Ani Oji Mɔ ko Ni Tɔmɔ Taolɔi Asu Ená Onɔ Hewalɛ?

“WIEMƆ cynic lɛ tsɔɔ mɔ ko ni taoɔ mɛi ahe tɔmɔi, mɔ ko ni enaaa ekpakpa ni mɔ ko feɔ kwraa, shi enaa efɔŋ ni mɔ ko feɔ lɛ daa. Eji gbɔmɔ ni efee ehe patu, enaa duŋ mli nii, shi enaaa kane mli nii, kooloi bibii egbɔbiɔ shi emɔɔɔ kooloi wuji ni sa gbɔbimɔ.” Akɛɛ Amerika osɔfo Henry Beecher ni hi shi yɛ afii ohai 19 lɛ mli ji mɔ ni wie nɛkɛ wiemɔi nɛɛ. Mɛi babaoo baasusu akɛ eji wiemɔ ni tsɔɔ bɔ ni mɔ ni taoɔ mɛi ahe tɔmɔi lɛ ji ha lɛ mli jogbaŋŋ yɛ wɔ bei nɛɛ amli. Shi aná wiemɔ ni ji “cynic” lɛ kɛjɛ blema Hela wiemɔ mli, he ni etsɔɔɔ mɔ ko ni feɔ nakai kɛkɛ lɛ mli. Yɛ afii ohai abɔ ni eho lɛ mli lɛ, etsɔɔ skul ní akaseɔ jeŋ nilee he nii yɛ.

Te fee tɛŋŋ ni Tɔmɔ Taolɔi ajeŋ nilee lɛ je shishi? Mɛni amɛtsɔɔ? Ani su ni Tɔmɔ Taolɔi yɔɔ lɛ hi ha Kristofonyo?

Tɔmɔ Taolɔi ni Hi Shi yɛ Blema—Amɛshishijeei kɛ Amɛhemɔkɛyelii

Blema Hela maŋ lɛ ji he ko ni agbaa nibii ahe sane ni ajeɔ he ŋwane waa hu yɛ. Yɛ afii ohai abɔ ni tsɔ hiɛ kɛbashi wɔ Ŋmɛnɛŋmɛnɛ Beaŋ lɛ, abale hii tamɔ Socrates, Plato kɛ Aristotle waa kɛtsɔ jeŋ nileei srɔtoi ní amɛkɛba lɛ nɔ. Amɛtsɔɔmɔi lɛ ná mɛi anɔ hewalɛ waa, ni akɛ amɛsusumɔi lɛ miitsu nii yɛ Anaigbɛ shikpɔji anɔ lolo.

Socrates (ni hi shi yɛ afi 470 kɛyashi afi 399 D.Ŋ.B.) lɛ taa naa akɛ jeee heloonaa nibii asɛɛtiumɔ aloo hiɛtserɛjiemɔi amli ajɛɔ anáa miishɛɛ ni sɛɛ tsɛɔ. Etsɔɔ akɛ, anɔkwa miishɛɛ baa kɛjɛɔ jeŋba kpakpa mlihiɛmɔ shihilɛ mli. Socrates ŋɔ jeŋba kpakpa akɛ nɔ ni he hiaa fe fɛɛ yɛ shihilɛ mli. Bɔni afee ni enine ashɛ nɛkɛ oti nɛɛ nɔ lɛ, ekpoo heloonaa nibii kpakpai asɛɛtiumɔ kɛ shihilɛ mli nibii ni he bɛ sɛɛnamɔ lɛ ejaakɛ enu he akɛ enɛɛmɛi baagbala ejwɛŋmɔ. Etsɔɔ akɛ, esa akɛ ahi shihilɛ ni yɔɔ mlɛo mli, ní akwa he, ní akɛ henɔyeli atsu enɛɛmɛi ahe nii.

Socrates je tsɔɔmɔ ko ni atsɛɔ lɛ Socrates Nifeemɔi lɛ shishi. Yɛ be mli ni nilelɔi lɛ ateŋ mɛi pii kɛ susumɔi baa ni amɛkɛ saji fiɔ sɛɛ lɛ, Socrates efeee nakai. Eboɔ jeŋ nilelɔi krokomɛi awiemɔ toi ni ekpaa tɔmɔi ni yɔɔ amɛsusumɔi amli lɛ he mama. Nɛkɛ nifeemɔ gbɛ nɛɛ wo mɛi hewalɛ ni amɛwie amɛshi efɔŋ ni mɛi krokomɛi efee kɛ bulɛ ni amɛbɛ kɛha mɛi krokomɛi.

Mɛi ni fata Socrates sɛɛnyiɛlɔi lɛ ahe ji jeŋ nilelɔ ko ni atsɛɔ lɛ Antisthenes (ni hi shi yɛ aaafee afi 445 kɛyashi afi 365 D.Ŋ.B.) lɛ. Lɛ kɛ amɛteŋ mɛi krokomɛi pii ni fata he lɛ ha Socrates shishijee tsɔɔmɔ lɛ tee hiɛ kɛtsɔ kɛɛmɔ ni amɛkɛɛ akɛ, jeŋba kpakpa ji nɔ pɛ ni hi fe fɛɛ lɛ nɔ. Kɛha amɛ lɛ, hiɛtserɛjiemɔ sɛɛtiumɔ jeee nɔ ko ni haa mɔ hiɛ jeɔ ehe nɔ kɛkɛ, shi moŋ eji nifeemɔ ko ni ehiii. Akɛni amɛbatsɔmɔ mɛi ni kɛ maŋbii ebɔɔɔ kwraa hewɔ lɛ, amɛbuuu amɛnanemɛi adesai amɛhaaa nɔ ko nɔ ko. Abale amɛ akɛ Mɛi ni Taoɔ Mɛi Ahe Tɔmɔi. Ekolɛ aná gbɛi ni ji Cynic lɛ kɛjɛ Hela wiemɔ ni ji (ky·ni·kosʹ) ni tsɔɔ amɛjeŋba ni  ehiii kwraa ni yɔɔ keketee lɛ mli. Eshishi ji “gbeei anifeemɔ.” *

Hewalɛ ni Ená yɛ Bɔ ni Amɛhiɔ Shi Amɛhaa lɛ Nɔ

Eyɛ mli akɛ asusuɔ akɛ Tɔmɔ Taolɔi lɛ ajeŋ nilee tsɔɔmɔi nɛɛ ekomɛi ní wieɔ eshiɔ heloonaa nibii asɛɛtiumɔ kɛ jeŋ ninamɔ he lɛ hi moŋ, shi Tɔmɔ Taolɔi nɛɛ fee veveeve tsɔ̃. Anaa enɛ yɛ jeŋ nilelɔ Diogenes—ni eji Tɔmɔ Taolɔ ni ale lɛ waa diɛŋtsɛ lɛ shihilɛ mli.

Afɔ́ Diogenes yɛ afi 412 D.Ŋ.B. yɛ Sinope, ni ji maŋtiase ko ni yɔɔ Black Sea lɛ mli. Ekɛ etsɛ fã kɛtee Athens, ni jɛmɛ ji he ni eyakase Tɔmɔ Taolɔi atsɔɔmɔ lɛ yɛ. Antisthenes tsɔɔ Diogenes nii, ni Tamɔ Taolɔi ajeŋ nilee tsɔɔmɔ lɛ baná enɔ hewalɛ waa. Socrates hi shihilɛ ni yɔɔ mlɛo mli, shi Antisthenes taooo shihilɛ mli miishɛɛnamɔ ko kwraa. Shi Diogenes hi shi yɛ jeŋba mli hetsemɔ mli. Bɔni afee ni Diogenes ama nɔ mi akɛ ekpoɔ heloonaa nibii amliŋɔɔmɔ namɔ lɛ, ehi shi yɛ agba amli be fioo!

Yɛ be mli ni Diogenes taoɔ ni ená su kpakpa fe fɛɛ lɛ, akɛɛ enyiɛ kɛkpa Athens maŋ lɛ mli fɛɛ shwane fiŋtiŋŋ ni ehiɛ kane yɛ edɛŋ ni eekwɛ akɛ ebaana jalɔ ko lo! Nakai subaŋ lɛ gbala mɛi ajwɛŋmɔ kɛba enɔ ni ebafee nɔ ni Diogenes kɛ Tɔmɔ Taolɔi krokomɛi tsɔ nɔ amɛkɛtsɔɔ nii. Akɛɛ akɛ be ko lɛ Alexander Kpeteŋkpele lɛ bi Diogenes ni etsɔɔ lɛ nɔ̃ diɛŋtsɛ ni etaoɔ fe fɛɛ yɛ shihilɛ mli. Abɔ amaniɛ akɛ Diogenes kɛɛ akɛ, eesumɔ ni Alexander atsi kɛya afã gbɛ bɔ ni afee ni ekatsĩ hulu lɛ naa!

Diogenes kɛ Tɔmɔ Taolɔi krokomɛi lɛ hi shi akɛ nibalɔi. Amɛbɛ dekã kɛha adesa kɛ naanyobɔɔ, ni amɛkpoo maŋ sɔɔmɔ nitsumɔi. Ekolɛ, akɛni Socrates nifeemɔi lɛ ná amɛnɔ hewalɛ hewɔ lɛ, amɛbafee mɛi ni ebuuu mɛi krokomɛi. Abale Diogenes yɛ ewiemɔi ni woɔ mɔ mlila lɛ hewɔ. Abu Tɔmɔ Taolɔ lɛ akɛ “amɛtamɔ gbeei” shi awo Diogenes sabala akɛ Gbee Lɛ. Egbo yɛ aaafee afi 320 D.Ŋ.B. beni eye afii 90. Akɛ fɔbitɛ shɔ̃ gbee ni akɛma esãi lɛ nɔ.

Akpɛlɛ Tɔmɔ Taolɔi ajeŋ nilee tsɔɔmɔi nɛɛ ekomɛi anɔ awo nikasemɔi krokomɛi amli. Shi yɛ be ko sɛɛ lɛ, Diogenes nifeemɔi kɛ sɛɛnyiɛlɔi ni ená yɛ sɛɛ mli lɛ, fite bulɛ ni Tɔmɔ Taolɔi a-skul lɛ yɔɔ lɛ. Yɛ naagbee lɛ, elaaje kwraa yɛ shihilɛ mli.

Ŋmɛnɛŋmɛnɛ Beaŋ Tɔmɔ Taolɔi —Ani Esa akɛ Oná Amɛsui lɛ Eko?

The Oxford English Dictionary lɛ tsɔɔ ŋmɛnɛŋmɛnɛ beaŋ tɔmɔ taolɔ mli akɛ, eji “mɔ ko ni taoɔ tɔmɔ yɛ mɛi ahe. . . . Mɔ ko ni jeɔ jwɛŋmɔ kpakpa mli ni mɛi jɛɔ amɛkɛfeɔ nii lɛ ahe ŋwane, ni ekɛ fɛoyeli kɛ mlilawoo wiemɔi feɔ enɛɛmɛi; mɔ ko ni kɛ hefɛoyeli taoɔ mɛi atɔmɔi.” Jeŋ ni ebɔle wɔ lɛ jieɔ sui ni tamɔ enɛɛmɛi akpo, shi yɛ anɔkwale mli lɛ, ehiii kɛhaaa Kristofonyo. Susumɔ tsɔɔmɔi kɛ Biblia mli shishitoo mlai ni nyiɛ sɛɛ lɛ ahe okwɛ.

“Mɔbɔnalɔ kɛ durolɔ ji Yehowa, emli fuuu mra, ni emɔbɔnalɛ fá. Ehiɛɛɛ béi amli daa, ni ebɛɛɛ mɔ ewooo emli kɛyaaa naanɔ.” (Lala 103:8, 9) Awoɔ Kristofoi ŋaa koni “amɛfee Nyɔŋmɔ kaselɔi.” (Efesobii 5:1) Kɛji akɛ Nyɔŋmɔ Ofe lɛ sumɔɔ koni ejie mɔbɔnalɛ kɛ suɔmɔ kpo babaoo moŋ fe ni “eeetao mɛi atɔmɔi” lɛ, belɛ eka shi faŋŋ akɛ esa akɛ Kristofoi abɔ mɔdɛŋ ni amɛfee nakai nɔŋŋ.

Yesu Kristo, ni ji Yehowa najiaŋdamɔlɔ lɛ diɛŋtsɛ ‘fee nɔkwɛmɔnɔ efɔ̃ shi eha wɔ koni wɔnyiɛ sɛɛ.’ (1 Petro 2:21; Hebribii 1:3) Bei komɛi lɛ, Yesu kpaa apasa jamɔ he mama, ni eyeɔ je lɛ nitsumɔi fɔji lɛ ahe odase. (Yohane 7:7) Yɛ fɛɛ sɛɛ lɛ, ewie nibii kpakpai yɛ mɛi kpakpai ahe. Ákɛ nɔkwɛmɔnɔ lɛ, ewie Nataniel he akɛ: “Naa, anɔkwa Israelnyo, mɔ mli ni apasa ko bɛ.” (Yohane 1:47) Yesu gbalaa jwɛŋmɔ kɛyaa hemɔkɛyeli ni mɔ ko ni efeɔ naakpɛɛ nii ehaa lɛ lɛ yɔɔ lɛ nɔ dani efeɔ. (Mateo 9:22) Ni beni mɛi komɛi yasusu akɛ nikeenii ni yoo ko kɛba lɛ ji nɔ ni jara wa kwraa tsɔ lɛ, Yesu náaa jwɛŋmɔ ni yoo lɛ hiɛ lɛ he efɔŋ, shi ekɛɛ akɛ: “He fɛɛ he ni aaajaje sanekpakpa nɛɛ yɛ, yɛ jeŋ fɛɛ lɛ, aaatsĩ nɔ ni yoo nɛɛ fee nɛɛ hu tã aŋɔkai lɛ.” (Mateo 26:6-13) Yesu ji naanyo ni anyɛɔ akɛ he fɔ̃ɔ enɔ, ni eji naanyo ni sumɔɔ esɛɛnyiɛlɔi lɛ, “esumɔ amɛ kɛwula shi.”—Yohane 13:1.

Akɛni Yesu eye emuu hewɔ lɛ, ebaanyɛ ena adesai ni yeee emuu lɛ atɔmɔ oya. Yɛ nɔ najiaŋ ni  eeená su ni tsɔɔ hé ni aheee mɔ ayeee, kɛ mɔ ni taoɔ mɛi ahe tɔmɔi moŋ lɛ, etaoɔ gbɛ̀i anɔ ni eeetsɔ eshɛje gbɔmɛi amii.—Mateo 11:29, 30.

“[Suɔmɔ] heɔ nii fɛɛ eyeɔ.” (1 Korintobii 13:7) Nakai wiemɔ lɛ kɛ jwɛŋmɔ ni mɛi ni taoɔ mɛi ahe tɔmɔi yɔɔ ni amɛbibiɔ jwɛŋmɔi ni mɛi krokomɛi kɛfeɔ amɛnii lɛ ahe saji lɛ yɛ srɔto kwraa. Lɛɛlɛŋ, je lɛ mli eyi obɔ kɛ gbɔmɛi ni hiɛ jwɛŋmɔi gbohii; no hewɔ lɛ, ehe ehia ni akwɛ he nɔ jogbaŋŋ. (Abɛi 14:15) Shi kɛlɛ, suɔmɔ efee klalo akɛ ebaahe eye ejaakɛ eyɛ hekɛnɔfɔɔ, enáaa mɛi ahe jwɛŋmɔ fɔŋ yɛ gbɛ ni ejaaa nɔ.

Nyɔŋmɔ sumɔɔ etsuji ni eheɔ amɛ eyeɔ. Ele amɛfatɔi jogbaŋŋ fe bɔ ni amɛle. Shi kɛlɛ, Yehowa náaa ewebii lɛ ahe jwɛŋmɔ fɔŋ kwraa, ni ekpaaa babaoo fe bɔ ni amɛaanyɛ gbɛ kɛjɛɛɛ amɛdɛŋ. (Lala 103:13, 14) Kɛfata he lɛ, Nyɔŋmɔ kwɛɔ ekpakpa ni adesai feɔ lɛ, ni ekɛ hekɛnɔfɔɔ haa enɔkwa tsuji ni yeee emuu lɛ hegbɛi kɛ nɔyeli.—1 Maŋtsɛyeli 14:13; Lala 82:6.

“Mi, Yehowa, mitaoɔ tsuiŋ, mikaa sabai mikwɛɔ, koni maha mɔ fɛɛ mɔ yɛ egbɛ̀i kɛ enifeemɔ nii ayibii lɛ anaa!” (Yeremia 17:10) Yehowa nyɛɔ eleɔ nɔ̃ diɛŋtsɛ ni yɔɔ gbɔmɔ tsui mli. Wɔnyɛŋ wɔfee nakai. No hewɔ lɛ, esa akɛ wɔkwɛ jogbaŋŋ yɛ jwɛŋmɔi komɛi ni wɔnáa yɛ mɛi krokomɛi ahe lɛ he.

Kɛ wɔŋmɛ gbɛ ni mɛi ahe tɔmɔi taomɔ mumɔ he shi yɛ wɔmli ni yɛ naagbee lɛ ehe wɔjwɛŋmɔ lɛ, no lɛ ebaanyɛ ekɛ mligbalamɔi aba wɔ kɛ wɔnanemɛi heyelilɔi ateŋ. Ebaanyɛ efite toiŋjɔlɛ ni yɔɔ Kristofoi asafo lɛ mli lɛ hu. No hewɔ lɛ, nyɛhaa wɔnyiɛa Yesu, mɔ ni le nɔ fɛɛ nɔ shi enáa ekaselɔi lɛ ahe jwɛŋmɔ kpakpa lɛ nɔkwɛmɔnɔ lɛ sɛɛ. Ebatsɔ amɛnaanyo ni amɛheɔ lɛ amɛyeɔ.—Yohane 15:11-15.

“Ni bɔ ni nyɛtaoɔ akɛ mɛi afee aha nyɛ lɛ, nyɛ hu nyɛfea nakai nɔŋŋ nyɛhaa amɛ.” (Luka 6:31) Gbɛ̀i babaoo yɛ ni abaanyɛ atsɔ nɔ akɛ Yesu Kristo ŋaawoo nɛɛ atsu nii. Ákɛ nɔkwɛmɔnɔ lɛ, wɔ fɛɛ wɔsumɔɔ ni akɛ wɔ awie kɛ mlijɔlɛ kɛ bulɛ. Belɛ, esa akɛ wɔkɛ mɛi krokomɛi awie yɛ mlijɔlɛ kɛ bulɛ gbɛ nɔ. Beni Yesu kɛ ekãa kpa jamɔŋ hiɛnyiɛlɔi apasa tsɔɔmɔi lɛ ahe mama po lɛ, ekɛ jwɛŋmɔ fɔŋ efeee nakai kɔkɔɔkɔ.—Mateo 23:13-36.

Gbɛ̀i Anɔ ni Atsɔɔ Awuɔ Ashiɔ Mɛi Ahe Tɔmɔi Taomɔ Su

Kɛ wɔnijiaŋ je wui lɛ, mɛi ahe tɔmɔi taomɔ baanyɛ aná wɔnɔ hewalɛ yɛ gbɛ ni yɔɔ mlɛo nɔ. Wɔbaanyɛ wɔwuu wɔshi nɛkɛ hewalɛ nɛɛ kɛtsɔ hiɛsɔɔ ni wɔɔná akɛ Yehowa yɛ hekɛnɔfɔɔ yɛ ewebii ni yeee emuu lɛ amli. Enɛ baanyɛ eye ebua wɔ koni wɔkpɛlɛ bɔ ni Nyɔŋmɔ jálɔi krokomɛi asu yɔɔ lɛ nɔ—adesai ni yeee emuu ni miibɔ mɔdɛŋ koni amɛfee nɔ ni ja.

Shihilɛ ni mli wawai ni mɛi komɛi yajeɔ mli lɛ haaa amɛhe mɛi amɛye. Lɛɛlɛŋ, nilee bɛ mli akɛ wɔkɛ wɔhe aaafɔ̃ adesai ni yeee emuu lɛ anɔ kwraa kɛmɔ shi. (Lala 146:3, 4) Shi yɛ Kristofoi asafo lɛ mli lɛ, mɛi babaoo ji mɛi ni sumɔɔ akɛ amɛwo mɛi krokomɛi hewalɛ. Bo lɛ susumɔ mɛi akpekpei abɔ ni tamɔ nyɛmɛi, tsɛmɛi, nyɛmimɛi yei, nyɛmimɛi hii kɛ bii kɛha mɛi ni wekumɛi egbo eshi amɛ lɛ he okwɛ. (Marko 10:30) Susumɔ mɛi ni bafeɔ nanemɛi diɛŋtsɛ yɛ jaramɔ bei amli lɛ hu he. *—Abɛi 18:24.

Jeee mɛi atɔmɔi taomɔ ji nɔ ni kadiɔ Yesu sɛɛnyiɛlɔi lɛ, shi moŋ nyɛmimɛi asuɔmɔ, ejaakɛ ekɛɛ akɛ: “Kɛji nyɛsumɔɔ nyɛhe lɛ, no mɛi fɛɛ kɛaale akɛ mikaselɔi ji nyɛ.” (Yohane 13:35) No hewɔ lɛ, nyɛhaa wɔjiea suɔmɔ kpo wɔtsɔa, ni wɔgbala wɔjwɛŋmɔ kɛya nibii kpakpai ni wɔnanemɛi Kristofoi feɔ lɛ anɔ. Nakai feemɔ baaye ebua wɔ koni wɔtsi wɔhe kɛjɛ mɛi ahe tɔmɔ taomɔ su lɛ he.

[Shishigbɛ niŋmai]

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Diogenes ji Tɔmɔ Taolɔ ni ale lɛ waa

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