Chinenero cha Kutchire—Kulankhulana Kodabwitsa kwa Zinyama

YOLEMBEDWA NDI WOLEMBA GALAMUKANI! KU KENYA

MOSAKAYIKIRA, mphatso ina yamtengo wapatali kwambiri imene anthu anapatsidwa ndiyo yomatha kulankhulana. Timagwiritsa ntchito mphatsoyi pouzana zinthu zofunika mwamawu kapena pogwiritsa ntchito manja, maso kapena mbali zina zathupi. Ndipotu ufulu wakulankhula ndiyo nkhani imene ili mkamwamkamwa padziko lonse. Motero ena akhala akuganiza kuti anthu okha ndiwo amalankhulitsana.

Komatu ofufuza apeza kuti nyamanso zimauzana zinthu zofunika m’njira zovuta kumvetsa zimene anthu amadabwa nazo kwambiri. Inde, “zimalankhula,” osati pochita kutchula mawu, koma pogwedeza mbali zina zathupi lawo monga mchira, khutu, kapena pokupiza mapiko. Nthaŵi zinanso polankhulana zimalira m’njira inayake, monga kuuwa, kubangula, kapena kuyimba nyimbo monga zimachitira mbalame. Zina mwa “zinenero” zimenezi anthu amazidziŵa mosachita kuvutikira, koma zina n’zosati n’kuzidziŵa wambawamba ayi, pokhapokha utachita kufufuza mozama pogwiritsa ntchito sayansi.

Nyama Zodya Nyama Zinzake!

Panopo ndi pakati pa mwezi wa July. M’chinkhalango cha zachilengedwe chotchedwa Serengeti ku Tanzania, nyumbu zosaŵerengeka zikuloŵera chakumpoto kumene kuli nkhalango ina yaing’onopo yosungirako zinyama yotchedwa Masai Mara, ku Kenya, pofuna kumene kuli udzu wobiriŵira. Nyumbuzi zikusamuka monga zimachitira chaka n’chaka ndipo phokoso la mgugu wa mapazi ake likumveka m’chigwa chonsecho. Komabe m’njira yawoyo muli zoopsa zimene zawabisalira. Zoopsazi ndi nyama zimene zimadya nyama zinzake, monga mikango, akakwiyo, afisi, ndi akambuku. Nyumbuzo ziikanso moyo pachiswe powoloka mtsinje wa Mara womwe uli ndi ng’ona zosaneneka. Kodi nyumbuzi zimapirikitsa bwanji nyama zoopsazi?

Pofuna kusokoneza mdani wake, nyumbu imathamanga kwambiri pakamtunda kochepa ndipo kenaka imatembenuka n’kuyang’anizana ndi mdaniyo, nthaŵi yonseyi imakhala ikuyendetsa mutu wake uku ndi uku. Imajowajowa ngati kuti mutu sukuyenda bwino, ndipo mukamaonerera zimenezi simungalephere kuseka. Nyama iliyonse, ngakhale itakhala ndi nkhuli yotani, imati ikaona gule wodabwitsayu imayamba yaima kaye podabwa nazo. Koma ikachitabe khama n’kumaiyandikira, nyumbuyo imayambanso kuvina kagule kaja. Zimenezi zimasokoneza kwambiri nyamayo mwakuti guleyo akatha, siiganizanso zolimbana ndi nyumbuyo. Gule wodabwitsayu wapangitsa kuti nyumbu zizidziŵika ndi khalidwe lokonda kuchita zoseketsa m’chigwachi.

Nyama zina zing’onozing’onopo zimene zili pachibale ndi nyumbu, ndizo mbawala  ndipo n’zodziŵika ndi kudumpha kwawo kogometsa. Kwa anthu ambiri kudumpha kumeneku kumasonyeza ulemu wapadera komanso liŵiro loopsa la nyamazi. Komabe, panthaŵi yamavuto, mbawala imagwiritsa ntchito luso lake lodumpha mwadzaoneni pofuna kuti nyama yolusa ikanike kuigwira miyendo. Imadumpha m’mwamba mamita 9 ndipo nyama yolusayo imangodziŵa kuti mbawalayo ikunena kuti, “Wachepa nazo mphwanga.” Ndi zilombo zochepa chabe zimene zimayesetsa kuchita khama loti mpaka ziigwire mbawalayo basi.

Nthaŵi Yakudya Ikakwana

M’tchire nyama zambiri zimene zimadya nyama zinzake zimafunika kuti ziphunzire maluso osakira nyama kuti zizithadi kugwira nyama. Ana anyamazi ayenera kuphunzira mwatcheru makolo awo akamawasonyeza njira zosakira. M’nkhalango ina ya mu Africa, kakwiyo wina amene anam’patsa dzina loti Saba ankamuonerera akuphunzitsa ana ake maluso ofunika kuti akhale ndi moyo. Mphoyo ina inachita tsoka n’kukumanizana ndi Saba ndipo ataithamangitsa pafupifupi kwa ola limodzi, anadumpha n’kuitchingira kutsogolo kenaka n’kuigwira ndiponso n’kuikanyanga pakhosi, koma osaipha ayi. Patatha kanthaŵi pang’ono, Saba anatenga mphoyoyi imene inali wefuwefu itasokonezeka maganizo n’kuiika kutsogolo kwa ana ake. N’zodabwitsa kuti anaŵa sanathamangire kuti agwire mphoyoyo. Iwo ankadziŵa bwinobwino chifukwa chimene amayi awo anawabweretsera nyama yamoyoyo. Mayiyu amafuna kuti anawo aphunzire mmene angamaphere mphoyo. Mphoyoyo inkati ikadzambatuka kuti ithawe, anawo ankaimbwandira mosangalala zedi n’kuigwetseranso pansi. Mphoyoyo itatopa inangodziŵa kuti kwake kwatha basi. Saba anali kuonerera ali chapatali ndithu ndipo anasangalala kuona zimene ana akewo ankachita.

Nyama zina zimakonda kusokosera kwambiri zikamafunafuna chakudya. Gulu la afisi amawangamawanga likavumbulutsa nyama, limalira mokhala ngati kukalipa, kufwenthera ndiponso kuseka uku likuthamangitsa nyamayo. Gululo likapha nyamayo, afisi ena amaitanidwa kuphwandolo pomva “kuseka” kwa afisi anzawowo. Komabe sikuti afisi amachita kusaka nthaŵi zonse kuti apeze chakudya. M’tchire afisi ali m’gulu lanyama zotchuka kwambiri n’kulanda nyama imene nyama zina zolusa zapha kale poziopseza kwambiri. Akuti afisi amatha kuthamangitsa moopseza ngakhale mikango n’kuilanda phoso lawo! Kodi amatha bwanji kuchita zimenezo? Afisi ndi nyama zaphokoso, ndipo amachita zinthu zosiyanasiyana zosokoneza n’cholinga chofuna kusokoneza mikango ikamadya. Mikangoyo ikanyalanyaza phokosolo, afisiwo ndiye amachita kunyanyira ndipo amatha mantha. Posoŵa mtendere n’zochita za afisiwo, mikangoyo imangosiya nyamayo basi n’kuchokapo.

Njuchi zimafufuza chakudya m’njira yovuta kumvetsa kwambiri. Asayansi atafufuza mozama kwambiri anapeza kuti njuchi imavina pouza njuchi zinzake mu mng’oma  kumene kuli chakudya, mtundu wa chakudyacho, ngakhalenso ngati chakudyacho chili chambambande kapena ayi. Njuchi imatengako chakudya chokasonyeza zinzake zimene zili m’chisacho, monga timadzi ta m’maluŵa kapena ngayaye. Imavina pomazungulira n’kukhala ngati ikulemba 8 ndipo potero imatha kuuza zinzake kumene kuli chakudya ndiponso kuziuza mtunda umene ziyenera kuyenda kuti zikafike kumeneko. Chenjerani, chifukwatu n’kutheka kuti njuchi imene ikungoulukauluka mokuzunguliraniyo ikufuna kuti ikakafika kwawo ikauze anzake zimene yapeza painuyo. Mafuta anu onunkhirawo ingawayese chakudya choti idyenso!

Mmene Zimalankhuliranabe Kuti Zisatayane

Si nyama zambiri zimene zimalira mochititsa chidwi kwambiri ngati mkango ukamabangula usiku, kunja kuli zii. Anthu atchulapo zifukwa zingapo zimene mkango umalilira chonchi. Mkango waumuna ukamalira umachenjeza aliyense kuti adziŵiretu kuti uli chapafupi ndipo aliyense amene angapitire dala kumeneko, zimuonekerezo n’zochita kufuna dala. Komabe, pakuti mikango ndi nyama zogwirizana, nthaŵi zina mkango umangolira pofuna kulankhulana ndi mikango ya m’gulu lake imene yatalikirana nawo. Nthaŵi zambiri kulira kumeneku kumakhala koyerekeza osati kobangula kwambiri. Mkango wina anaumva ukulira usiku mphindi 15 zilizonse mpaka mkango wina wapachibale unayankha uli kutali. Mikangoyi “inalankhulitsana” kwa mphindi zina 15 mpaka pamapeto pake mikangoyi inakumana. Itakumana inasiya kulirako.

Kuyenderana kotereku kumathandiza kuti ikhale paubwenzi wabwino komanso kumateteza mikangoyi ngati kunja sikunache bwino. Nkhuku imalira  m’njira zosiyanasiyana ikamauza anapiye ake zinthu zosiyanasiyananso. Komabe, kulira kodziŵika bwino kwambiri ndiko kulira kwapansipansi, kokoka mawu kumene imalira madzulo kusonyeza kuti yabwera kunyumba kudzagona. Pomvera kulira kwa amayi awo, anapiyewo amene anamwazikana amasonkhana pansi pa mapiko a mayi wawo n’kugona usikuwo.—Mateyu 23:37.

Kupeza Mwamuna Kapena Mkazi

Kodi munayamba mwasiyapo zimene mumachita pofuna kumvetsera kulira kwa mbalame zinazake komveka mokoma zedi? Kodi simuchita chidwi ndi luso la mbalamezi poyimba nyimbo zokomazo? Koma kodi mukudziŵa kuti si kuti mbalamezi cholinga chawo chimakhala choti zikusangalatseni? Zimayimba nyimbozi n’cholinga chouza mbalame zinzake mauthenga ofunika. Ngakhale kuti nthaŵi zina mbalame zimayimba nyimbozi pofuna kusonyeza zinzake kuti amenewo ndi malo awo, izo zimaimbanso makamaka pofuna kukopa mbalame zoti zikwatirane nazo. Malingana ndi buku lotchedwa The New Book of Knowledge, “kuyimbaku sikumvekanso kwambiri” mbalame yaikazi ndi yaimuna zikapezana.

Komabe, nthaŵi zina, kanyimbo kabwino pakokha sikakwanira kuti mbalamezi zipeze mkazi kapena mwamuna. Mbalame zina zazikazi zimafuna kuti yaimunayo ipereke kaye “malowolo” zisanailole ukwati. Motero atchete akakhala pachibwenzi wammunayo amayenera kusonyeza kaye luso lake lomanga chisa chibwenzicho chisanafike pakaindeinde. Mitundu ina yambalame, imafuna kuti mbalame yaimuna izitenga chakudya n’kumadyetsa yaikazi posonyeza kuti ingathedi kusamalira banja lake.

Kulankhulana kovuta kumvetsa kwa nyama zam’tchire si kuti kumangothandiza kuti nyamazo zikhale ndi moyo komanso kumachepetsa ndewu ndiponso kumalimbikitsa mtendere m’tchiremo. Pakuti nkhani ya kulankhulana kwa nyama zam’tchireku idakali m’kati mofufuzidwabe kwambiri, zonse zokhudza “kulankhulana kwa nyama za m’tchire” kumeneku tidzazidziŵa bwino m’tsogolo muno. Ngakhale kuti sitingazimvetsetse bwinobwino, zimachititsa kuti Yehova Mulungu amene analenga nyamazi atamandidwe.

[Bokosi/Zithunzi patsamba 26]

“Mawu Osamveka” a Njovu

Madzulo ena kunja kukutentha, gulu lalikulu la njovu likuoneka kuti lafatsa popanda chilichonse cholisokoneza m’nkhalango yaikulu ya zachilengedwe yotchedwa Amboseli, ku Kenya. Koma mpweya wonse wangoti thuu chifukwa cha “kulankhulitsana kwa njovu,” mawu ena n’ngapansipansi ndipo ena n’ngokwera ndithu, abesi, omveka ngati kukuwiza, ndiponso omveka ngati kufwentha. Mawu ena otereŵa amakhala apansipansi kwambiri mwakuti munthu sangathe kumva n’komwe koma njovu zinzake zimene zili kutali ndithu zimatha kuwamva bwinobwino.

Akatswiri odziŵa za khalidwe la nyama samvetsetsabe mmene njovu zimauzirana zinthu zofunika. Joyce Poole watha zaka 20 kuno ku Africa akufufuza mmene njovu zimalankhulirana. Iye anangoti zimene anapeza n’zakuti nyama zikuluzikulu zimenezi, zomwe n’zotchuka chifukwa cha minyanga yake imene anthu sagona nayo tulo, zimaganiza mosiyana ndi nyama zambiri. Poole anati: “M’povuta kuona khalidwe lodabwitsa la njovu pamene zikulonjerana mabanja kapena magulu awo akakumananso kapena mwana akabadwa m’banja mwawo . . . popanda kuganiza kuti zimakhala ndi maganizo amene tingawatchule kuti ndi chimwemwe, kusangalala, chikondi, ubwenzi, kukondwa kopitirira muyezo, kusangalala ndi zinazake, chifundo, kukhazikika maganizo, ndiponso ulemu.”

Zikabweranso pamodzi ngati zinatayana kwa nthaŵi yaitali, kulonjerana kwawo kumasanduka chipwirikiti, chifukwa zimathamanga n’kuunjirirana pamodzi zitaloza mitu m’mwamba ndiponso zimapinda makutu n’kumawakupiza. Nthaŵi zina njovu imatha kufika mpaka poloŵetsa chitamba chake m’kamwa mwa inzake. Zimaoneka kuti malonje ameneŵa amachititsa kuti njovuzi zisangalale kwambiri, ndipo zimakhala ngati zikunena kuti, “Koma mulipo inu? Ayi ndithu ndakondwa kwambiri kuti takumananso!” Mgwirizano umenewu umayambitsanso ubwenzi womathandizana kuti njovuzi zikhalebe ndi moyo.

Njovu zimaonekanso ngati kuti n’zokonda nthabwala. Poole analongosola kuti anaonapo njovu zikunyevuka kukamwa ndipo iye anangoti ndiye kuti zikumwetulira, ndipo njovuzo zinkapukusa mitu yawo ngati kuti zamva chinachake choseketsa. Nthaŵi ina iye anayamba kuchita maseŵera ena ake amene njovuzo zinayamba kuchita nawo ndipo kwa mphindi 15 zinkachita zinthu zoseketsa zimene munthu sangayembekeze kuti njovu zingachite. Patatha zaka ziŵiri, zina mwa njovu zimene zinachita nawo maseŵerawo zimaoneka kuti “zinkamwetuliranso” iye akamachita maseŵerawo, kusonyeza kuti mwina zinakumbukira kuti zinkachitira naye limodzi maseŵerawo. Sikuti njovu zimangoseketsana zikamaseŵera kokha koma zimateronso poyeserera kulira kwa zinthu zina. Akufufuza kuti adziŵe zinthu zina, Poole anamva njovuzi zikulira mosiyana ndi mmene zimalilira nthaŵi zonse. Atamvetsera bwinobwino kulirako, anaona kuti n’kutheka kuti njovuzo zinkafanizira kulira kwa galimoto zimene zimadutsa chapafupi. Ndipo zinkachita zimenezi mongoseka basi! Mwinatu njovu zimayesetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mwayi uliwonse kuti zipeze choseketsa.

Pali nkhani zambiri zonena kuti njovu zimakhala ngati zikulira njovu ina pagulu lawo ikakumana ndi mavuto. Poole nthaŵi ina ankaonerera njovu yaikazi imene inapoloza ikutchinjiriza mwana wake wakufa kwa masiku atatu ndipo analongosola maonekedwe a njovuyo motere: “Nkhope yake” inali “yofanana ndi ya munthu wachisoni kwambiri, amene wasokonezeka maganizo: mutu ndi makutu ake anali akugwa pansi, ndipo inali yamsunamo.”

Anthu amene amapha njovu pofuna minyanga yake samayamba aganizapo kaye zakuti ana ake amasiye amene anali kuonerera amayi awo akuphedwa atsala akudwala ‘maganizo.’ Makolo awo akangofa ana ameneŵa amakhala masiku angapo ali ku malo osungirako ana amasiye a nyama zakutchire n’kumayesa kuiwalako “chisonicho.” Munthu woyang’anira njovu wina anati nthaŵi ina anamva ana a njovu amasiyeŵa “akukuwa” m’maŵa. Amathabe kukumbukira za imfa ya makolo awo ngakhale patatha zaka zingapo. Poole anati njovu zimatha kuona kuti anthu ndi amene akuchititsa kuti zizivutika chonchi. Tikudikirira nthaŵi imene anthu ndi nyama zakutchire azidzakhala pamodzi mwamtendere.—Yesaya 11:6-9.

[Chithunzi pamasamba 24, 25]

Atsekwe a m’chigawo chotchedwa Cape akulonjerana

[Chithunzi patsamba 25]

Nyumbu imavina ngati kuti mutu wake sukuyenda bwino kuti isokoneze mdani wake

[Chithunzi patsamba 25]

Fisi ndi wotchuka ndi “kuseka” kwake

[Mawu a Chithunzi]

© Joe McDonald

[Chithunzi patsamba 26]

Kuvina kwa njuchi