N DEGE ikamauluka, kunsonga kwa mapiko ake kumapangitsa kuti pazikhala mphepo yambiri yomwe imangozungulira pamalo amodzi. Zimenezi zimapangitsa kuti ndege izilimbana ndi mphepo, zomwe zimachititsanso kuti izimwa mafuta ambiri. Komanso ndege zomwe zikubwera m’mbuyo mwake, zimalimbananso ndi mphepoyo. Choncho pofuna kupewa zimenezi, ndege zimene zikunyamukira pabwalo limodzi zimafunika kupatsana mpata.

Akatswiri opanga ndege anatulukira njira yomwe ikuthandiza kuthetsa vutoli. Anapanga ndege zokhala ndi mapiko a nsonga zopindikira m’mwamba. Iwo anachita zimenezi potengera mapiko a mbalame, monga nkhwazi, zomwe sizikupiza mapiko pouluka.

Taganizirani izi: Mbalame zosakupiza mapikozi zikamauluka, nthenga zakunsonga kwa mapiko ake zimapindikira m’mwamba. Zimenezi zimathandiza kuti ziziuluka m’mwamba kwambiri, zisamathe malo komanso kuti ziziuluka bwino. Akatswiri opanga ndege apanganso ndege za mapiko ofanana ndi mmene mapiko a mbalamezi amaonekera zikamauluka. Anapeza kuti mapiko a ndege zoterezi akakhala kuti anapindidwa bwino ndipo woyendetsa wake akuiyendetsa mogwirizana ndi mmene mphepo ikuyendera, ndegeyo imayenda bwino kwambiri komanso mofulumira. Zili choncho chifukwa mapiko okhala ndi nsonga zopindikira m’mwamba amathandiza kuti ndege isamalimbane ndi mphepo ndiponso kuti isamamwe mafuta ambiri. Komanso malinga ndi zomwe buku lina linanena, mapiko a mtunduwu amathandiza “kupanga njira yoti ndege iziuluka mosavuta.”—Encyclopedia of Flight.

Choncho mapiko okhala ndi nsonga zopindikira m’mwamba amathandiza kuti ndege ziziuluka m’mwamba, zizitha kunyamula katundu wambiri, zisamamwe mafuta ambiri komanso zizikhala ndi mapiko aafupi, zomwe zimathandiza kuti zisamathe malo zikaima. Bungwe la NASA linanena kuti m’chaka cha 2010, ndege zoterezi zinathandiza kupulumutsa malita okwana 7,600 miliyoni a mafuta padziko lonse. Zimenezi zinachepetsanso mpweya woipa womwe umapita m’mlengalenga ndege zikamauluka.

Kodi inuyo mukuganiza bwanji? Kodi zinangochitika zokha kuti mbalame zina zikhale ndi mapiko opindikira m’mwamba, kapena pali winawake amene anazilenga?