Dzina la Mulungu ku Denmark
Dzina la Mulungu ku Denmark
CHAKA chilichonse, alendo ambiri amene amabwera mumzinda wa Copenhagen amachita chidwi ndi dzina la Mulungu lakuti Yehova, kapena zilembo za Chiheberi zoimira dzinali, יהוה, zimene zinalembedwa pa nyumba zachifumu zakale komanso nyumba zina mumzindawu. * Mwachitsanzo, mkati mwenimweni mwa mzindawu, muli Tchalitchi cha Dockyard (Holmens Kirke) chomwe pachipata pake analembapo dzina la Mulungu m’zilembo zikuluzikulu zagolide. Dzinali lilinso mkati mwa chipatacho ndipo linalembedwa pa mwala wa chikumbutso m’chaka cha 1661.
Pafupi ndi Tchalitchi cha Dockyard pali nyumba ina yomwe imadziwika kuti Nyumba Yozungulira (Rundetårn). Pakhoma pa nyumbayi panalembedwa chiganizo cha Chilatini, ndipo m’chiganizochi muli dzina la Mulungu m’zilembo zikuluzikulu za Chiheberi. Chiganizocho chingamasuliridwe kuti: “Yehova aike mfundo zolondola ndi zachilungamo mumtima mwa Mfumu Christian Yachinayi.” Kodi chinachititsa n’chiyani kuti dzina la Mulungu litchuke chonchi ku Denmark?
Kuchoka kwa Anthu Ena mu Tchalitchi cha Katolika
Chinthu chomwe chinathandiza kwambiri kuti anthu ambiri adziwe dzina la Mulungu ndi kuchoka kwa anthu ena m’Tchalitchi cha Katolika. Anthu a ku Ulaya omwe sankagwirizana ndi mfundo za Katolika monga Martin Luther, John Calvin ndi Huldrych Zwingli anaphunzira Baibulo mozama ndiponso zilankhulo zimene Baibulo linalembedwa monga Chiheberi, Chiaramu ndi Chigiriki. Zimenezi zinawathandiza kuti adziwe bwino dzina la Mulungu. Martin Luther ananena mu ulaliki wake kuti: “Dzina limeneli, lakuti Yehova, . . . ndi la Mulungu woona yekha basi.”
Komabe, pomasulira Baibulo m’Chijeremani, Luther anatsatira zinthu zolakwika zimene anthu ambiri ankachita zomaika mawu akuti “Ambuye” kapena “Mulungu,” omwe ndi maina audindo, osati dzina lenileni la Mulungu. Kenako, Luther anapempha mnzake, dzina lake Johannes Bugenhagen, kuti amasulire Baibulo la Luther m’Chijeremani chomwe chinkalankhulidwa kumpoto kwa dziko la Germany komanso kum’mwera kwa dziko la Denmark. M’mawu oyamba a buku limene analitulutsa mu 1541 (buku loyamba analilemba mu 1533), Bugenhagen anatchula dzina la Mulungu m’malo ambiri. Ndipo analembanso mawu akuti: “Yehova ndi dzina lopatulika la Mulungu.”
Mu 1604, mnyamata wina dzina lake Hans Paulsen Resen, yemwe ankaphunzira za chipembedzo, anauza Mfumu Christian Yachinayi kuti Baibulo la Chidanishi la Luther linali ndi zolakwika. Choncho, Resen anapempha kuti apatsidwe chilolezo chomasulira Baibulo kuchoka ku Chigiriki ndi Chiheberi choyambirira. Iye analoledwa kutero. M’mawu ake ofotokoza Genesis 2:4, Resen ananena kuti “Yehova” ndi “Wamkulu kuposa aliyense, iye ndi Mbuye.” *
Anthu ambiri atadziwa dzina la Mulungu, anayamba kulilemba pa zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, mu 1624, Hans Paulsen Resen atasankhidwa kukhala bishopu, analamula kuti kutchalitchi cha ku Bronshoj kuikidwe mwala wa chikumbutso. Pamwamba pa mwalawu analembapo m’zilembo za golide dzina la Mulungu lakuti Yehova m’Chidanishi. Komanso panthawi yomwe Resen anali bishopu, nthawi zambiri ankati akalemba zinthu ankaika mawu akuti “Yehova amaona,” kumapeto kwa siginecha yake.
Kumapeto kwa zaka za m’ma 1700, Baibulo la Chijeremani lomasuliridwa ndi Johann David Michaelis linasindikizidwa m’Chidanishi. Baibulo limenelinso lili ndi dzina lenileni la Mulungu m’malo ambiri. Ndipo m’zaka za m’ma 1800, womasulira Baibulo wina dzina lake Christian Kalkar ndi anzake anaika dzina la Mulungu m’malo ambiri amene dzinali linkapezeka m’zinenero zoyambirira. Kenako mu 1985, Mboni za Yehova zinatulutsa Baibulo la New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures m’Chidanishi. Anthu okonda Baibulo anasangalala kwambiri kuona dzina lakuti Yehova litalembedwa m’malo oposa 7,000.
Popemphera kwa Mulungu, Yesu Khristu ananena kuti: “Dzina lanu ndalidziwitsa kwa anthu.” (Yohane 17:6) Ndipo m’pemphero lake lachitsanzo, lomwe limadziwikanso kuti Pemphero la Atate, Yesu anati: “Dzina lanu liyeretsedwe.” (Mateyo 6:9) Monga mmene nkhani yokhudza chipembedzo ku Denmark ikusonyezera, anthu ambiri akuyesetsa kutsatira mfundo imeneyi.
[Mawu a M’munsi]
^ ndime 2 Zilembo zinayi zimenezi ndi makonsonanti okhaokha, ndipo amaziwerenga kuchokera kumanja kupita kumanzere. Zimathanso kulembedwa chonchi YHWH kapena chonchi JHVH. Kale, anthu akamawerenga zilembo zimenezi ankaikamo mavawelo, ngati mmene anthu amachitira masiku ano akamawerenga zilembo zoimira dzina linalake.
^ ndime 7 M’zinenero zoyambirira zimene Baibulo linalembedwa, dzina lenileni la Mulungu limapezeka koyamba palemba la Genesis 2:4. Dzinalo, lomwe limapezeka nthawi zoposa 7,000 m’zinenero zoyambirirazi, limatanthauza “Amachititsa Kukhala.” Ndipo zimenezi zimasonyeza kuti nthawi zonse Yehova amakwaniritsa zolinga zake. Chilichonse chimene wanena chimachitika.
[Bokosi/Chithunzi patsamba 25]
TYCHO BRAHE ANKADZIWA DZINA LA MULUNGU
Mu 1597, wasayansi wina wotchuka wa ku Denmark, dzina lake Tycho Brahe, anachoka m’dziko lake atasemphana maganizo ndi akuluakulu a dzikolo komanso Mfumu Christian Yachinayi. M’ndakatulo yake imene anailemba pochoka m’dzikolo, Brahe anati: “Kumene ndikupitako anthu osawadziwa akandichitira zabwino, chifukwa zimenezi ndi zimene Yehova amafuna.”
[Chithunzi pamasamba 24, 25]
Chipata cha Tchalitchi cha Dockyard
[Chithunzi pamasamba 24, 25]
Nyumba Yozungulira
[Chithunzi patsamba 25]
Hans Paulsen Resen
[Chithunzi patsamba 25]
Johannes Bugenhagen anaika dzina la Mulungu m’mawu oyamba a Baibulo la Luther limene iye analimasulira m’Chijeremani mu 1541
[Mawu a Chithunzi patsamba 25]
Hans Paulsen Resen and Tycho Brahe: Kobberstiksamlingen, Det Kongelige Bibliotek, København