References Listed by Chapter
References Listed by Chapter
Chapter 1
Life—How Did It Start?
1. Cosmos, by Carl Sagan, 1980, p. 328.
2. Ibid., p. 231.
3. The Origin of Species, by Charles Darwin, Mentor edition, 1958, p. 450.
Chapter 2
Disagreements About Evolution—Why?
1. Discover, “The Tortoise or the Hare?” by James Gorman, October 1980, p. 88.
2. The Neck of the Giraffe, by Francis Hitching, 1982, p. 12.
3. The Enterprise, Riverside, California, “Macroevolution Theory Stirs Hottest Debate Since Darwin,” by Boyce Rensberger, November 14, 1980, p. E9; Science, “Evolutionary Theory Under Fire,” by Roger Lewin, November 21, 1980, pp. 883-887.
4. Natural History, “Evolutionary Housecleaning,” by Niles Eldredge, February 1982, pp. 78, 81.
5. The Star, Johannesburg, “The Evolution of a Theory,” by Christopher Booker, April 20, 1982, p. 19.
6. The Neck of the Giraffe, pp. 7, 8.
7. New Scientist, “Darwin’s Theory: An Exercise in Science,” by Michael Ruse, June 25, 1981, p. 828.
8. The Enchanted Loom: Mind in the Universe, by Robert Jastrow, 1981, p. 19.
9. The Origin of Species, by Charles Darwin, 1902 edition, Part One, p. 250.
10. The Enchanted Loom, p. 96.
11. Ibid., pp. 98, 100.
12. Field Museum of Natural History Bulletin, Chicago, “Conflicts Between Darwin and Paleontology,” by David M. Raup, January 1979, pp. 22, 23, 25.
13. The New Evolutionary Timetable, by Steven M. Stanley, 1981, pp. 71, 77.
14. The Enterprise, November 14, 1980, p. E9.
15. Science Digest, “Miracle Mutations,” by John Gliedman, February 1982, p. 92.
16. The World Book Encyclopedia, 1982, Vol. 6, p. 335.
17. The New York Times, “Theory of Rapid Evolution Attacked,” by Bayard Webster, July 9, 1981, p. B11.
18. Harper’s, “Darwin’s Mistake,” by Tom Bethell, February 1976, pp. 72, 75.
19. The Neck of the Giraffe, pp. 103, 107, 108, 117.
20. The Guardian, London, “Beginning to Have Doubts,” by John Durant, December 4, 1980, p. 15.
a. The Origin of Species, introduction by W. R. Thompson, 1956 edition, p. xxii.
b. The New York Times, “Computer Scientists Stymied in Their Quest to Match Human Vision,” by William J. Broad, September 25, 1984, p. C1.
c. Field Museum of Natural History Bulletin, January 1979, p. 25.
Chapter 3
What Does Genesis Say?
1. Old Testament Word Studies, by William Wilson, 1978, p. 109.
2. Putnam’s Geology, by Edwin E. Larson and Peter W. Birkeland, 1982, p. 66.
3. The Illustrated Bible Dictionary, Tyndale House Publishers, 1980, Part 1, p. 335.
4. Aid to Bible Understanding, published by the Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc., 1971, p. 393.
a. Ibid., pp. 392, 393.
b. The Lamp, “The Worlds of Wallace Pratt,” by W. L. Copithorne, Fall 1971, p. 14.
Chapter 4
Could Life Originate by Chance?
1. The Origin of Species, by Charles Darwin, Mentor edition, 1958, p. 450.
2. The Selfish Gene, by Richard Dawkins, 1976, p. 16.
3. Ibid., p. ix.
4. The Neck of the Giraffe, by Francis Hitching, 1982, p. 68.
5. Evolution From Space, by Fred Hoyle and Chandra Wickramasinghe, 1981, p. 8.
6. The Origins of Life on the Earth, by Stanley L. Miller and Leslie E. Orgel, 1974, p. 33.
7. The Neck of the Giraffe, p. 65.
8. Ibid.
9. Ibid.
10. Scientific American, “Chemical Evolution and the Origin of Life,” by Richard E. Dickerson, September 1978, p. 75.
11. Scientific American, “The Origin of Life,” by George Wald, August 1954, pp. 49, 50.
12. The Origin of Life, by John D. Bernal, 1967, p. 144.
13. Evolution From Space, p. 24.
14. New Scientist, “Darwinism at the Very Beginning of Life,” by Leslie Orgel, April 15, 1982, p. 151.
15. Evolution From Space, p. 27.
16. The Neck of the Giraffe, p. 66.
17. Scientific American, September 1978, p. 73.
18. The Sciences, “The Creationist Revival,” by Joel Gurin, April 1981, p. 17.
19. Scientific American, September 1978, p. 85.
20. New Scientist, April 15, 1982, p. 151.
21. Life Itself, Its Origin and Nature, by Francis Crick, 1981, p. 71.
22. The Plants, by Frits W. Went, 1963, p. 60.
23. Evolution From Space, pp. 30, 31.
24. Ibid., p. 130.
25. The Selfish Gene, p. 14.
26. Evolution From Space, p. 31.
27. Scientific American, August 1954, p. 46.
28. The Immense Journey, by Loren Eiseley, 1957, p. 200.
29. Ibid., p. 199.
30. Physics Bulletin, “A Physicist Looks at Evolution,” by H. S. Lipson, 1980, Vol. 31, p. 138.
31. Daily Express, London, “There Must Be a God,” by Geoffrey Levy, August 14, 1981, p. 28.
32. The Enchanted Loom: Mind in the Universe, by Robert Jastrow, 1981, p. 19.
a. Life Itself, p. 71.
b. National Geographic, “The Awesome Worlds Within a Cell,” by Rick Gore, September 1976, pp. 357, 358, 360.
c. Newsweek, “The Secrets of the Human Cell,” by Peter Gwynne, Sharon Begley and Mary Hager, August 20, 1979, p. 48.
d. The Limitations of Science, by J. W. N. Sullivan, 1933, p. 95.
e. Reader’s Digest, January 1963, p. 92.
f. Scientific American, August 1954, p. 46.
g. Life Itself, p. 88.
h. Evolution From Space, p. 24.
Chapter 5
Letting the Fossil Record Speak
1. Processes of Organic Evolution, by G. Ledyard Stebbins, 1971, p. 1.
2. Genetics and the Origin of Species, by Theodosius Dobzhansky, 1951, p. 4.
3. The Origin of Species, by Charles Darwin, 1902 edition, Part Two, p. 54.
4. New Scientist, book review by Tom Kemp of The New Evolutionary Timetable by Steven M. Stanley, February 4, 1982, p. 320.
5. The Origin of Species, Part Two, p. 55.
6. Ibid., p. 83.
7. Ibid., p. 55.
8. Ibid., pp. 83, 88, 91, 92.
9. Ibid., pp. 94, 296.
10. Processes of Organic Evolution, p. 136.
11. New Scientist, January 15, 1981, p. 129.
12. A Guide to Earth History, by Richard Carrington, 1956, p. 48.
13. The New Evolutionary Timetable, by Steven M. Stanley, 1981, p. 6.
14. A View of Life, by Salvador E. Luria, Stephen Jay Gould, Sam Singer, 1981, p. 642.
15. Synthetische Artbildung (The Synthetic Origin of Species), by Heribert Nilsson, 1953, p. 1212.
16. Red Giants and White Dwarfs, by Robert Jastrow, 1979, p. 97.
17. Evolution From Space, by Fred Hoyle and Chandra Wickramasinghe, 1981, p. 8.
18. Red Giants and White Dwarfs, p. 249.
19. The Enchanted Loom: Mind in the Universe, by Robert Jastrow, 1981, p. 23.
20. A View of Life, pp. 638, 649.
21. The Origin of Species, Part Two, p. 90.
22. Natural History, “Darwin and the Fossil Record,” by Alfred S. Romer, October 1959, pp. 466, 467.
23. A View of Life, p. 651.
24. Kentish Times, England, “Scientist Rejects Evolution,” December 11, 1975, p. 4.
25. Liberty, “Evolution or Creation?” by Harold G. Coffin, September/October 1975, p. 12.
26. The New Evolutionary Timetable, p. xv.
27. The New York Times, “Prehistoric Gnat,” October 3, 1982, Section 1, p. 49.
28. The Globe and Mail, Toronto, “That’s Life,” October 5, 1982, p. 6.
29. Discover, “The Tortoise or the Hare?” by James Gorman, October 1980, p. 89.
30. Field Museum of Natural History Bulletin, Chicago, “Conflicts Between Darwin and Paleontology,” by David M. Raup, January 1979, p. 23.
31. New Scientist, February 4, 1982, p. 320.
32. Processes of Organic Evolution, p. 147.
33. The New Evolutionary Timetable, p. 95.
34. Should Evolution Be Taught? by John N. Moore, 1970, pp. 9, 14, 24; New Scientist, “Letters,” September 15, 1983, p. 798.
35. On Growth and Form, by D’Arcy Thompson, 1959, Vol. II, pp. 1093, 1094.
36. The World Book Encyclopedia, 1982, Vol. 6, p. 333.
37. Encyclopædia Britannica, 1976, Macropædia, Vol. 7, p. 13.
38. The Neck of the Giraffe, by Francis Hitching, 1982, p. 31.
39. The New Evolutionary Timetable, pp. 4, 96.
40. Order: In Life, by Edmund Samuel, 1972, p. 120.
41. Liberty, September/October 1975, p. 14.
42. Cosmos, by Carl Sagan, 1980, p. 29.
a. The Enchanted Loom, p. 29.
b. The New Evolutionary Timetable, pp. 4, 5.
c. The World We Live In, by Lincoln Barnett, 1955, p. 93.
d. Red Giants and White Dwarfs, p. 224.
e. Science, February 23, 1973, p. 789.
f. Red Giants and White Dwarfs, p. 249.
g. The Natural History of Palms, by E. J. H. Corner, 1966, p. 254.
h. Encyclopædia Britannica, 1976, Macropædia, Vol. 7, p. 565.
i. The Insects, by Peter Farb, 1962, p. 14.
j. Encyclopædia Britannica, 1976, Macropædia, Vol. 7, p. 567.
k. Marvels & Mysteries of Our Animal World, by The Reader’s Digest Association, 1964, p. 25.
l. The Fishes, by F. D. Ommanney, 1964, p. 64.
m. The Reptiles, by Archie Carr, 1963, p. 37.
n. Ibid., p. 41.
o. The Mammals, by Richard Carrington, 1963, p. 37.
p. Processes of Organic Evolution, p. 146.
q. The World Book Encyclopedia, 1982, Vol. 2, p. 291.
r. The Primates, by Sarel Eimerl and Irven DeVore, 1965, p. 15.
s. Science Digest, “The Water People,” by Lyall Watson, May 1982, p. 44.
t. Science Digest, “Miracle Mutations,” by John Gliedman, February 1982, p. 90.
u. The New Evolutionary Timetable, p. 5.
Chapter 6
Huge Gulfs—Can Evolution Bridge Them?
1. The Neck of the Giraffe, by Francis Hitching, 1982, p. 19.
2. Ibid., p. 20.
3. The Origin of Vertebrates, by N. J. Berrill, 1955, p. 10.
4. The Fishes, by F. D. Ommanney, 1964, p. 65.
5. Life on Earth, by David Attenborough, 1979, p. 137.
6. The Reptiles, by Archie Carr, 1963, p. 36.
7. Ibid., p. 37.
8. Red Giants and White Dwarfs, by Robert Jastrow, 1979, p. 253.
9. Human Destiny, by Lecomte du Noüy, 1947, p. 72.
10. The Birds, by Roger Tory Peterson, 1963, p. 34.
11. Ibid.
12. The Neck of the Giraffe, pp. 34, 35; Science, “Feathers of Archaeopteryx: Asymmetric Vanes Indicate Aerodynamic Function,” by Alan Feduccia and Harrison B. Tordoff, March 9, 1979, pp. 1021, 1022.
13. Evolution, Genetics, and Man, by Theodosius Dobzhansky, 1955, p. 293.
14. Ibid., p. 295.
15. Populations, Species, and Evolution, by Ernst Mayr, 1970, p. 375.
16. The Brain: The Last Frontier, by Richard M. Restak, 1979, p. 162.
17. Evolution From Space, by Fred Hoyle and Chandra Wickramasinghe, 1981, p. 111.
Chapter 7
“Ape-Men”—What Were They?
1. Science 81, “How Ape Became Man,” by Donald C. Johanson and Maitland A. Edey, April 1981, p. 45.
2. Lucy: The Beginnings of Humankind, by Donald C. Johanson and Maitland A. Edey, 1981, p. 31.
3. Boston Magazine, “Stephen Jay Gould: Defending Darwin,” by Carl Oglesby, February 1981, p. 52.
4. Lucy, p. 27.
5. The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, “Fifty Years of Studies on Human Evolution,” by Sherwood Washburn, May 1982, pp. 37, 41.
6. Spectator, The University of Iowa, April 1973, p. 4.
7. New Scientist, “Whatever Happened to Zinjanthropus?” by John Reader, March 26, 1981, p. 802.
8. Origins, by Richard E. Leakey and Roger Lewin, 1977, p. 55.
9. Science, “The Politics of Paleoanthropology,” by Constance Holden, August 14, 1981, p. 737.
10. Newsweek, “Bones and Prima Donnas,” by Peter Gwynne, John Carey and Lea Donosky, February 16, 1981, p. 77.
11. The New York Times, “How Old Is Man?” by Nicholas Wade, October 4, 1982, p. A18.
12. Science Digest, “The Water People,” by Lyall Watson, May 1982, p. 44.
13. The Mismeasure of Man, by Stephen Jay Gould, 1981, p. 324.
14. The Universe Within, by Morton Hunt, 1982, p. 45.
15. Science Digest, “Miracle Mutations,” by John Gliedman, February 1982, p. 91.
16. Newsweek, “Is Man a Subtle Accident?” by Jerry Adler and John Carey, November 3, 1980, p. 95.
17. Science 81, “Human Evolution: Smooth or Jumpy?” September 1981, p. 7.
18. Journal of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh, “Myths and Methods in Anatomy,” by Solly Zuckerman, January 1966, p. 90.
19. National Geographic, “Skull 1470,” by Richard E. Leakey, June 1973, p. 819.
20. The Boston Globe, “He’s Shaking Mankind’s Family Tree,” by Joel N. Shurkin, December 4, 1973, p. 1.
21. The New York Times, October 4, 1982, p. A18.
22. Discover, book review by James Gorman of The Myths of Human Evolution by Niles Eldredge and Ian Tattersall, January 1983, pp. 83, 84.
23. The Biology of Race, by James C. King, 1971, pp. 135, 151.
24. Science Digest, “Anthro Art,” April 1981, p. 41.
25. Lucy, p. 286.
26. New Scientist, book review of Not From the Apes: Man’s Origins and Evolution by Björn Kurtén, August 3, 1972, p. 259.
27. The Neck of the Giraffe, by Francis Hitching, 1982, p. 224.
28. Man, God and Magic, by Ivar Lissner, 1961, p. 304.
29. Missing Links, by John Reader, 1981, pp. 109, 110; Hen’s Teeth and Horse’s Toes, by Stephen Jay Gould, 1983, pp. 201-226.
30. Lucy, p. 315.
31. Origins, p. 40.
32. Time, “Just a Nasty Little Thing,” February 18, 1980, p. 58.
33. The New York Times, “Monkeylike African Primate Called Common Ancestor of Man and Apes,” by Bayard Webster, February 7, 1980, p. A14; “Fossils Bolster a Theory on Man’s Earliest Ancestor,” by Bayard Webster, January 1, 1984, Section 1, p. 16.
34. Origins, p. 52.
35. Ibid., p. 56.
36. Ibid., p. 67.
37. The New York Times, “Time to Revise the Family Tree?” February 14, 1982, p. E7.
38. New Scientist, “Jive Talking,” by John Gribbin, June 24, 1982, p. 873.
39. Natural History, “False Start of the Human Parade,” by Adrienne L. Zihlman and Jerold M. Lowenstein, August/September 1979, p. 86.
40. The Social Contract, by Robert Ardrey, 1970, p. 299.
41. The New York Times, “Bone Traces Man Back 5 Million Years,” by Robert Reinhold, February 19, 1971, p. 1.
42. Man, Time, and Fossils, by Ruth Moore, 1961, pp. 5, 6, 316.
43. The New Evolutionary Timetable, by Steven M. Stanley, 1981, p. 142.
44. Journal of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh, January 1966, p. 93.
45. Beyond the Ivory Tower, by Solly Zuckerman, 1970, p. 90.
46. Lucy, p. 38.
47. Origins, p. 86.
48. The Enchanted Loom: Mind in the Universe, by Robert Jastrow, 1981, p. 114.
49. New Scientist, “Trees Have Made Man Upright,” by Jeremy Cherfas, January 20, 1983, p. 172.
50. Encyclopædia Britannica, 1976, Macropædia, Vol. 8, p. 1032.
51. Ice, by Fred Hoyle, 1981, p. 35.
52. Lucy, p. 29.
53. Popular Science, “How Old Is It?” by Robert Gannon, November 1979, p. 81.
54. Seattle Post-Intelligencer, “Radiocarbon Dating Wrong,” January 18, 1976, p. C8.
55. The Fate of the Earth, by Jonathan Schell, 1982, p. 181.
56. The Last Two Million Years, by The Reader’s Digest Association, 1974, pp. 9, 29.
57. Science, “Radiocarbon Dating,” by W. F. Libby, March 3, 1961, p. 624.
58. Esquire, book review by Malcolm Muggeridge of The Ascent of Man by Jacob Bronowski, July 1974, p. 53.
Chapter 8
Mutations—A Basis for Evolution?
1. The World Book Encyclopedia, 1982, Vol. 13, p. 809.
2. The New Evolutionary Timetable, by Steven M. Stanley, 1981, p. 65.
3. Chromosomes and Genes, by Peo C. Koller, 1971, p. 127.
4. Red Giants and White Dwarfs, by Robert Jastrow, 1979, p. 250.
5. Cosmos, by Carl Sagan, 1980, p. 27.
6. Science Digest, “Miracle Mutations,” by John Gliedman, February 1982, p. 92.
7. Encyclopedia Americana, 1977, Vol. 10, p. 742.
8. Cosmos, p. 31.
9. Chromosomes and Genes, p. 127.
10. Encyclopædia Britannica, 1959, Vol. 22, p. 989.
11. The Toronto Star, “Crusade to Unravel Life’s Sweet Mystery,” by Helen Bullock, December 19, 1981, p. A13.
12. Encyclopedia Americana, 1977, Vol. 10, p. 742.
13. Processes of Organic Evolution, by G. Ledyard Stebbins, 1971, pp. 24, 25.
14. The Wellsprings of Life, by Isaac Asimov, 1960, p. 139.
15. Heredity and the Nature of Man, by Theodosius Dobzhansky, 1964, p. 126.
16. The World Book Encyclopedia, 1982, Vol. 6, p. 332.
17. Heredity and the Nature of Man, p. 126.
18. Scientific American, “Inducible Repair of DNA,” by Paul Howard-Flanders, November 1981, p. 72.
19. Darwin Retried, by Norman Macbeth, 1971, p. 33.
20. The International Wildlife Encyclopedia, 1970, Vol. 20, p. 2706.
21. Red Giants and White Dwarfs, p. 235.
22. On Call, July 3, 1972, p. 9.
23. Evolution From Space, by Fred Hoyle and Chandra Wickramasinghe, 1981, p. 5.
24. On Call, July 3, 1972, pp. 8, 9.
25. Science, “Evolutionary Theory Under Fire,” by Roger Lewin, November 21, 1980, p. 884.
26. Molecules to Living Cells, “Simple Inorganic Molecules to Complex Free-Living Cells,” Scientific American, Section I, introduction by Philip C. Hanawalt, 1980, p. 3.
27. Symbiosis in Cell Evolution, by Lynn Margulis, 1981, p. 87.
28. Scientific American, “The Genetic Control of the Shape of a Virus,” by Edouard Kellenberger, December 1966, p. 32.
29. Los Angeles Times, “Fishing for Evolution’s Answer,” by Irving S. Bengelsdorf, November 2, 1967.
30. The Orion Book of Evolution, by Jean Rostand, 1961, p. 79.
31. Science Today, “Evolution,” by C. H. Waddington, 1961, p. 38.
32. On Chromosomes, Mutations, and Phylogeny, by John N. Moore, December 27, 1971, p. 5.
Chapter 9
Our Awesome Universe
1. National Geographic, “The Incredible Universe,” by Kenneth F. Weaver, May 1974, p. 589.
2. World Press Review, quoting Maclean’s magazine, “Astronomy’s Coming Breakthroughs,” by Terence Dickinson, March 1982, p. 35.
3. National Geographic, May 1974, p. 592.
4. Discover, “View From the Corner of the Eye,” by Lewis Thomas, April 1981, p. 69.
5. Webster’s New Collegiate Dictionary, 1981, Eighth edition, p. 254.
6. Reader’s Digest, July 1962, p. 38.
7. The New York Times Magazine, “The Universe and Dr. Hawking,” by Michael Harwood, January 23, 1983, p. 53.
8. National Enquirer, February 10, 1976.
9. Science News, “The Universe: Chaotic or Bioselective?” by Dietrick E. Thomsen, August 24 and 31, 1974, p. 124.
10. Cosmos, by Carl Sagan, 1980, p. 21.
11. The Universe, by Josip Kleczek, 1976, Vol. 11, p. 17.
12. Life Itself, by Francis Crick, 1981, p. 30.
13. The Enchanted Loom: Mind in the Universe, by Robert Jastrow, 1981, p. 16.
14. New Scientist, “Taking the Lid Off Cosmology,” by John Gribbin, August 16, 1979, p. 506.
Chapter 10
Evidence From a Unique Planet
1. Science, “The Uniqueness of the Earth’s Climate,” by Allen L. Hammond, January 24, 1975, p. 245.
2. Discover, “View From the Corner of the Eye,” by Lewis Thomas, April 1981, p. 69.
3. The Earth, by Arthur Beiser, 1963, p. 10.
4. Scientific American, “Energy in the Universe,” by Freeman J. Dyson, September 1971, p. 59.
5. Science News, “The Universe: Chaotic or Bioselective?” by Dietrick E. Thomsen, August 24 and 31, 1974, p. 124.
6. The New England Journal of Medicine, September 13, 1973, Vol. 289, p. 577.
Chapter 11
The Amazing Design of Living Things
1. The Origin of Species, by Charles Darwin, Mentor edition, 1958, p. 90.
2. Discover, “Evolution as Fact and Theory,” by Stephen Jay Gould, May 1981, p. 35.
3. The Great Evolution Mystery, by Gordon Rattray Taylor, 1983, p. 233.
4. Field Museum of Natural History Bulletin, “Conflicts Between Darwin and Paleontology,” by David M. Raup, January 1979, p. 26.
5. Scientific American, “Adaptation,” by Richard Lewontin, September 1978, p. 213.
6. The Center of Life, by L. L. Larison Cudmore, 1977, pp. 13, 14.
7. The River of Life, by Rutherford Platt, 1956, p. 116.
8. The Center of Life, pp. 16, 17.
9. Biology, by Helena Curtis, 1983, Fourth edition, p. 484.
10. Life on Earth, by David Attenborough, 1979, pp. 26, 29.
11. Science Digest, “Earth’s Odd Couples,” by Mary Batten, November/December 1980, p. 66.
12. The Center of Life, pp. 137, 138.
13. The New York Times, “Materialism Hit by Dr. Millikan,” April 30, 1948, p. 21.
a. The Audubon Society Encyclopedia of North American Birds, by John K. Terres, 1980, pp. 833, 834.
Chapter 12
Who Did It First?
1. The Center of Life, by L. L. Larison Cudmore, 1977, pp. 23, 24.
2. How Life Learned to Live, by Helmut Tributsch, 1982, p. 204.
3. The Atlantic Monthly, “Debating the Unknowable,” by Lewis Thomas, July 1981, p. 49.
4. Science News Letter, August 23/30, 1975, p. 126.
5. How Life Learned to Live, p. 172.
6. Smithsonian, “Bacteria’s Motors Work in Forward, Reverse and ‘Twiddle,’” by Leo Janos, September 1983, p. 134.
7. How Life Learned to Live, p. 68.
Chapter 13
Instinct—Wisdom Programmed Before Birth
1. The Origin of Species, by Charles Darwin, Mentor edition, 1958, p. 228.
2. The Great Evolution Mystery, by Gordon Rattray Taylor, 1983, pp. 221, 222.
3. The Birds, by Roger Tory Peterson, 1963, p. 106.
4. A View of Life, by Salvador E. Luria, Stephen Jay Gould and Sam Singer, 1981, p. 556.
5. Life on Earth, by David Attenborough, 1979, p. 184.
6. The Story of Pollination, by B. J. D. Meeuse, 1961, p. 171.
7. How Life Learned to Live, by Helmut Tributsch, 1982, p. 15.
a. The Great Evolution Mystery, p. 221.
Chapter 14
The Human Miracle
1. The Brain: The Last Frontier, by Richard M. Restak, 1979, p. 390.
2. The Universe Within, by Morton Hunt, 1982, p. 44.
3. Scientific American, “Thinking About the Brain,” by Francis Crick, September 1979, pp. 229, 230.
4. Ibid., “The Development of the Brain,” by W. Maxwell Cowan, p. 131.
5. Ibid., “The Brain,” by David H. Hubel, p. 52.
6. The Brain: The Last Frontier, p. 158.
7. The Brain: Mystery of Matter and Mind, by Jack Fincher, 1981, p. 37.
8. Cosmos, by Carl Sagan, 1980, p. 278.
9. The Universe Within, p. 44.
10. Scientific American, “Specializations of the Human Brain,” by Norman Geschwind, September 1979, p. 180.
11. The Universe Within, p. 166.
12. Ibid., pp. 227-229.
13. The Brain: Mystery of Matter and Mind, p. 59.
14. The Brain: The Last Frontier, p. 331.
15. Ibid.
16. Science News Letter, “List 2,000 Languages,” September 3, 1955, p. 148.
17. Man: His First Million Years, by Ashley Montagu, 1962, p. 102.
18. The Brain: The Last Frontier, pp. 332, 333.
19. Programs of the Brain, by J. Z. Young, 1978, p. 186.
20. The Brain: Mystery of Matter and Mind, p. 53.
21. Encyclopædia Britannica, 1976, Macropædia, Vol. 12, p. 998.
22. The Brain: The Last Frontier, pp. 59, 69.
23. Cosmos, p. 278.
24. The Selfish Gene, by Richard Dawkins, 1976, pp. 4, 215.
25. Cosmos, p. 330.
a. Why We Believe in Creation Not Evolution, by Fred J. Meldau, 1964, p. 238.
b. Ibid.
c. Scientific American, September 1979, p. 219.
d. Los Angeles Times, “Network in Human Brain Shames Man-Made Variety,” by Irving S. Bengelsdorf, October 8, 1967.
e. The Universe Within, p. 85.
f. The Brain: The Last Frontier, p. 162.
g. Ibid., pp. 58, 59.
h. Reader’s Digest, “Thoughts of a Brain Surgeon,” by Robert J. White, September 1978, pp. 99, 100.
Chapter 15
Why Do Many Accept Evolution?
1. American Laboratory, “The Editor’s Page,” by Donald F. Calbreath, November 1980, p. 10.
2. New Scientist, “The Necessity of Darwinism,” by Richard Dawkins, April 15, 1982, p. 130.
3. Impact, September 1981, p. ii.
4. New Scientist, “Letters,” May 13, 1982, p. 450.
5. A View of Life, by Salvador E. Luria, Stephen Jay Gould and Sam Singer, 1981, p. 574.
6. Ibid., p. 575.
7. Missing Links, by John Reader, 1981, pp. 10, 81, 209, 226.
8. The Origin of Species, by Charles Darwin, 1956 edition, introduction by W. R. Thompson, pp. viii, xii.
9. Ibid., pp. xxi, xxii.
10. The Commercial Appeal, Memphis, Tennessee, “Darwin Issue Draws Rebuff of Professor,” by Arthur J. Snider, September 9, 1973, Section 1, p. 21.
11. Evolution From Space, by Fred Hoyle and Chandra Wickramasinghe, 1981, p. 137.
12. Hospital Practice, September 1981, p. 17.
13. New Catholic Encyclopedia, 1967, Vol. V, p. 694.
14. Nature, “Twelve Wise Men at the Vatican,” by J. M. Lowenstein, September 30, 1982, p. 395.
Chapter 17
Can You Trust the Bible?
1. Free Inquiry, “The Bible as a Political Weapon,” by Gerald Larue, Summer 1983, p. 39.
2. Scientific Monthly, “Geology and Health,” by Harry V. Warren, June 1954, p. 396.
3. Cook’s Commentary, edited by F. C. Cook, 1878, Vol. IV, p. 96.
4. Encyclopedia Americana, 1977, Vol. 9, p. 553.
5. The World Book Encyclopedia, 1984, Vol. 20, p. 136.
6. God and the Astronomers, by Robert Jastrow, 1978, pp. 11, 14.
7. Ibid., p. 16.
8. The Saturday Evening Post, “Riddle of the Frozen Giants,” by Ivan T. Sanderson, January 16, 1960, pp. 82, 83.
9. The New Dictionary of Thoughts, 1954, originally compiled by Tryon Edwards. Revised by C. N. Catrevas and Jonathan Edwards, p. 534.
10. The Physician Examines the Bible, by C. Raimer Smith, 1950, p. 354.
11. The Papyrus Ebers, by C. P. Bryan, 1931, pp. 73, 91, 92.
12. None of These Diseases, by S. I. McMillen, 1963, p. 23.
13. Encyclopedia Americana, 1956, Vol. 18, p. 582b.
14. The Lancet, “Mental Health and Spiritual Values,” by Geoffrey Vickers, March 12, 1955, p. 524.
15. Today’s Health, “How to Avoid Harmful Stress,” by J. D. Ratcliff, July 1970, p. 43.
16. A Few Buttons Missing, by James T. Fisher and Lowell S. Hawley, 1951, p. 273.
17. Abraham, Recent Discoveries and Hebrew Origins, by Leonard Woolley, 1935, p. 22.
18. The Pentateuch and Haftorahs, “Exodus,” edited by J. H. Hertz, 1951, p. 106.
19. From the Stone Age to Christianity, by William Foxwell Albright, 1940, pp. 192, 193.
20. The Pentateuch and Haftorahs, p. 106.
21. Digging Up the Bible, by Moshe Pearlman, 1980, p. 85.
22. Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament, edited by James B. Pritchard, 1969, pp. 284, 285.
23. Digging Up the Bible, p. 85.
24. Ibid.
25. Ancient Near Eastern Texts, p. 288.
26. Universal Jewish History, by Philip Biberfeld, 1948, Vol. I, p. 27.
27. Nabonidus and Belshazzar, by Raymond Philip Dougherty, 1929, p. 200.
28. The Sun, Baltimore, Maryland, March 24, 1980, “Unearthing Pontius Pilate,” by Michael J. Howard, pp. B1, B2.
29. The Bible as History, by Werner Keller, 1964 edition, p. 161.
30. Living With the Bible, by Moshe Dayan, 1978, p. 39.
31. The Sun, San Bernardino, California, October 19, 1967, p. B-12.
32. The Bible and Archæology, by Frederic Kenyon, 1940, p. 279.
33. Rivers of the Desert, by Nelson Glueck, 1959, p. 31.
Chapter 18
The Bible—Is It Really Inspired by God?
1. The Encyclopædia Britannica, 1971, Vol. 22, p. 452.
2. The World Book Encyclopedia, 1984, Vol. 19, p. 445.
3. Encyclopedia Americana, 1977, Vol. 27, p. 331.
4. Biblical Researches in Palestine, by E. Robinson and E. Smith, 1856, Vol. II, p. 463.
5. Great Books of the Western World, edited by Robert Maynard Hutchins, 1952, Vol. 6, p. 43.
6. Ibid.
7. Ibid.
8. Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament, edited by James B. Pritchard, 1969, p. 316.
9. Archaeology and Bible History, by Joseph P. Free, 1962 revision, p. 284.
10. The Works of Flavius Josephus, Wars of the Jews, translated by William Whiston, 1874, Book II, chap. XIX, par. 7, p. 642.
11. The Ecclesiastical History of Eusebius Pamphilus, translated by Christian Frederick Cruse, August 1977, ninth printing, p. 86.
12. Josephus, Wars of the Jews, Book V, chap. XII, par. 3, p. 734.
13. Josephus, Wars of the Jews, Book VII, chap. I, par. 1, p. 762.
14. Josephus, Wars of the Jews, Book VI, chap. IX, par. 3, p. 760.
15. The First World War, by Richard Thoumin, quoting preface, 1964, p. 10.
16. Der Spiegel, No. 27, July 5, 1982, p. 119.
17. The London Times, “Malnutrition Now Afflicts a Thousand Million People,” June 3, 1980, p. 10.
18. The Globe and Mail, Toronto, “The Vital Task of Finding Food for a World Already Reeling With Hunger,” by A. Roy Megarry, November 8, 1983, p. 7.
19. The Guardian, London, “Millions Starve as Worldwide Disaster Hits,” by Victoria Brittain, September 30, 1983, p. 10.
20. Time, “China’s Killer Quake,” June 25, 1979, p. 25.
21. Il Piccolo, October 8, 1978.
22. Science Digest, “1918: The Plague Year,” by Joseph E. Persico, March 1977, p. 79.
23. U.S.News & World Report, “Terrorism: Old Menace in New Guise,” interview with Walter Laqueur, May 22, 1978, p. 35.
24. Die Welt, January 18, 1979, p. 17.
25. The West Parker, Cleveland, Ohio, January 20, 1966, p. 1.
26. The New York Times, “Macmillan, at Yale, Reflects on Change,” November 23, 1980, p. 51.
27. 1913: America Between Two Worlds, by Alan Valentine, 1962, p. xiii.
29. The World Magazine, August 30, 1914.
30. Of Guilt and Hope, by Martin Niemöller, 1947, p. 48.
