Mamanya a bantu ne Bible: Bidi bushuwa bibengangana anyi?

BUALU buvua bukebeshe dikokangana pankatshi pa Galilée ne Ekeleziya Katolike buvua bua kale bidimu nkama mivule kumpala kua Copernic ne Galilée kuledibuabu. Bakavua bitabe dilongesha dia se: buloba buvua munkatshi mua tshibuashibuashi kudi bena mu Grèce ba kale ne bakaditangalaja kudi muena nkindi Aristote (384-322 K.B.B.) ne mumanyi wa malu a mabulunga ne muena lubuku lua mitoto Ptolémée (siekele muibidi B.B.). *

Dilongesha dia Aristote pa bidi bitangila bintu bia mu tshibuashibuashi divua dilonda lungenyi lua muena nkindi ne mumanyi wa makumi wa mu Grèce Pythagore (siekele muisambombo K.B.B.). Bu muvua Aristote muitabe lungenyi lua Pythagore lua se: tshijengu ne dibulunga bivua bipapu bilenga tshishiki, uvua wamba ne: diulu divua dienza ne mabulunga munda mua mabulunga, anu mutu bipese bia ditungulu biambulangane. Tshipese tshionso tshivua tshienza ne dibue dienze bu lumuenu, ne buloba buikale munkatshi. Mitoto ivua inyunguluka yenza bijengu, ipeta bukole bua kunyunguluka nabu ku dibulunga didi mutantshi mule, ku mushimi wa bukole bua Nzambi. Aristote uvua wamba kabidi ne: dîba ne bintu bikuabu bia mulu bivua bilenga tshishiki, kabivua mua kuikala ne kalema ne kabivua mua kushintuluka nansha.

Dilongesha dinene dia Aristote diakapatukila ku nkindi, kadi ki nku mamanya a bintu bia panu to. Uvua wela meji ne: kuamba ne: buloba  budi bunyunguluka kakuvua mua kuikala kua meji majalame to. Wakabenga kabidi lungenyi lua se: kudi tshibuashibuashi tshia munda mutupu, bualu uvua yeye wamba ne: bu buloba buobu bunyunguluka buvua mua kukuyakana ne tshinga tshintu ne buvua mua kulekela dinyunguluka pavuaku kakuyi bukole buvua butungunuka ne kubuendesha. Bu muvua dilongesha dia Aristote diumvuika dia meji bilondeshile dimanya divuaku dîba adi, diakatungunuka mu mushindu wadi wa ku ntuadijilu au bidimu bitue ku 2 000. Nansha too ne mu lukama lua bidimu lua 16, muena nkindi wa mu France Jean Bodin wakakula bua lungenyi alu luvua lutangalake ne: “Kakuena muntu nansha umue wa lungenyi peshi muntu udi ne dimanya nansha dikese dia malu a bukole budi mu bintu bifuka wela meji ne: buloba, budi ne bujitu ne bunene nunku . . . , budi bunyunguluka . . . kaba kamue ne budi bunyunguluka ku dîba; bualu buloba buobu bunyunguluke anu kakese menemene, tudi mua kumona bimenga ne ngumbu mikole ne mikuna biupuka.”

Ekeleziya wakangata dilongesha dia Aristote

Bualu bukuabu buakafikisha ku dikokangana pankatshi pa Galilée ne ekeleziya buakenzeka mu lukama lua bidimu lua 13 ne buvua butangila munene wa mu Katolike Thomas d’Aquin (1225-1274). Aquin uvua unemeka Aristote bikole, umubikila ne: Muena nkindi mutambe bunene. Aquin wakenza muende muonso munkatshi mua bidimu bitanu bua kusambakaja nkindi ya Aristote ne malongesha a ekeleziya. Wade Rowland udi wamba mu mukanda wende wa Tshilema tshiakenza Galilée (Angl.) ne: mu tshikondo tshia Galilée, “malongesha a Aristote masambakaja ne a ekeleziya a Aquin avua malue nshindamenu wa malongesha a Ekeleziya wa ku Lomo.” Vuluka kabidi ne: mu matuku au kakuvua bena meji badikadile to. Tulasa tuvua nangananga mu bianza bia ekeleziya. Misangu mivule malu a bitendelelu ne a bena meji avua malombola anu kudi Ekeleziya.

Eu uvua nsombelu wa ntuadijilu uvua ne bua kufikisha ku dikokangana pankatshi pa ekeleziya ne Galilée. Nansha kumpala kua kudifilaye mu dilonga dia malu a mabulunga, Galilée ukavua mufunde tshiena-bualu tshivua tshiakula bua luendu luawu. Uvua utontololamu malu a bungi avuabu bambe kudi Aristote uvuabu batamba kunemeka. Nansha nanku, dikuata ne tshisumi ku dilongesha dia se: dîba ke didi munkatshi mua tshibuashibuashi ne diamba mudi dilongesha edi dipetangana ne Bible ke biakafikisha Galilée ku dilumbuluishibua kudi Ekeleziya mu 1633.

Pavuaye udibingisha, Galilée wakajadika muvuaye witabuja Bible ne muoyo mujima bu Dîyi dia Nzambi difundisha ku nyuma. Wakamba kabidi ne: Bible uvua mufunda bua bantu bonso, ne miaba idi Bible wakula bua tshidi tshimueneka bu luendu lua dîba ki nya kumvua anu mudiyi amu to. Bijadiki biakafilaye kabiakamuambuluisha nansha. Bakapisha Galilée bualu uvua mubenge diumvuija dia Mifundu diangatshila mu nkindi ya bena Grèce! Anu patuakafika mu 1992 ke pakitaba Ekeleziya Katolike tshilema tshiende mu dilumbuluisha dia Galilée.

Malongesha atudi tupeta

Ntshinyi tshitudi mua kulonga mu mianda eyi? Tshia kumpala, Galilée kavua welesha Bible mpata nansha mikese. Kadi uvua utontolola malongesha a ekeleziya. Mufundi mukuabu wa malu a bitendelelu wakamba ne: “Bidi bimueneka ne: dilongesha dia kulonga mu bualu bua Galilée ki ndia se: Ekeleziya uvua mulamate bikole ku malu malelela a mu Bible, kadi ndia se: kavua mutambe kulamataku bikole to.” Mu dilekela nkindi ya bena Gelika ibuela mu malongesha ende, ekeleziya wakalonda bilele bia bantu pamutu pa kulonda malongesha a mu Bible.

Bionso ebi bidi bituvuluija didimuija dia mu Bible dia se: ‘Nudimuke bua muntu kikadiku udi mua kununyanga ne nkindi yende ne lubombo lua patupu, bu mudi bilele biamba kudi bantu, bu mudi mayisha a kumudilu a pa buloba, ne ki mbu mudi Kristo mutuyishe.’​—Kolosai 2:8.

Nansha lelu eu, bantu ba bungi mu Bukua-buena-Kristo badi batungunuka ne kuitaba ne muoyo mujima malongesha ne nkindi bidi bibengangana ne Bible. Tshilejilu tshimue ntshia dilongesha dia Darwin dia bidimenene, didibu bitabe  pamutu pa muyuki wa bufuki wa mu Genese. Mu dipingaja dilongesha dia bidimenene pa muaba wa malongesha a mu Bible, ekeleziya mmivuije Darwin bu Aristote wa tshikondo etshi, ne mmivuije dilongesha diende bu diyisha dinene dia ntendelelu. *

Mamanya malelela a bantu adi apetangana ne Bible

Bitudi bambe kulu eku kabiena ne bua kututekesha mu mikolo bua kumanya malu a bena meji to. Bua kuamba bulelela, Bible nkayende udi utuambila bua tulonge malu mu bintu bidi Nzambi muenze bua tujingulule ngikadilu yende ya dikema mu bitudi tumona. (Yeshaya 40:26; Lomo 1:20) Bushuwa, Bible kavua mufunda bua kulongesha mamanya a bantu to. Kadi udi utusokoluela mikenji ya Nzambi, malu adi atangila bumuntu buende adi bufuki nkayabu kabuyi mua kutulongesha ne disua diende bua bantu. (Musambu 19:7-11; 2 Timote 3:16) Kadi, padi Bible wakula bua mianda kampanda itu yenzeka mu bintu bifuka, utu misangu yonso wamba malu majalame. Galilée nkayende wakamba ne: “Mifundu Minsantu ne bintu bifuka mbifumine kudi Nzambi . . . Mifundu Minsantu ne bintu bifuka kabitu mua kubengangana to.” Tangila bilejilu bidi bilonda ebi.

Muanda udi munene menemene kupita luendu lua mitoto ne mabulunga udi se: tshintu tshionso tshidi mu tshibuashibuashi ntshilombola kudi mikenji bu mudi wa bukole budi nabu mabulunga bua kukokangana. Mêyi a kale menemene adi kaayi a mu Bible adi akula bua mikenji idi ilombola bintu bifuka avua mamba kudi Pythagore, uvua witaba ne: kuvua mushindu wa kumvuija luendu lua bintu bia mu tshibuashibuashi ku diambuluisha dia makumi. Kunyima kua bidimu binunu bibidi, Galilée, Kepler ne Newton bakajadika ndekelu wa bionso ne: badi balombola bintu bionso bidi bimueneka kudi mikenji idi ilonda meji malelela.

Mêyi a kale menemene a mu Bible adi akula bua mikenji idi mu bintu bifuka adi mu mukanda wa Yobo. Bu mu 1600 K.B.B., Nzambi wakebeja Yobo ne: ‘Wewe udi mumanye mikenji idi Nzambi welela bintu bia mu diulu anyi?’ (Yobo 38:33) Mukanda  wa Yelemiya, mufunda mu lukama lua bidimu lua muanda mutekete K.B.B., udi wakula bua Yehowa bu Mufuki ‘udi welela ngondo ne mitoto mikenji’ ne udi wela ‘mikenji [bua] bintu bia mu diulu ne bia pa buloba.’ (Yelemiya 31:35; 33:25) Mumvuiji wa Bible George Rawlinson wakamba bua mêyi aa ne: “Bafundi ba Bible ne bena meji ba lelu mbajadike muomumue mudi mikenji ilombola bintu bionso bidi bimueneka.”

Mêyi a mu Yobo avua mamba bidimu bu tshinunu kumpala kua Pythagore kufunda bua mikenji idi ilombola bintu mu tshibuashibuashi. Vuluka ne: tshipatshila tshia Bible katshiena anu tshia kusokolola malu adi atangila bintu bifuka to, kadi tshidi nangananga tshia kutuleja ne: Yehowa udi Mufuki wa bintu bionso, eu udi ufuka mikenji idi ilombola bintu.​—Yobo 38:4, 12; 42:1, 2.

Tshilejilu tshikuabu tshitudi mua kutela tshidi se: mâyi adi pa buloba adi anyunguluka. Mu mêyi mapepele, mâyi a mu mbu adi abuka mu lupepe, enza mavuba, aloka pa buloba bu mvula, ne ndekelu wa bionso apingana kabidi mu mbu. Mikanda ya kale menemene idi kayiyi ya mu Bible idiku too ne lelu idi miakule bua dinyunguluka dia mâyi edi nya mu lukama lua bidimu luinayi K.B.B. Kadi mêyi a mu Bible adi makule bualu ebu mmamba bidimu nkama mivule kumpala. Tshilejilu, mu lukama lua bidimu lua 11 K.B.B., Solomo Mukalenge wa Isalele wakafunda ne: ‘Misulu yonso idi ibuela mu mâyi manene, kadi mâyi manene kaena uula tente; mu miaba yonso idi misulu ipueka, idi ipinganamu kabidi.’​—Muambi 1:7.

Bia muomumue, bu mu 800 K.B.B. muprofete Amosa, mulami wa mikoko mupele ne muena mudimu wa budimi, wakafunda ne: Yehowa udi ‘ubikila mâyi a mu mâyi manene kudiye, ne udi uapongolola pa buloba.’ (Amosa 5:8) Kabiyi mu ngakuilu mukolakane anyi wa bamanyi bapiluke, Solomo ne Amosa bakumvuija bimpe menemene mudi mâyi anyunguluka, yonso wa kudibu mu mushindu mushilangane kakese ne wa mukuabu.

Bible udi wakula kabidi bua Nzambi ne: “Wakafuka buloba kabuyi bukudika ku tshintu,” anyi ne: udi “mulembeleje buloba kabuyi bukuata kudi tshintu,” bilondeshile Mukanda wa Mvidi Mukulu [Katolike]. (Yobo 26:7) Pa kumona dimanya divuaku mu 1600 K.B.B., pabuipi ne tshikondo tshiakamba Yobo mêyi aa, bivua bikengela kuikala muntu wa pa buende bua kuamba ne: tshintu tshia bujitu tshidi mua kushala tshilembelele mu lupepe katshiyi tshikuata kudi tshinga tshintu. Anu mutudi baleje kulu eku, Aristote nkayende wakabenga dilongesha dia se: kudi tshibuashibuashi tshia munda mutupu, ne uvua ne muoyo bidimu bipite pa 1 200 panyima pa Yobo!

Kabienaku bikukemesha bua mudi Bible wamba malu majalame nunku, nangananga pa kumona ngenyi mikonyangale, ivuabu bamona bu mimpe mu tshikondo atshi tshiakamufundabu anyi? Bua bantu badi bela meji, etshi ntshijadiki tshikuabu tshia se: Bible mmufundisha ku nyuma wa Nzambi. Nanku netuleje ne: tudi ne meji majalame pikala dilongesha kayi dionso didi dibengangana ne Dîyi dia Nzambi kadiyi ditupambuisha bipepele. Anu mukadi miyuki ya kale mileje njila ne njila, nkindi ya bantu, nansha ya bantu badi balonge bikole, idi ilua ne ipita, kadi ‘dîyi dia [Yehowa] didiku tshiendelele.’​—1 Petelo 1:25.

[Mêyi adi kuinshi]

[Kazubu/​Bimfuanyi mu dibeji 6]

Muvua bena mishonyi bamona bualu ebu

Balombodi ba bena Mishonyi bakabenga pabu dilongesha dia se: dîba didi munkatshi mua tshibuashibuashi. Munkatshi muabu muvua Martin Luther (1483-1546), Philipp Melanchthon (1497-1560) ne Jean Calvin (1509-1564). Luther wakamba bua Copernic ne: “Mupale eu udi ukeba kunyangakaja dimanya dionso dia mabulunga.”

Balombodi ba bena Mishonyi bakimanyikila tshijadiki tshiabu pa ngumvuilu wa ku muaku ku muaku wa imue mvese, bu mudi muyuki udi mu Yoshua nshapita wa 10 udi wamba bua se: dîba ne ngondo ‘biakimana.’ Bua tshinyi balombodi ba bena Mishonyi aba bavua ne lungenyi elu? * Mukanda wa Tshilema tshiakenza Galilée (Angl.) udi umvuija ne: nansha muvua bena Mishonyi bavua bakebe Dishintuluka bumbuke ku bukokeshi bua pape, bakapangila bua “kudiumbusha ku bukokeshi bunene” bua Aristote ne Thomas d’Aquin, bena malongesha avuabu “bitabe kudi bena Katolike ne bena Mishonyi.”

[Mêyi adi kuinshi]

[Bimfuanyi]

Luther

Calvin

[Mêyi a dianyisha]

Wa mu mukanda wa Servetus and Calvin, 1877

[Tshimfuanyi mu dibeji 4]

Aristote

[Mêyi a dianyisha]

Wa mu mukanda wa A General History for Colleges and High Schools, 1900

[Tshimfuanyi mu dibeji 5]

Thomas d’Aquin

[Mêyi a dianyisha]

Wa mu mukanda wa Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge, 1855

[Tshimfuanyi mu dibeji 6]

Isaac Newton

[Tshimfuanyi mu dibeji 7]

Bible ukavua mumvuije mudi mâyi anyunguluka kukadi bidimu bipite pa 3 000