Mawu a Yehova Ndi Amoyo

Mfundo Zazikulu za M’buku la Hoseya

KULAMBIRA koona kunali kutatsala pang’ono kutha mu ufumu wakumpoto wa mafuko khumi wa Isiraeli. Panthawi yomwe Yerobiamu wachiwiri anali mfumu, chuma chinali kuyenda bwino m’dziko la Isiraeli, koma iye atangofa chumacho chinayamba kutha. M’dzikolo munayamba zipolowe ndiponso kusamvana pandale. Mafumu anayi mwa mafumu 6 omwe anabwera pambuyo pake anaphedwa. (2 Mafumu 14:29; 15:8-30; 17:1-6) Ntchito yauneneri ya Hoseya ya zaka 59 yomwe inayamba mu 804 B.C.E., inafika mpaka mu nthawi ya mavuto imeneyi.

Mmene Yehova ankamvera mu mtima mwake chifukwa cha kupanduka kwa mtundu wa Isiraeli, zinasonyezedwa bwino ndi zochitika za mu ukwati wa Hoseya. Uthenga wa Hoseya kwenikweni unali wonena za zolakwa za ufumu wa Isiraeli ndiponso chilango chomwe ufumuwo, pamodzi ndi ufumu wa Yuda, unali kudzalandira. Polemba zonsezi m’buku, lomwe limadziwika ndi dzina lake, Hoseya anagwiritsa ntchito mawu abwino koma amphamvu ndiponso osapita m’mbali. Popeza kuti buku lake ndi mbali ya mawu ouziridwa a Mulungu, uthenga wake ndi wamoyo ndiponso wamphamvu.​—Aheberi 4:12.

“UDZITENGERE MKAZI WACHIGOLOLO”

(Hoseya 1:1–3:5)

Yehova anauza Hoseya kuti: “Muka, udzitengere mkazi wachigololo.” (Hoseya 1:2) Hoseya anamvera ndipo atatenga Gomeri anabala mwana wamwamuna. Kenako Gomeri anabereka ana ena awiri, omwe zikuoneka kuti anali a amuna ena. Matanthauzo a mayina a ana awiriwo anali “wosachitidwa chifundo” ndiponso “si anthu anga.” Mayinawa amasonyeza kuti Yehova anasiya kuchitira chifundo Isiraeli ndiponso anakana anthu ake osakhulupirika.

Kodi Yehova anamva bwanji ataona kuti anthu ake apanduka? Iye anauza Hoseya kuti: “Mukanso, konda mkazi wokondedwa ndi bwenzi lake, koma wakuchita chigololo, monga Yehova akonda ana a Isiraeli, angakhale atembenukira ku milungu ina.”​—Hoseya 3:1.

Kuyankha Mafunso a M’Malemba:

1:1​—Kodi n’chifukwa chiyani Hoseya anatchula mafumu onse anayi omwe analamulira ku Yuda panthawi ya uneneri wake pamene anangotchula mfumu imodzi yokha yomwe inalamulira Isiraeli? Chifukwa chakuti mafumu obadwira m’fuko la Davide okha ndi amene ankatengedwa kuti ndiwo mafumu enieni a anthu osankhika a Mulungu. Mafumu a ufumu wakumpoto sanali obadwira m’fuko la Davide koma mafumu a Yuda anali a m’fuko la Davide.

1:2-9​—Kodi Hoseya anatengadi mkazi wachigololo? Inde, Hoseya anakwatira mkazi amene anadzakhala wachigololo. Mneneriyu sananene chilichonse chosonyeza kuti zomwe ananena zokhudza banja lake zinali maloto kapena masomphenya.

1:7​—Kodi ndi liti pamene Yehova anachitira chifundo ndiponso kupulumutsa nyumba ya Yuda? Zimenezi zinachitika mu 732 B.C.E., m’masiku a Mfumu Hezekiya. Panthawi imeneyo, Yehova analanditsa Yerusalemu kwa Asuri potumiza mngelo wake kukapha asilikali 185,000 usiku umodzi wokha.  (2 Mafumu 19:34, 35) Motero, Yehova anapulumutsa Yuda ‘osati ndi uta, kapena lupanga, kapena nkhondo ndi akavalo, kapena apakavalo,’ koma ndi mngelo.

1:10, 11​—Popeza kuti ufumu wakumpoto wa Isiraeli unagwa mu 740 B.C.E., kodi ana a Isiraeli ‘anasonkhanitsidwa pamodzi’ bwanji ndi ana a Yuda? Anthu ambiri a muufumu wakumpoto anali atapita ku Yuda, anthu a ku Yudako asanatengedwere ku ukapolo ku Babulo mu 607 B.C.E. (2 Mbiri 11:13-17; 30:6-12, 18-20, 25) Ayudawo pobwerera kwawo mu 537 B.C.E., anabwerera pamodzi ndi ana a anthu amene anachokera ku ufumu wakumpoto wa Isiraeli.​—Ezara 2:70.

2:21-23​—Kodi Yehova ananeneratu za chiyani pamene anati: ‘Ndidzadzibzalira iye [Yezreeli] m’nthaka, ndipo ndidzam’chitira chifundo’? Dzina la mwana woyamba wa Hoseya ndi Gomeri linali Yezreeli. (Hoseya 1:2-4) Tanthauzo la dzina la Yezreeli lakuti ‘Mulungu adzadzibzalira’ mbewu linakwaniritsidwa pamene Yehova anasonkhanitsa otsalira okhulupirika mu 537 B.C.E., ndi kuwabzala ku Yuda ngati mbewu m’nthaka. Dziko lomwe linali labwinja kwa zaka 70 linayenera kuyambanso kutulutsa mbewu, vinyo wotsekemera ndiponso mafuta. Ulosiwu umafotokoza mwandakatulo kuti, zinthu zabwino zimenezi zidzapempha dziko lapansi kuti litulutse chonde chake, ndipo dziko lapansi nalonso lidzapempha kumwamba kuti kuvumbitse mvula. Kumwamba nakonso kudzapempha Mulungu kuti apange mitambo yamvula. Zonsezi cholinga chake chinali kusamalira bwino anthu otsalira omwe anabwerera kwawo. Mtumwi Paulo ndi mtumwi Petulo anagwiritsa ntchito Hoseya 2:23 kunena za kusonkhanitsidwa kwa otsalira a Isiraeli wauzimu.​—Aroma 9:25, 26; 1 Petulo 2:10.

Zimene Tikuphunzirapo:

1:2-9; 3:1, 2. Mwa kupirira mu ukwati wake, Hoseya anadzipereka kwambiri kuti achite zimene Mulungu anafuna. Pochita zimene Mulungu akufuna, kodi ifeyo timadzipereka mpaka pati?

1:6-9. Yehova amadana ndi chigololo chauzimu, monga mmenenso amadanirana ndi chigololo chakuthupi.

1:7, 10, 11; 2:14-23. Zimene Yehova analosera za Isiraeli ndi Yuda zinakwaniritsidwa. Chilichonse chimene Yehova wanena chimachitika.

2:16, 19, 21-23; 3:1-4. Yehova ndi wokonzeka kukhululukira aliyense amene walapa ndi mtima wonse. (Nehemiya 9:17) Nafenso tiyenera kutengera Yehova pokhala okhululuka ndi achifundo.

“YEHOVA ALI NDI MLANDU”

(Hoseya 4:1–13:16)

“Yehova ali ndi mlandu ndi okhala m’dziko.” Chifukwa chiyani? Chifukwa chakuti  “palibe choonadi, kapena chifundo, kapena kudziwa Mulungu m’dziko.” (Hoseya 4:1) Anthu opanduka a ku Isiraeli anayamba zachinyengo ndiponso kuphana ndipo ankachita chigololo chauzimu ndi chakuthupi. M’malo mopempha thandizo kwa Mulungu, iwo ‘ankaitanira kwa Aigupto, ndi kumuka kwa Asuri.’​—Hoseya 7:11.

Yehova analengeza zowawononga kuti: “Isiraeli wamezedwa.” (Hoseya 8:8) Ufumu wa Yuda nawonso unali ndi mlandu. Lemba la Hoseya 12:2, limati: “Yehova ali ndi mlandu ndi Yuda, nadzalanga Yakobo monga mwa njira zake, adzam’bwezera monga mwa machitidwe ake.” Koma Mulungu sanawatayiretu, iye anawalonjeza kuti: “Ndidzawawombola ku mphamvu ya kumanda, ndidzawawombola ku imfa.”​—Hoseya 13:14.

Kuyankha Mafunso a M’Malemba:

6:1-3​—Kodi ndani ananena kuti: “Tiyeni, tibwerere kumka kwa Yehova”? Mwina Aisiraeli osakhulupirikawo ndi amene anali kulimbikitsana kuti abwerere kwa Yehova. Koma ngati zimenezi n’zoona, kulapa kwawo kunali kwachiphamaso. Kukoma mtima kwawo kunali kwa kanthawi ngati “mtambo wam’mawa ndi . . . mame akuthawa mamawa.” (Hoseya 6:4) N’kuthekanso kuti Hoseya ndi amene anali kuchonderera anthu kuti abwerere kwa Yehova. Mulimonse mmene zinalili, anthu opanduka a mu ufumu wa mafuko khumi wa Isiraeli anafunikira kulapadi n’kubwerera kwa Yehova.

7:4​—Kodi n’chifukwa chiyani Aisiraeli achigololowo anayerekezeredwa ndi ‘ng’anjo imene inatenthetsedwa’? Fanizoli linasonyeza kukula kwa zinthu zoipa zimene zinali m’mitima yawo.

Zimene Tikuphunzirapo:

4:1, 6. Kuti Yehova atiyanje, tiyenera kupitiriza kuphunzira za iye ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zimene tikuphunzirazo.

4:9-13. Yehova adzalanga anthu amene amachita chiwerewere ndiponso amene kulambira kwawo n’kodetsa.​—Hoseya 1:4.

5:1. Anthu amene amatsogolera m’gulu la Yehova ayenera kukaniratu mpatuko. Ngati satero, angachititse anthu ena kuti ayambe kulambira konyenga ndipo angakhale ‘msampha ndi ukonde’ kwa anthuwo.

6:1-4; 7:14, 16. Kulapa ndi mawu okha n’chinyengo ndipo n’kopanda phindu. Kuti Mulungu achitire chifundo munthu wolakwa, munthuyo ayenera kulapa kuchokera pansi pa mtima, ndipo zimenezi zimaoneka ngati iye wabwerera kwa “Wam’mwambayo,” kapena kuti ku kulambira kokwezeka. Zochita zake ziyenera kugwirizana ndi mfundo zapamwamba za Mulungu za makhalidwe abwino.​—Hoseya 7:16.

6:6. Kuchita tchimo mobwerezabwereza kumasonyeza kuti munthuyo sakonda kwambiri Mulungu. Nsembe zauzimu, kaya zikhale zochuluka bwanji sizingafafanize machimo ake.

8:7, 13;10:13. Mfundo yakuti “chilichonse chimene munthu wafesa, adzakololanso chomwecho” inali yoona kwa Aisiraeli opembedza mafano.​—Agalatiya 6:7.

8:8; 9:17; 13:16. Ulosi wonena za ufumu wakumpoto unakwaniritsidwa pamene likulu lake, lomwe linali Samariya, linagonjetsedwa ndi Asuri. (2 Mafumu 17:3-6) Tingakhale ndi chikhulupiriro chakuti Mulungu adzachita zimene wanena.​—Numeri 23:19.

8:14. Yehova anatumizira “midzi [ya Yuda] moto” mu 607 B.C.E. pogwiritsa ntchito Ababulo, ndipo anawononga Yerusalemu ndi dziko la Yuda monga mmene zinanenedweratu. (2 Mbiri 36:19) Zonse zimene Mulungu amanena sizingalephere.​—Yoswa 23:14.

9:10. Ngakhale kuti Aisiraeli anadzipereka kwa Mulungu woona, iwo “anadza kwa Baala Peori, nadzipatulira chonyansacho.” Ifeyo tingachite bwino kuphunzirapo  kanthu pachitsanzo chawo choipa. Tisachite chilichonse chomwe chingasokoneze kudzipereka kwathu kwa Yehova.​—1 Akorinto 10:11.

10:1, 2, 12. Sitiyenera kulambira Mulungu mwachinyengo. ‘Tikadzibzalira m’chilungamo timakolola monga mwa chifundo cha Mulungu.’

10:5. Dzina lakuti Betaveni (lomwe limatanthauza “Nyumba ya Zopweteka”) ndi mawu onyoza a Beteli (omwe amatanthauza “Nyumba ya Mulungu”). Fano la mwana wa ng’ombe wa ku Betaveni litatengedwera kwa Asuri, anthu a ku Samariya anamva chisoni chifukwa chotaya chimene ankalambira. N’kupanda nzeru kwambiri kukhulupirira chinthu chopanda moyo chomwe sichingathe ngakhale kudziteteza chokha.​—Salmo 135:15-18; Yeremiya 10:3-5.

11:1-4. Yehova nthawi zonse amachita zinthu mwachikondi ndi anthu ake. Mulungu satipondereza tikamamugonjera.

11:8-11; 13:14. Mawu a Yehova onena za kubwezeretsedwa kwa kulambira koona kwa anthu ake ‘sanabwerere kwa Iye chabe.’ (Yesaya 55:11) Mu 537 B.C.E., Ayuda anamasulidwa ku ukapolo ku Babulo ndipo ena anabwerera ku Yerusalemu. (Ezara 2:1; 3:1-3) Ndithudi zonse zimene Yehova ananena kudzera mwa aneneri ake zidzachitika.

12:6. Tiyenera kuyesetsa kwambiri kusonyeza chifundo, kuchita chilungamo ndiponso kuyembekeza Yehova kosalekeza.

13:6. Aisiraeli ‘anakhuta, ndipo mtima wawo unakwezeka; n’chifukwa chake anaiwala [Yehova].’ Tiyenera kupeweratu chizolowezi chilichonse chodzikweza.

“NJIRA ZA YEHOVA ZILI ZOONGOKA”

(Hoseya 14:1-9)

Hoseya anachonderera kuti: “Isiraeli, bwerera kumka kwa Yehova Mulungu wako; pakuti wagwa mwa mphulupulu yako.” Iye analimbikitsa anthuwo kuuza Yehova kuti: “Chotsani mphulupulu zonse, nimulandire chokoma; ndipo tidzapereka mawu milomo yathu ngati ng’ombe.”​—Hoseya 14:1-2.

Munthu wolakwa yemwe walapa ayenera kubwerera kwa Yehova, kuyamba kutsatira njira zake ndiponso kupereka nsembe zotamanda Mulungu. Chifukwa chiyani? Chifukwa chakuti “njira za Yehova zili zoongoka; ndipo olungama adzayendamo.” (Hoseya 14:9) N’zosangalatsa kwabasi kuti anthu ambiri “adzafika ndi mantha kwa Yehova, ndi ku ukoma wake masiku otsiriza.”​—Hoseya 3:5.

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Banja la Hoseya linasonyeza zochita za Yehova ndi Isiraeli

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Mzinda wa Samariya utagonjetsedwa mu 740 B.C.E., ufumu wa mafuko khumi wa Isiraeli unatha