‘Umugaragu’ ukiranuka w’ubwenge

“Mbese ni nde mugaragu ukiranuka w’ubwenge, shebuja yasigiye abo mu rugo rwe kubagerera igerero igihe cyaryo?”​—MATAYO 24:45.

1, 2. Kuki ari iby’ingenzi ko tubona buri gihe ibyokurya byo mu buryo bw’umwuka?

KU WA Kabiri nyuma ya saa sita, ku itariki ya 11 Nisani mu mwaka wa 33 I.C., * abigishwa ba Yesu babajije ikibazo gifite ibisobanuro byimbitse kuri twe muri iki gihe. Baramubajije bati “ibyo bizaba ryari, n’ikimenyetso cyo kuza kwawe n’icy’imperuka y’isi ni ikihe?” Yesu mu kubasubiza yavuze ubuhanuzi bukomeye. Yavuze ku gihe kivurunganye cyari kuzarangwa n’intambara, inzara, imitingito, n’ibyorezo by’indwara. Kandi ibyo byari kuba gusa ari “itangiriro ryo kuramukwa.” Byari kuzarushaho kuzamba. Mbega ibintu biteye ubwoba byari kuzabaho!—Matayo 24:3, 7, 8, 15-22; Luka 21:10, 11.

² Kuva mu mwaka wa 1914, ibyinshi mu bigize ubuhanuzi bwa Yesu byarasohoye. “Kuramukwa” byageze ku bantu mu buryo bwagutse. Icyakora, Abakristo b’ukuri ntibagomba kugira ubwoba. Yesu yasezeranyije ko azabakomeza abagaburira ibyokurya byo mu buryo bw’umwuka. Ese ko ubu Yesu ari mu ijuru, ni ubuhe buryo yadushyiriyeho twe turi hano ku isi kugira ngo tubone ifunguro ryacu ryo mu buryo bw’umwuka?

3. Ni ubuhe buryo Yesu yashyizeho kugira ngo tubone “igerero igihe cyaryo”?

³ Yesu ubwe yagaragaje igisubizo cy’icyo kibazo. Mu gihe yavugaga ubuhanuzi bwe bukomeye, yarabajije ati “mbese ni nde mugaragu ukiranuka w’ubwenge, shebuja yasigiye abo mu rugo rwe kubagerera igerero igihe cyaryo?” Hanyuma yagize ati “uwo mugaragu arahirwa, shebuja naza agasanga abikora. Ndababwira ukuri yuko azamwegurira ibintu bye byose” (Matayo 24:45-47). Ni koko, hagombaga kuzabaho ‘umugaragu’ wari kuzahabwa inshingano yo gutanga igaburo ryo mu buryo bw’umwuka, ‘umugaragu’ wari kuzaba akiranuka kandi afite n’ubwenge. Mbese uwo mugaragu yari kuzaba ari umuntu umwe, bari kuzaba se ari abantu bagenda basimburana umwe avaho undi ajyaho, cyangwa se ni ikindi kintu kivugwa? Kubera ko umugaragu ukiranuka atanga ibyokurya byo mu buryo bw’umwuka byinshi biba bikenewe, ni ngombwa ko dushishikazwa no kumenya igisubizo cy’icyo kibazo.

Umugaragu ukiranuka w’ubwenge ni umuntu umwe, cyangwa ni itsinda ry’abantu?

4. Tuzi dute ko ‘umugaragu ukiranuka w’ubwenge’ adashobora kuba ari umuntu umwe?

⁴ ‘Umugaragu ukiranuka w’ubwenge’ ntashobora kuba umuntu umwe. Kubera iki? Ni ukubera ko umugaragu yatangiye gutanga ibyokurya byo mu buryo bw’umwuka kuva mu kinyejana cya mbere, kandi dukurikije uko Yesu yabivuze, uwo mugaragu yari kuzakomeza kubitanga kugeza igihe Shebuja yari kuzazira mu mwaka wa 1914.  Ibyo byari gusaba ko uwo muntu amara imyaka 1.900 akora uwo murimo mu budahemuka. Na Metusela ntiyigeze abaho igihe kireshya gityo!—Itangiriro 5:27.

5. Sobanura impamvu amagambo ngo ‘umugaragu ukiranuka w’ubwenge’ aterekezwa kuri buri Mukristo wese ku giti cye.

⁵ Hanyuma se amagambo ngo ‘umugaragu ukiranuka w’ubwenge’ ashobora gukoreshwa mu buryo bwa rusange kuri buri Mukristo wese? Ni iby’ukuri ko Abakristo bose bagomba kuba abakiranutsi kandi bakaba abanyabwenge; ariko kandi, biragaragara ko Yesu yari afite mu bwenge bwe ikindi kintu igihe yavugaga ati ‘umugaragu ukiranuka w’ubwenge.’ Ibyo tubibwirwa n’iki? Kubera ko yavuze ko igihe “shebuja” yari kuba aje yari kuzegurira uwo mugaragu ‘ibintu bye byose.’ Ni gute buri Mukristo wese yari kwegurirwa ibintu “byose” by’Umwami? Ibyo ntibyari gushoboka!

6. Ni gute ishyanga rya Isirayeli ryari ryitezweho kuba “umugaragu” w’Imana?

⁶ Umwanzuro wonyine uhuje n’ubwenge, ni uko Yesu yerekezaga ku itsinda ry’Abakristo abita ‘umugaragu ukiranuka w’ubwenge.’ Birashoboka se ko byaba byerekeza ku mugaragu ugizwe n’abantu benshi? Ni byo rwose. Imyaka 700 mbere ya Kristo, Yehova yerekeje ku ishyanga rya Isirayeli ryose uko ryakabaye agira ati “[muri] abagabo bo guhamya ibyanjye,” kandi ati ‘[muri] umugaragu wanjye natoranije’ (Yesaya 43:10). Buri wese mu bari bagize ishyanga rya Isirayeli kuva mu mwaka wa 1513 M.I.C. * igihe amategeko ya Mose yatangwaga, kugeza kuri Pentekote yo mu mwaka wa 33 I.C., yari umwe mu bagize iryo tsinda ry’umugaragu. Abenshi mu Bisirayeli ntibagiraga uruhare rutaziguye mu buyobozi bw’iryo shyanga cyangwa mu gushyiraho porogaramu yo kurigaburira mu buryo bw’umwuka. Yehova yakoreshaga abacamanza, abahanuzi, abatambyi n’Abalewi kugira ngo bakore iyo mirimo. Icyakora, ishyanga rya Isirayeli ryose ryagombaga guhagararira ubutegetsi bw’ikirenga bwa Yehova, kandi rigasingiza Yehova mu banyamahanga. Buri Mwisirayeli wese yagombaga kuba umuhamya wa Yehova.—Gutegeka 26:19; Yesaya 43:21; Malaki 2:7; Abaroma 3:1, 2.

“Umugaragu” yangwa

7. Kuki ishyanga rya Isirayeli ya kera ritakomeje kuba “umugaragu” w’Imana?

⁷ Kuba hari hashize ibinyejana byinshi Isirayeli ari “umugaragu” w’Imana, yaba se ari na yo mugaragu Yesu yavuze? Oya, kubera ko hari igihe cyageze Isirayeli ya kera ntiyongere kurangwa no gukiranuka n’ubwenge. Pawulo yavuze muri make iyo mimerere igihe yasubiragamo amagambo ya Yehova yerekezwaga kuri iryo shyanga agira ati “izina ry’Imana ritukwa mu bapagani ku bwanyu” (Abaroma 2:24). Koko rero, ubugome bwa Isirayeli bwageze ku ndunduro yabwo igihe iryo shyanga ryangaga Yesu, ibyo bikaba byaratumye Yehova na we aryanga.—Matayo 21:42, 43.

8. Ni ryari “umugaragu” yashyizweho ngo asimbure Isirayeli, kandi se yashyizweho mu yihe mimerere?

⁸ Ubwo buhemu bw’uwo “mugaragu,” ni ukuvuga iryo shyanga rya Isirayeli, ntibuvuga ko abantu basengaga Imana ari abakiranutsi batari kuzongera na rimwe kubona ifunguro ryo mu buryo bw’umwuka. Kuri Pentekote yo mu mwaka wa 33 I.C., iminsi mirongo itanu Yesu amaze kuzuka, umwuka wera wasutswe ku bigishwa be bagera ku 120 bari i Yerusalemu mu cyumba cyo hejuru. Icyo gihe ishyanga rishya ryari rivutse. Mu buryo bukwiriye, ivuka ry’iryo shyanga ryaramamajwe igihe abarigize batangiraga kubwira bashize amanga abantu bari batuye i Yerusalemu,  ibintu ‘bitangaje by’Imana’ (Ibyakozwe 2:11). Ku bw’ibyo, iryo shyanga rishya ryo mu buryo bw’umwuka ryabaye “umugaragu” wari kuzamamaza ikuzo rya Yehova mu mahanga kandi akazatanga igerero igihe cyaryo (1 Petero 2:9). Byari bikwiriye koko ko nyuma y’aho ryitwa ‘Isirayeli y’Imana.’—Abagalatiya 6:16.

9. (a) Ni bande bagize ‘umugaragu ukiranuka w’ubwenge’? (b) ‘Abo mu rugo’ bo ni bande?

⁹ Buri wese mu bagize ‘Isirayeli y’Imana’ aba ari Umukristo witanze, wabatijwe akanasigwa binyuriye ku mwuka wera, kandi akagira ibyiringiro byo kuzajya mu ijuru. Ku bw’ibyo, amagambo ngo ‘umugaragu ukiranuka w’ubwenge’ yerekeza ku itsinda ry’abantu bose basizwe bagize iryo shyanga ryo mu buryo bw’umwuka, babayeho ku isi mu gihe icyo ari cyo cyose kuva mu mwaka wa 33 I.C. kugeza ubu; nk’uko buri Mwisirayeli wese wabayeho mu gihe icyo ari cyo cyose kuva mu mwaka wa 1513 M.I.C. kugeza mu mwaka wa 33 I.C., yabaga ari umwe mu bagize itsinda ry’umugaragu wavuzwe muri Yesaya 43:10. None se “abo mu rugo,” bahabwa igerero n’umugaragu, bo ni bande? Mu kinyejana cya mbere I.C., buri Mukristo wese yari afite ibyiringiro byo kuzajya mu ijuru. Ku bw’ibyo, abo mu rugo bari Abakristo basizwe, badafashwe mu rwego rw’itsinda, ahubwo dufashe buri muntu ku giti cye. Bose, harimo n’abari bafite inshingano mu itorero, bakeneraga ifunguro ryo mu buryo bw’umwuka ryatangwaga n’umugaragu.—1 Abakorinto 12:12, 19-27; Abaheburayo 5:11-13; 2 Petero 3:15, 16.

“Umuntu wese ahabwa umurimo we”

10, 11. Tuzi dute ko abagize itsinda ry’umugaragu bose badafite inshingano zimwe?

¹⁰ N’ubwo ‘Isirayeli y’Imana’ ari itsinda ry’umugaragu ukiranuka w’ubwenge rifite umurimo ryahawe, buri wese mu barigize afite n’inshingano ze bwite. Amagambo ya Yesu ari muri Mariko 13:34 abisobanura neza. Yagize ati ‘ni nk’umuntu wasize urugo rwe ajya mu kindi gihugu, aha abagaragu be ubutware, umuntu wese ahabwa umurimo we, ategeka umukumirizi kuba maso.’ Ku bw’ibyo, buri wese mu bagize itsinda ry’umugaragu yahawe inshingano yo kongera umutungo wa Kristo wo ku isi. Buri wese mu bagize itsinda ry’umugaragu asohoza iyo nshingano akurikije ubushobozi bwe n’uburyo afite.—Matayo 25:14, 15.

¹¹ Byongeye kandi, intumwa Petero yabwiye Abakristo basizwe bariho mu gihe cye ati ‘nk’uko umuntu yahawe impano abe ari ko muzigaburirana, nk’uko bikwiriye ibisonga byiza by’ubuntu bw’Imana bw’uburyo bwinshi’ (1 Petero 4:10). Bityo, abo bantu bari barasizwe bari bafite inshingano yo kugaburirana, bakoresheje impano Imana yari yarabahaye. Ikindi kandi, amagambo ya Petero agaragaza ko Abakristo bose batari kuzagira ubushobozi bumwe, inshingano zimwe, cyangwa se ngo bahabwe inshingano zihariye zimwe. Icyakora, buri wese mu bari bagize itsinda ry’umugaragu yagombaga gufasha mu rugero runaka kugira ngo ishyanga ryo mu buryo bw’umwuka ryiyongere. Mu buhe buryo?

12. Ni gute buri wese mu bari bagize itsinda ry’umugaragu, yaba umugabo cyangwa umugore, yagiraga uruhare mu gutuma abagize umugaragu biyongera?

 ¹² Icya mbere, buri wese yasabwaga kuba umuhamya wa Yehova, akabwiriza ubutumwa bwiza bw’Ubwami (Yesaya 43:10-12; Matayo 24:14). Mbere gato y’uko Yesu ajya mu ijuru, yategetse abigishwa be bakiranuka, abagabo n’abagore, kwigisha. Yagize ati ‘nuko mugende muhindure abantu bo mu mahanga yose abigishwa, mubabatiza mu izina rya Data wa twese n’Umwana n’umwuka wera, mubigisha kwitondera ibyo nababwiye byose. Kandi dore ndi kumwe namwe iminsi yose kugeza ku mperuka y’isi.’—Matayo 28:19, 20.

13. Ni ikihe gikundiro abasizwe bose bari bafite?

¹³ Iyo abigishwa bashya babonekaga, bagombaga kwigishwa neza kwitondera ibintu byose Kristo yari yarategetse abigishwa be. Mu gihe runaka, abo babwirizaga bakemera, buzuzaga ibisabwa na bo bakigisha abandi. Igaburo ryo mu buryo bw’umwuka ryahabwaga abashoboraga kuzaba bamwe mu bagize itsinda ry’umugaragu bo mu bihugu byinshi. Abakristo bose basizwe, abagabo n’abagore, bifatanyaga mu murimo wo guhindura abantu abigishwa (Ibyakozwe 2:17, 18). Uwo murimo wagombaga gukomeza kuva igihe umugaragu yatangiraga umurimo we bwa mbere kugeza ku mperuka y’iyi si.

14. Ni bande bari bafite inshingano yo kwigisha mu itorero, kandi se abagore b’abakiranutsi basizwe bagira ibihe byiyumvo ku bihereranye n’iyo nshingano?

¹⁴ Abantu babaga bamaze igihe gito babatijwe kandi barasizwe bahitaga baba bamwe mu bagize umugaragu, kandi bahabwaga amabwiriza yatangwaga n’abagize itorero bari barujuje ibisabwa n’Ibyanditswe bakaba abasaza, batitaye ku waba yarabanje kubigisha (1 Timoteyo 3:1-7; Tito 1:6-9). Abo bagabo bari barashyizweho bari bafite igikundiro cyo kugira uruhare mu gutuma ishyanga rikura mu buryo bwihariye. Abagore b’Abakristo bakiranuka bari mu basizwe ntibababazwaga no kuba inshingano yo kwigisha mu itorero yari yarahawe Abakristo b’abagabo bonyine (1 Abakorinto 14:34, 35). Ahubwo bashimishwaga no kungukirwa n’umurimo utoroshye abagabo bari mu itorero bakoraga, kandi bashimiraga ku bw’inshingano bari bafite hakubiyemo n’iyo kubwira abandi ubutumwa bwiza. Bashiki bacu basizwe barangwa n’ishyaka muri iki gihe na bo bicisha bugufi batyo, n’ubwo abasaza bashyirwaho baba barasizwe cyangwa batarasizwe.

15. Mu kinyejana cya mbere, ifunguro ryo mu buryo bw’umwuka ahanini ryabaga rishingiye ku ki, kandi se ni bande bafataga iya mbere mu gutanga iryo gaburo?

¹⁵ Ifunguro ry’ibanze ryo mu buryo bw’umwuka ryatangwaga mu kinyejana cya mbere, ryavaga mu nzandiko z’intumwa n’abandi bigishwa bari barahawe ubuyobozi. Izo nzandiko bandikaga, cyane cyane iziboneka mu bitabo 27 byahumetswe bigize Ibyanditswe bya Kigiriki bya Gikristo, zavaga mu itorero zijya mu rindi. Kandi nta gushidikanya ko zari urufatiro rw’inyigisho abasaza bo muri ayo matorero batangaga. Muri ubwo buryo, ababaga bahagarariye umugaragu, bagezaga mu budahemuka ku Bakristo b’imitima itaryarya, ibyokurya byo mu buryo bw’umwuka bikungahaye. Itsinda ry’umugaragu ryo mu kinyejana cya mbere ryashohoje mu budahemuka inshingano yaryo.

“Umugaragu” nyuma y’ibinyejana 19

16, 17. Ni gute itsinda ry’umugaragu ryagaragaje ko risohoza inshingano yaryo mu budahemuka kuva mu myaka ya kera kugeza mu 1914?

¹⁶ Bimeze bite se muri iki gihe? Igihe Yesu yatangiraga kuhaba mu mwaka wa 1914, yaba yarabonye itsinda ry’Abakristo basizwe batangaga mu budahemuka ifunguro mu gihe cyaryo? Nta gushidikanya, iryo tsinda yararibonye. Iryo tsinda ryashoboraga kumenyekana mu buryo bworoshye kubera imbuto nziza ryeraga (Matayo 7:20). Kuva icyo gihe, amateka yagaragaje ko iryo tsinda rihari koko.

¹⁷ Igihe Yesu Kristo yazaga, abagize itsinda ry’umugaragu bagera ku 5.000 bari bahugiye mu murimo wo gukwirakwiza ukuri kwa Bibiliya. Abakozi bari bake, ariko umugaragu yakoresheje uburyo bushya bwo gukwirakwiza ubutumwa bwiza (Matayo 9:38). Urugero, hashyizweho uburyo bwo gusohora za disikuru zishingiye kuri Bibiliya mu binyamakuru byabarirwaga hafi ku 2.000. Muri ubwo buryo, ukuri kw’Ijambo ry’Imana kwageze ku basomyi babarirwa mu bihumbi icyarimwe. Byongeye kandi, hateguwe porogaramu yamaraga amasaha umunani yari ikubiyemo amashusho  y’amabara yagendaga asimburana hamwe na filimi. Ubwo buryo bushya bwo gutangaza ukuri kwa Bibiliya bwatumye abantu barenga miriyoni icyenda bo ku migabane itatu bagezwaho ubutumwa bwa Bibiliya, bwavugaga ibyo kuva ku Iremwa ry’isi kugeza ku iherezo ry’Ubutegetsi bwa Kristo bw’Imyaka Igihumbi. Ubundi buryo bwakoreshejwe ni ukwandika ibitabo. Urugero, mu mwaka wa 1914 hasohowe za kopi 50.000 z’Umunara w’Umurinzi.

18. Ni ryari Yesu yeguriye umugaragu ibye byose, kandi se kubera iki?

¹⁸ Koko rero, igihe Shebuja yazaga, yasanze umugaragu we ukiranuka agaburira abo mu rugo abyitondeye, ari na ko abwiriza ubutumwa bwiza. Ubwo noneho, hari inshingano zikomeye uwo mugaragu yari agiye guhabwa. Yesu yagize ati “ndababwira ukuri yuko azamwegurira ibintu bye byose” (Matayo 24:47). Ibyo Yesu yabikoze mu mwaka wa 1919, umugaragu amaze kunyura mu gihe cy’igeragezwa. Kuki se ‘umugaragu ukiranuka w’ubwenge’ yahawe inshingano zirushijeho gukomera? Ni ukubera ko ibintu bya Shebuja byari byariyongereye. Yesu yari yarimitswe mu mwaka wa 1914.

19. Sobanura ukuntu imbaga y’“abantu benshi” yabonye ibyo yari ikeneye mu buryo bw’umwuka.

¹⁹ Ni ibihe bintu Shebuja wari umaze igihe gito yimye yeguriye umugaragu we ukiranuka? Ni ibintu bye byose byo mu buryo bw’umwuka biri hano ku isi. Urugero, imyaka makumyabiri nyuma y’aho Kristo yimikiwe mu mwaka wa 1914, imbaga y’“abantu benshi” bagize “izindi ntama” yaragaragaye (Ibyahishuwe 7:9; Yohana 10:16). Abo ntibari bari mu basizwe bari bagize ‘Isirayeli y’Imana,’ ahubwo bari abagabo n’abagore b’imitima itaryarya bari bafite ibyiringiro byo kuzaba hano ku isi, bakundaga Yehova kandi bifuzaga kumukorera nk’uko abasizwe babikoraga. Mu by’ukuri babwiye abagize ‘umugaragu ukiranuka w’ubwenge’ bati “turajyana kuko twumvise yuko Imana iri kumwe namwe” (Zekariya 8:23). Abo Bakristo bashyashya babatijwe bafataga ku mafunguro yo mu buryo bw’umwuka amwe n’ay’abo mu rugo basizwe; kandi kuva icyo gihe, ayo matsinda uko ari abiri ahurira ku meza amwe yo mu buryo bw’umwuka. Mbega imigisha ibyo byazaniye abagize imbaga y’“abantu benshi”!

20. Ni uruhe ruhare abagize imbaga y’“abantu benshi” bagize mu kwiyongera kw’ibintu by’Umwami?

²⁰ Abagize imbaga y’“abantu benshi” bishimiye kwifatanya n’abasizwe bagize itsinda ry’umugaragu mu kubwiriza ubutumwa bwiza. Uko bagendaga babwiriza, ibintu bya Shebuja byo ku isi byagendaga byiyongera, bityo bikongera inshingano z’‘umugaragu ukiranuka w’ubwenge.’ Uko umubare w’abantu babaga bafite inyota y’ukuri wagendaga wiyongera, ni na ko byabaga ngombwa kongera ahantu ho gucapira ibitabo kugira ngo hakomeze kuboneka ibitabo by’imfashanyigisho za Bibiliya bihagije. Ibiro by’amashami y’Abahamya ba Yehova byubatswe mu bihugu byinshi. Abamisiyonari boherejwe “kugeza ku mpera y’isi” (Ibyakozwe 1:8). Kuva nibura ku bantu ibihumbi bitanu basizwe bariho mu mwaka wa 1914, umubare w’abasingiza Imana wariyongereye ugera ku bantu barenga miriyoni esheshatu muri iki gihe, kandi abenshi muri bo ni abagize imbaga y’“abantu benshi.” Rwose, ibintu by’Umwami byariyongereye cyane kuva mu mwaka wa 1914!

21. Ni iyihe migani ibiri tuzasuzuma mu gice gikurikira?

²¹ Ibyo byose bigaragaza ko umugaragu ‘yakiranutse’ kandi akagira ‘ubwenge.’ Ariko Yesu akimara kuvuga ‘umugaragu ukiranuka w’ubwenge,’ yaciye imigani ibiri itsindagiriza iyo mico: umugani w’abakobwa b’abanyabwenge n’ab’abapfu, n’umugani w’amatalanto (Matayo 25:1-30). Ko biduteye amatsiko! Iyo migani isobanura iki kuri twe muri iki gihe? Tuzasuzuma iby’icyo kibazo mu gice gikurikira.

[Ibisobanuro ahagana hasi ku ipaji]

Urabitekerezaho iki?

• Ni bande bagize ‘umugaragu ukiranuka w’ubwenge’?

• Abo “mu rugo” bo ni bande?

• Ni ryari umugaragu ukiranuka w’ubwenge yeguriwe ibintu by’Umwami, kandi se kuki yabyeguriwe muri icyo gihe?

• Ni bande bagize uruhare mu kongera ibintu by’Umwami mu myaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo ishize, kandi se babikoze mu buhe buryo?

[Ibibazo]

[Amafoto yo ku ipaji ya 10]

Itsinda ry’umugaragu ryo mu kinyejana cya mbere ryabaye indahemuka mu gusohoza inshingano yaryo