1-3. Kodi Yesu anadyetsa bwanji anthu ambiri pafupi ndi ku Betsaida? (Onani chithunzi chimene chili pamwambapa.)

PASIKA wa mu 32 C.E. atayandikira, Yesu ndi ophunzira ake anapita kumalo ena opanda anthu. Malowa anali pafupi ndi mudzi wa Betsaida, womwe unali m’mphepete mwa nyanja ya Galileya. Ndiyeno khamu la amuna 5,000 komanso akazi ndi ana linasonkhana pamalowo.—Werengani Mateyu 14:14-21.

² Yesu ataona anthuwo, anawamvera chisoni kwambiri ndipo anayamba kuchiritsa odwala komanso kuwaphunzitsa zinthu zambiri zokhudza Ufumu wa Mulungu. Ndiyeno chakumadzulo, ophunzirawo anapempha Yesu kuti auze anthuwo kuti azipita kukagula zakudya kumidzi yapafupi. Koma Yesu anauza ophunzira akewo kuti: “Inuyo muwapatse chakudya.” Ophunzirawo atamva zimenezi, ayenera kuti anadabwa kwambiri. Iwo anali ndi mitanda 5 ya mkate ndi tinsomba tiwiri tokha basi.

³ Chifukwa chomvera chisoni khamulo, Yesu anachita chozizwitsa. Ndi chozizwitsa chokhachi chimene chinalembedwa ndi anthu onse 4 amene analemba mabuku a Uthenga Wabwino. (Maliko 6:35-44; Luka 9:10-17; Yoh. 6:1-13) Yesu anapempha ophunzira ake kuti auze khamulo kuti likhale pa udzu wobiriwira m’magulu a anthu 50 ndiponso anthu 100. Ndiyeno atapempha dalitso, ananyemanyema mikateyo n’kuduladula nsombazo. Koma m’malo mopereka yekha kwa anthuwo, Yesu anapereka kwa ‘ophunzira ake kuti apereke kwa anthuwo.’ Zinali zodabwitsa kuti chakudyacho chinakwanira bwinobwino ndipo china chinatsala. Ndiye tangoganizani. Yesu anadyetsa anthu masauzande ambiri kudzera mwa ophunzira ake ochepa. *

4. (a) Kodi Yesu ankaona kuti chakudya chofunika kwambiri ndi chiti, ndipo n’chifukwa chiyani? (b) Kodi m’nkhani ino komanso yotsatira tikambirana chiyani?

⁴ Komabe, Yesu ankaona kuti kuwapatsa chakudya  chauzimu n’kumene kunali kofunika kwambiri. Iye ankadziwa kuti kuphunzira mfundo zoona za m’Mawu a Mulungu kungawathandize kuti apeze moyo wosatha. (Yoh. 6:26, 27; 17:3) Mtima wachifundo umene unamuchititsa kudyetsa khamulo, unamulimbikitsanso kuti aziphunzitsa otsatira ake kwa maola ambiri. (Maliko 6:34) Koma Yesu ankadziwa kuti sakhalitsa padzikoli chifukwa adzabwerera kumwamba. (Mat. 16:21; Yoh. 14:12) Ndiyeno kodi Yesu ali kumwambako akanadyetsa bwanji otsatira ake? Iye akanadyetsanso anthu ambiri kudzera mwa anthu ochepa ngati mmene anachitira podyetsa khamu lija. Koma kodi anthu ochepawo ndi ndani? Tiyeni tione mmene Yesu ankadyetsera anthu ambiri kudzera mwa anthu ochepa m’nthawi ya atumwi. Ndiyeno m’nkhani yotsatira tidzakambirana funso lofunika kwambiri kwa ifeyo. Funso lake ndi lakuti: Kodi tingadziwe bwanji anthu ochepa amene Khristu akuwagwiritsa ntchito masiku ano potidyetsa?

5, 6. (a) Kodi Yesu anachita zotani pofuna kuti otsatira ake azidyetsedwa bwino mwauzimu iye akadzamwalira? (b) Kodi Yesu anathandiza bwanji atumwi ake kuti adzagwire ntchito yofunika kwambiri iye akadzamwalira?

⁵ Bambo wabwino amakonzeratu zoti akadzamwalira, banja lake lisadzavutike. N’chimodzimodzinso ndi Yesu amene anadzakhala Mutu wa mpingo. Iye anakonzeratu zoti otsatira ake azidzasamaliridwa mwauzimu iye akadzamwalira. (Aef. 1:22) Mwachitsanzo, patatsala zaka pafupifupi ziwiri kuti aphedwe, Yesu anachita chinthu chofunika kwambiri. Iye anasankha anthu oyambirira amene anakhala m’gulu la ochepa omwe ankawagwiritsa ntchito podyetsa anthu ambiri. Taganizirani zimene zinachitika.

⁶ Yesu atapemphera usiku wonse, anaitana ophunzira ake n’kusankhapo atumwi 12. (Luka 6:12-16) Kwa zaka ziwiri zotsatira, iye ankakhala kwambiri ndi atumwiwa ndipo ankawaphunzitsa ndi mawu komanso zochita zake. Yesu ankadziwa kuti atumwiwo akufunika kuphunzira zambiri, ndipo iwo ankadziwikabe kuti “ophunzira.” (Mat. 11:1; 20:17) Iye anawaphunzitsa kwambiri mu utumiki komanso ankawapatsa malangizo ndi uphungu. (Mat. 10:1-42; 20:20-23; Luka 8:1; 9:52-55) N’zodziwikiratu kuti ankawathandiza kuti adzagwire ntchito yofunika kwambiri iye akadzamwalira n’kubwerera kumwamba.

7. Kodi Yesu anatchula mfundo iti imene ingatithandize kudziwa ntchito yofunika kwambiri ya atumwi?

⁷ Kodi atumwiwo anafunika kugwira ntchito yotani? Pofika pa Pentekosite mu 33 C.E., zinkadziwikiratu kuti atumwi adzakhala ndi ‘udindo woyang’anira.’ (Mac. 1:20) Komano kodi ntchito yawo yaikulu ikanakhala yotani? Yesu ataukitsidwa, anauza mtumwi Petulo mfundo imene ingatithandize kudziwa yankho la funsoli. (Werengani Yohane 21:1, 2, 15-17.) Yesu anauza Petulo pamaso pa atumwi ena kuti: “Dyetsa ana a nkhosa anga.” Pamenepa Yesu anasonyeza kuti atumwi ake adzakhala m’gulu la anthu ochepa amene adzawagwiritse ntchito podyetsa mwauzimu anthu ambiri. Zimenezi zikusonyeza bwino kuti Yesu amakonda kwambiri “ana a nkhosa” ake. *

8. Kodi pa Pentekosite, Akhristu atsopano anasonyeza bwanji kuti ankadziwa bwino anthu amene Khristu anali kuwagwiritsa ntchito podyetsa ophunzira ake?

⁸ Khristu ataukitsidwa, ankagwiritsa ntchito atumwi podyetsa ophunzira ake odzozedwa. Izi zinayamba pa Pentekosite mu 33 C.E. (Werengani Machitidwe 2:41, 42.) Ayuda ndiponso anthu olowa Chiyuda, omwe anadzozedwa pa tsikulo, ankadziwa bwino zimenezi. Iwo “anapitiriza kulabadira zimene atumwiwo anali kuphunzitsa.” Katswiri wina  ananena kuti mawu achigiriki amene anawamasulira kuti “anapitiriza kulabadira,” angatanthauzenso kuti “sankafuna ngakhale pang’ono kusiya zimene anayamba kuchita.” Akhristu atsopanowa ankafunitsitsa kuphunzira Mawu a Mulungu ndipo ankadziwa anthu amene angawaphunzitse. Iwo ankadalira atumwi ndi mtima wonse kuti awaphunzitse za Yesu ndiponso awathandize kumvetsa bwino malemba onena za iye. *—Mac. 2:22-36.

9. Kodi atumwi anasonyeza bwanji kuti anapitiriza kuona kuti udindo wawo wodyetsa nkhosa za Yesu ndi wofunika kwambiri?

⁹ Atumwi anapitiriza kuona kuti udindo wawo wodyetsa nkhosa za Yesu ndi wofunika kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, onani zimene anachita kuti athetse nkhani yovuta yomwe ikanasokoneza mpingo umene unali utangoyamba kumene. N’zochititsa chidwi kuti nkhani yake inalinso yokhudza chakudya. Akazi amasiye olankhula Chigiriki ankanyalanyazidwa pa kagawidwe ka chakudya cha tsiku ndi tsiku, koma olankhula Chiheberi zinkawayendera. Kodi atumwi anathetsa bwanji nkhani yovutayi? Atumwiwo anasankha abale oyenerera 7 kuti ayang’anire ntchito yogawa chakudya, yomwe inali ‘yofunika.’ Atumwi ambiri ayenera kuti anathandiza kugawira chakudya pa nthawi imene Yesu anadyetsa khamu lija mozizwitsa. Koma pa nthawiyi, ankaona kuti ntchito yawo yofunika kwambiri ndi yogawa chakudya chauzimu. Choncho atumwiwo anadzipereka “pa utumiki wokhudza mawu a Mulungu.”—Mac. 6:1-6.

10. Kodi Khristu ankagwiritsa ntchito bwanji atumwi ndi akulu ku Yerusalemu?

¹⁰ Pofika mu 49 C.E., atumwi omwe anali moyo ankathandizidwa ndi akulu ena oyenerera. (Werengani Machitidwe 15:1, 2.) “Atumwi ndi akulu ku Yerusalemu” ankatumikira monga bungwe lolamulira. Khristu, yemwe ndi Mutu wa mpingo, anali kugwiritsa ntchito kagulu ka amuna oyenererawa kuti athetse mavuto okhudza zikhulupiriro ndiponso kuti atsogolere ntchito yophunzitsa ndiponso yolalikira uthenga wabwino wa Ufumu.—Mac. 15:6-29; 21:17-19; Akol. 1:18.

11, 12. (a) N’chiyani chikusonyeza kuti Yehova ankadalitsa njira imene Mwana wake ankadyetsera mipingo? (b) N’chiyani chinathandiza kuti anthu amene Khristu ankawagwiritsa ntchito adziwike?

¹¹ Kodi Yehova anadalitsa njira imene Mwana wake ankagwiritsa ntchito podyetsa mipingo m’nthawi ya atumwi? Inde. Kodi tikudziwa bwanji zimenezi? Buku la Machitidwe limanena kuti: “Popitiriza ulendo wawo  m’mizinda, [mtumwi Paulo ndi anzake] anali kupatsa okhulupirira a kumeneko malamulo oyenera kuwatsatira, malinga ndi zimene atumwi ndi akulu ku Yerusalemu anagamula. Choncho mipingo inapitiriza kulimba m’chikhulupiriro ndipo chiwerengero chinapitiriza kuwonjezeka tsiku ndi tsiku.” (Mac. 16:4, 5) Onani kuti mipingoyo inkayenda bwino chifukwa chochita zinthu mogwirizana kwambiri ndi bungwe lolamulira ku Yerusalemu. Izi zikusonyeza kuti Yehova ankadalitsa njira imene Mwana wake ankadyetsera mipingo. Tizikumbukira kuti madalitso a Yehova ndi amene amachititsa kuti zinthu zitiyendere bwino.—Miy. 10:22; 1 Akor. 3:6, 7.

¹² Pofika pano, taona kuti Yesu ankadyetsa anthu ambiri kudzera mwa anthu ochepa. Anthu amene Yesu ankawagwiritsa ntchito ankadziwika bwinobwino. Atumwi, omwe anali oyamba kukhala m’bungwe lolamulira, ankatha kupereka umboni woti Yesu akuwagwiritsa ntchito. Lemba la Machitidwe 5:12 limati: “Atumwiwo anapitiriza kuchita zizindikiro ndi zodabwitsa zambiri pakati pa anthu.” * Choncho anthu amene anakhala Akhristu sakanafunsa kuti, ‘Kodi Khristu akugwiritsa ntchito ndani podyetsa nkhosa zake?’ Ngakhale zinali choncho, pofika cha m’ma 100 C.E., zinthu zinasintha.

13, 14. (a) Kodi Yesu ananeneratu chiyani zokhudza mpingo, ndipo zinayamba liti kuchitika? (b) Kodi anthu osokoneza mpingo anachokera mbali ziwiri ziti? (Onani mawu akumapeto.)

¹³ Yesu ananeneratu kuti mpingo wachikhristu udzasokonezedwa ndi anthu ena. Paja mu fanizo lake la tirigu ndi namsongole ananena kuti mdani adzafesa namsongole (Akhristu onyenga) m’munda umene mwafesedwa tirigu (Akhristu odzozedwa). Ndiye ananena kuti magulu awiriwa adzakulira limodzi mpaka nthawi yokolola yomwe ndi “mapeto a nthawi ino.” (Mat. 13:24-30, 36-43) Pasanapite nthawi, mawu a Yesuwa anayamba kukwaniritsidwa. *

¹⁴ Mpatuko unayamba kuonekera m’nthawi ya atumwi. Koma atumwi okhulupirika anali ngati “choletsa” chifukwa sankalola kuti anthu ayambe kuphunzitsa zinthu zabodza mu mpingo. (2 Ates. 2:3, 6, 7) Koma atumwi onse atafa, mpatuko unamera mizu ndipo unafalikira kwa zaka zambiri. Iyi inali nthawi yoti zikulire limodzi ndipo namsongole anachuluka kwambiri kuposa tirigu. Panalibe njira yodalirika yoperekera chakudya chauzimu. Koma kenako vutoli linatha. Kodi linatha liti?

15, 16. (a) Kodi Ophunzira Baibulo anachita chiyani chifukwa cha khama lawo? (b) Kodi tingafunse funso lofunika liti ponena za Ophunzira Baibulo?

¹⁵ Pamene nthawi yokulira limodzi imafika kumapeto, panali anthu ena amene ankafunitsitsa kudziwa mfundo zoona za m’Baibulo. Kumbukirani kuti m’zaka za m’ma 1870, kagulu ka anthu kankasonkhana ndi kukambirana za Baibulo paokha osati ndi Akhristu onyenga. Anthu odzichepetsa ndi ofunitsitsa kudziwa choonadi amenewa anadzipatsa dzina loti Ophunzira Baibulo. Iwo ankafufuza ndiponso kupemphera kuti amvetse bwino Malemba.—Mat. 11:25.

¹⁶ Ophunzira Baibulo amenewa ankachita khama ndipo anatulukira mfundo zambiri m’Malemba. Anthu okhulupirika amenewa anasonyeza kuti zikhulupiriro zina ndi zabodza komanso ankaphunzitsa anthu mfundo zoona za m’Baibulo. Iwo anasindikiza ndiponso kufalitsa mabuku ofotokoza Baibulo kwa anthu ambirimbiri. Ophunzira Baibulowa anafika pa mtima anthu ambiri amene ankafunitsitsa kudziwa choonadi. Popeza  kuti iwo ankaphunzitsa anthu chisanafike chaka cha 1914, tingafunse funso lofunika lakuti: Kodi Ophunzira Baibulowa anali anthu amene Khristu ankawagwiritsa ntchito podyetsa nkhosa zake? Ayi. Nthawi imeneyo, tirigu anali kukulira limodzi ndi namsongole ndipo Yesu anali asanakhazikitse njira yodyetsera nkhosa zake. Nthawi yosiyanitsa Akhristu oona ndi Akhristu onyenga inali isanafike.

17. Kodi ndi zinthu zofunika ziti zimene zinayamba kuchitika mu 1914?

¹⁷ Monga tinaphunzirira m’nkhani yapita ija, nthawi yokolola inayamba mu 1914. M’chakachi, zinthu zambiri zofunika zinayamba kuchitika. Mwachitsanzo, Yesu anapatsidwa Ufumu ndipo masiku otsiriza anayamba. (Chiv. 11:15) Kuyambira mu 1914 mpaka chakumayambiriro kwa 1919, Yesu limodzi ndi Atate wake anayendera ndiponso kuyeretsa kachisi wauzimu. * (Mal. 3:1-4) Kenako ntchito yosonkhanitsa tirigu inayamba mu 1919. Kodi imeneyi inali nthawi yoti Yesu akhazikitse njira yoperekera chakudya chauzimu? Inde.

18. (a) Kodi Yesu analosera kuti adzakhazikitsa chiyani? (b) Kodi pamene masiku otsiriza ankayamba panali funso liti?

¹⁸ Mu ulosi wake wonena za masiku otsiriza, Yesu analosera kuti adzakhazikitsa njira yoperekera “chakudya [chauzimu] pa nthawi yoyenera.” (Mat. 24:45-47) Kodi njira yake inali yotani? Mofanana ndi nthawi ya atumwi, njira yake inali yogwiritsa ntchito anthu ochepa podyetsa anthu ambiri. Koma pamene masiku otsiriza ankayamba, funso linali lakuti, Kodi anthu ochepawo ndi ndani? Nkhani yotsatira idzayankha funsoli ndiponso mafunso ena okhudza ulosi wa Yesu.