Mu Utumiki Wathu wa Ufumu * wa December 1937 munali nkhani yakuti: “Ofalitsa a ku Britain Galamukani!” Nkhaniyi inali ndi kamutu kakang’ono kakuti: “Pa Zaka 10 Zapitazi Chiwerengero Sichinakwere.” Patsamba loyamba panali lipoti la zimene ofalitsa anachita pa zaka 10, kuyambira mu 1928 kufika mu 1937. Lipotili linasonyeza kuti chiwerengero sichinakweredi.

Kodi n’chiyani chinachititsa kuti ntchito yolalikira isamayende bwino ku Britain? Ndi chifukwa choti mipingo sinkafuna kusintha. M’malomwake inkangochita zinthu motsatira zimene zinkachitika zaka zambiri m’mbuyomo. Komanso chifukwa china chinali choti ofesi ya nthambi ya m’dzikolo inanena kuti pakufunika apainiya okwana 200 okha oti azikatumikira m’magawo akutali osati m’mipingo. Ofesiyo inauza anthu ofuna kuchita upainiya kuti ngati akufuna angakatumikire m’mayiko ena a ku Europe. Choncho apainiya ambiri anasamuka ku Britain n’kupita kumayiko monga France ngakhale kuti sankadziwa bwino chilankhulo chakumeneko.

Utumiki wa Ufumu wa 1937 uja unalimbikitsa abale ndi alongo a ku Britain kuti akwanitse maola 1 miliyoni mu 1938. Kuti izi zitheke, ofalitsa ankayenera kulalikira maola 15 pa mwezi ndipo apainiya maola 110. Anakonza masiku oti ofalitsa azilowa mu utumiki m’timagulu ndipo azilalikira kwa maola 5 patsiku. Anawalimbikitsanso kuti azichita maulendo obwereza makamaka madzulo mkati mwa mlungu.

Anthu ambiri anasangalala ndi zimenezi. Mlongo wina dzina lake Hilda Padgett * anati: “Zinali zosangalatsa chifukwa ambirife tinkalakalaka ofesi ya nthambi itatilimbikitsa kuchita zimenezi. Zitayambika, zinthu zinayamba kuyenda bwino kwambiri.” Mlongo Wallis anati: “Anachita bwino kunena kuti tizilalikira maola 5 pa tsiku. Kunena zoona, kugwira ntchito ya Ambuye kwa nthawi yambiri pa tsiku kunkasangalatsa. Tinkabwerako titatopa koma tikusangalala kwambiri.” Mnyamata wina dzina lake Stephen Miller anasangalalanso atamva zoti pakufunika kuti ayambirenso kulalikira mwakhama. Iye ankaona kuti ali ndi mpata wochita zimenezi. M’baleyu amakumbukira kuti magulu a ofalitsa ankayenda pa njinga n’kumalalikira tsiku lonse ndipo madzulo ankathandiza anthu kuti amvetsere nkhani zojambulidwa. Iwo ankalalikiranso pogwiritsa ntchito zikwangwani ndi magazini.

Mu Utumiki wa Ufumu uja munalinso pempho lakuti: “Pakufunika apainiya okwana 1,000.” Anakonzanso zoti apainiya azitumikira limodzi ndi mipingo osati m’magawo akutali kuti azilimbikitsa mipingoyo. Mlongo wina dzina lake Joyce Ellis amakumbukira kuti: “Abale ambiri anagalamukadi moti anaganiza zoyamba upainiya. Ngakhale kuti pa nthawiyi ndinali ndi zaka 13 zokha, nanenso ndinkafuna kuchita  upaniniya.” Mlongoyu anakwanitsadi cholinga chakechi moti anayamba upainiya mu July 1940 ali ndi zaka 15. M’bale Peter amene anadzakwatirana ndi Joyce nayenso anachita zimene Utumiki wa Ufumu uja unanena ndipo anayamba kuganiza zochita upainiya.” Mu June 1940, ali ndi zaka 17, anapalasa njinga makilomita 105 kupita ku Scarborough kuti azikachita upainiya kumeneko.

M’bale ndi Mlongo Johnson ndi zitsanzo zabwino za apainiya amene anasonyeza kudzimana. Iwo anagulitsa nyumba ndi katundu wawo. Kenako M’bale Johnson anasiya ntchito ndipo patatha mwezi umodzi banjali linayamba kuchita upainiya. M’bale Johnson anati: “Tinkafunitsitsa kuchita upainiya ndipo tinachita izi ndi mtima wonse komanso mosangalala.”

Chiwerengero cha apainiya chitayamba kukwera, abale anaganiza kuti papezeke njira zowathandizira. Mu 1938 M’bale Jim Carr amene anali mtumiki wadera, anatsatira malangizo akuti apeze nyumba m’mizinda zoti apainiya azikhalako. Panakonzedwa zoti apainiya angapo azikhala limodzi n’cholinga choti azigwiritsa ntchito ndalama zochepa. Mwachitsanzo, anapeza nyumba yaikulu mumzinda wa Sheffield ndipo anasankha m’bale wina kuti aziyang’anira nyumbayi. Mpingo wakuderali unapereka ndalama komanso katundu wa m’nyumba woti apainiyawo azigwiritsa ntchito. M’bale Jim anati: “Aliyense ankathandiza kuti zinthu ziziyenda bwino.” M’nyumbayi munkakhala apaniya 10 ndipo ankaonetsetsa kuti akuchita zonse zokhudza kulambira. M’mawa uliwonse ankachita lemba la tsiku komanso ankalowa mu utumiki tsiku ndi tsiku.

Ofalitsa komanso apainiya anatsatira malangizo a mu Utumiki wa Ufumu ndipo mu 1938 anakwanitsadi maola 1 miliyoni. Malipoti amasonyeza kuti chiwerengero cha mbali iliyonse ya utumiki chinawonjezeka. Komanso m’zaka 5 zokha, chiwerengero cha ofalitsa chinawonjezeka katatu. Khama limene anthuwa anasonyeza pa ntchito ya Ufumu linawathandiza kukonzekera mavuto amene anakumana nawo m’nthawi ya nkhondo.

Panopa, ku Britain chiwerengero cha apainiya chikuwonjezekanso. Izi zikuchitika pamene nkhondo ya Aramagedo ikuyandikiranso. Chiwerengerochi chakhala chikuwonjezeka pa zaka 10 zapitazi. Ndipo mu October 2015 kunali apainiya okwana 13,224. Apainiyawa amalalikira mwakhama ndipo amaona kuti kuchita utumiki wa nthawi zonse n’kofunika kwambiri.