo kpakple dukɔ blibo la lée gblɔ bena: Àku kokoko!” Emegbe nukae dzɔ? Nuŋlɔɖia yi edzi be: “Axikam, Safan vi, kpe ɖe Yeremya ŋu, eye metsɔe de asi na dukɔ la, be wòawu o.” (Yeremya 26:1-24) Nukae esia fia? The Anchor Bible Dictionary gblɔ be: “Menye ɖeko nudzɔdzɔ sia ɖo kpe ŋusẽ si nɔ Axikam si la dzi o, ke boŋ eɖee fia hã be susu nyui nɔ eya, kple Safan ƒomea me tɔ bubuwo si ɖe Yeremya ŋu.”

Ƒe 20 lɔƒo megbe, esime Babilontɔwo tsrɔ̃ Yerusalem le ƒe 607 D.M.Ŋ. me heɖe ame akpa gãtɔ aboyoe megbe la, wotia Safan tɔgbuiyɔvi Gedalya, si nye Axikam vi, be wòaɖu Yudatɔ susuɔeawo dzi. Ðe wòtsɔ ɖe le Yeremya me abe alesi Safan ƒomea me tɔ bubuwo wɔe enea? Biblia ƒe nuŋlɔɖiwo xlẽ be: “Ale Yeremya va Gedalya, Axikam vi la gbɔ le Mizpa, eye wònɔ [egbɔ].” Le ɣleti ʋɛ aɖewo me la, wowu Gedalya, eye Yudatɔ susɔeawo kplɔ Yeremya ɖe asi esime woʋu yi Egipte.—Yeremya 40:5-7; 41:1, 2; 43:4-7.

Gemarya Kple Mixaya

Safan vi Gemarya kple tɔgbuiayɔvi Mixaya wɔ akpa vevi aɖe le nudzɔdzɔ siwo ŋu woƒo nu tsoe le Yeremya ta 36 me. Anye le ƒe 624 D.M.Ŋ. me, le Fia Yoyakim ƒe ƒe atɔ̃lia me, lɔƒoe. Barux si nye Yeremya ƒe agbalẽŋlɔla, xlẽ Yeremya ƒe nyawo le agbalẽ la me wose le Yehowa ƒe aƒeme, ‘le Gemarya, Safan vi ƒe nuɖuxɔ me.’ Esia wɔe be “Safan vi Gemarya ƒe vi Mixaya se Yehowa ƒe nyawo katã tso agbalẽ la me.”—Yeremya 36:9-11.

Mixaya gblɔ agbalẽxatsaxatsaa ŋu nya na fofoa kple fiavi bubuawo katã, eye wo katã di be yewoase eme nyawo. Aleke wowɔ nu ɖe eŋui? “Esi wose nya siawo katã la, dzidzi ƒo wo, wode asi wo nɔewo ƒe ŋku me kpɔkpɔ me, eye wogblɔ na Barux bena: Míɖato nya siawo katã na fia la kokoko.” Gake hafi woagblɔ nyaa na fia la, woɖo aɖaŋu na Barux be: “Yi, ne mia kple Yeremya miaɣla mia ɖokui, be ame aɖeke maganya afisi miele o.”—Yeremya 36:12-19.

Abe alesi wokpɔ mɔe ene la, fia la gbe gbedasi si le agbalẽxatsaxatsaa me la eye wòfifli kakɛkakɛ de dzo me. Fiavi aɖewo, tsɔ kpe ɖe  Safan vi Gemarya ŋu, ‘ɖe kuku na fia la be, magatɔ dzo agbalẽa o, gake meɖo to wo o.’ (Yeremya 36:21-25) Agbalẽ si nye Jeremiah—An Archaeological Companion ƒo nya ta be: “Gemarya nye kpekpeɖeŋunala vevi aɖe na Yeremya le Fia Yoyakim ƒe fiasã me.”

Eleasa Kple Yaasanya

Le ƒe 617 D.M.Ŋ. me la, Babilon va nɔ Yuda-fiaɖuƒea dzi ɖum. Woɖe aboyo Yudatɔ akpe geɖe, “amegãwo katã kpakple aʋawɔlawo katã, atikpalawo katã kple nutulawo” tsɔ kpe ɖe nyagblɔɖila Xezekiel ŋu. Matanya, amesi Babilontɔwo trɔ ŋkɔ na be Zedekiya, va zu fia ɖe aboyomeawo dzi. (Fiawo II, 24:12-17) Emegbe Zedekiya dɔ amesiwo dome Safan vi Eleasa nɔ la ɖo ɖe Babilon. Yeremya tsɔ lɛta aɖe si me Yehowa ƒe gbedasi vevi aɖe nɔ na Yudatɔ siwo le aboyo me la na Eleasa.—Yeremya 29:1-3.

Biblia me nuŋlɔɖia ɖee fia be Safan, viaŋutsu etɔ̃, kple tɔgbuiayɔvi eve zã woƒe ŋusẽnɔƒea tsɔ do alɔ tadedeagu vavãa kple nyagblɔɖila wɔnuteƒe Yeremya. Ke Safan ƒe viŋutsu Yaasanya ya ɖe? To vovo na Safan ƒe ƒomea me tɔ bubuwoa, edze ƒã be eƒo eɖokui ɖe trɔ̃subɔsubɔ me. Le Xezekiel ƒe aboyomenɔnɔ le Babilon ƒe ƒe adelia, alo ƒe 612 D.M.Ŋ. me lɔƒo la, nyagblɔɖila la kpɔ ŋutega aɖe si me ŋutsu 70 do dzudzɔ na legbawo le Yerusalem gbedoxɔa me. Yaasanya, amesi ko ŋkɔ woyɔ la, nɔ wo dome. Esia fia be eƒo eɖokui ɖe nuwɔnaa me vevie le ƒuƒoƒo sia me. (Xezekiel 8:1, 9-12) Yaasanya ƒe kpɔɖeŋua ɖee fia be be woanyi ame le ƒome si sroa Mawu ɖa me menyea kpeɖodzi be ame ava zu Yehowa subɔla wɔnuteƒe o. Amesiame atsɔ eya ŋutɔ ƒe nuwɔnawo ƒe agba.—Korintotɔwo II, 5:10.

Safan Kple Eƒe Ƒomea ƒe Dzidzime

Le ɣeyiɣi si me Safan kple eƒe ƒomea nɔ akpa vevi aɖe wɔm le nudzɔdzɔ siwo yi edzi le Yerusalem me me la, nutrenuwo zazã va bɔ le Yuda. Wozãa nutrenuwo tsɔ ɖia ɖase alo dea asi nuŋlɔɖiwo tee, eye kpe, ga, nyiɖu, alo atukpa xɔasiwoe wotsɔna wɔa woe. Zi geɖe la, woŋlɔa amesi tɔe nutrenua nye ƒe ŋkɔ, fofoa ƒe ŋkɔ kple, ɣeaɖewoɣi la, amesi tɔ wònye la ƒe ɖoƒe ɖe wo dzi.

Wofɔ Hebritɔwo ƒe nutrenu dzi nuŋɔŋlɔ siwo woɖe ɖe anyi dzi la ƒe alafa geɖe.  Nufialagã Nahman Avigad, si nye Hebri nuŋɔŋlɔwo, siwo nye blema nutatawo ŋutinunyala, gblɔ be: “Nutrenuwo dzi nuŋɔŋlɔwo koe nye Hebri nuŋlɔɖi siwo yɔ Biblia me me nyanyɛwo ŋkɔwo.” Ðee woke ɖe Safan alo eƒe ƒomea me tɔwo ƒe nutrenu dzi nuŋɔŋlɔ aɖe ŋua? Ẽ, Safan kple viaŋutsu Gemarya ƒe ŋkɔwo dze le nutrenu siwo dze le axa 19 kple 21 la dzi.

Agbalẽnyalawo hã gblɔ be anɔ eme be woŋlɔ ƒomea me tɔ ene bubuwo ƒe ŋkɔ ɖe nutrenuwo dzi—Azalya, Safan fofo; Axikam, Safan viŋutsu; Gemarya, Safan viŋutsu; kple Gedalya, amesi woyɔ le kpedzinuŋɔŋlɔa me be “Aƒeatɔ” wòdze ƒã. Wobui be nutrenu siawo ƒe enelia nye Gedalya, si nye Safan ƒe tɔgbuiyɔvi la tɔ, togbɔ be womeyɔ fofoa, Axikam, ŋkɔ o hã. Eƒe dzesideŋkɔ si le nutrenu dzi nuŋɔŋlɔa dzi ɖee fia be enye dziɖuɖumegãwo dometɔ ɖeka le dukɔa me.

Nukae Míate Ŋu Asrɔ̃?

Kpɔɖeŋu nyui kae nye si Safan kple eƒe ƒomea ɖo le ɖoƒe kɔkɔ si wonɔ la zazã atsɔ ado alɔ tadedeagu vavã kple nuteƒewɔla Yeremya siaa me! Míawo hã míate ŋu azã míaƒe nunɔamesiwo kple ɖoƒe atsɔ ado alɔ Yehowa ƒe habɔbɔa kple mía hati tadeagulawo.

Enye nusi ʋãa ame hedoa ŋusẽ ame ƒe xɔse menye be míaxlẽ Biblia edziedzi ko o ke boŋ be míaku eme hã ahanya Yehowa ƒe ɖasefo siwo nɔ anyi le blema abe Safan kple eƒe ƒomea me tɔwo ene la nyuie. Woawo hã kpe ɖe “ɖaseɖilawo ƒe alilikpo gã” siwo ƒe kpɔɖeŋuwo míate ŋu asrɔ̃ la ŋu.—Hebritɔwo 12:1.

[Etenuŋɔŋlɔ]

[Aɖaka si le axa 22]

Xulda—Nyɔnunyagblɔɖila Ŋusẽtɔ Aɖe

Esi Fia Yosiya nya se nusiwo woxlẽ le “segbalẽa” si wofɔ le gbedoxɔa me ko la, edɔ Safan kple dziɖuɖumegã ene bubu be ‘woaɖabia agbalẽa ŋu nya Yehowa ase.’ (Fiawo II, 22:8-20) Afikae amedɔdɔawo akpɔ ŋuɖoɖoa le? Yeremya kple ɖewohĩ Naxum kple Zefanya, siwo katã nye nyagblɔɖilawo kple Biblia ŋlɔlawo la, nɔ Yuda ɣemaɣi. Gake amedɔdɔawo yi ɖe nyɔnunyagblɔɖila Xulda gbɔ.

Agbalẽ si nye Jerusalem—An Archaeological Biography gblɔ be: “Nusi ɖe dzesi le nudzɔdzɔ sia ŋu enye be wometsi dzi ɖe ŋutsu kple nyɔnu nyenye ŋu le ŋutinyaa ƒe akpa sia o. Ame aɖeke mebui le mɔ aɖeke nu be mesɔ be ŋutsu siwo katã wotia la tsɔ Sea ƒe Agbalẽxatsaxatsaa yi nyɔnu gbɔe be wòagblɔ nusi wòfia o. Esi wògblɔ be Aƒetɔ la ƒe gbee la, ame aɖeke metɔ gbe ŋusẽ si wòkpɔ awɔe o. Zi geɖe la, agbalẽnyala siwo léa ŋku ɖe akpa si nyɔnuwo wɔ le blema Israel ŋu la ŋea aɖaba ƒua nudzɔdzɔ sia dzi.” Le nyateƒe me la, Yehowa gbɔe gbedasi si woxɔ la tso.

[Diagram/Picture on page 21]

(Edze nyuie le agbalẽa ŋutɔ me)

Safan Ƒomea ƒe Dzidzime

Mesulam

↓

Azalya

↓

Safan

↓ ↓ ↓ ↓

Axikam Eleasa Gemarya Yaasanya

↓ ↓

Gedalya Mixaya

[Nɔnɔmetata si le axa 20]

Gemarya kple ame bubuwo ɖe kuku na Yoyakim be wòagatɔ dzo agbalẽxatsaxatsa si tso Yeremya gbɔ la o

[Nɔnɔmetata si le axa 22]

Togbɔ be Yaasanya nye Safan ƒomea me tɔ hã la, wokpɔe le ŋutega me wònɔ ta dem agu na trɔ̃wo

[Nɔnɔmetata Tsoƒe si le axa 19]

Courtesy Israel Antiquities Authority

[Nɔnɔmetata Tsoƒe si le axa 21]

Courtesy Israel Antiquities Authority