Ingingo z’ingenzi z’ibikubiye mu gitabo cyo Kubara
Ijambo rya Yehova ni rizima:
Ingingo z’ingenzi z’ibikubiye mu gitabo cyo Kubara
ABISIRAYELI bamaze kuva mu Misiri, bagizwe ishyanga. Nyuma y’aho gato, bashoboraga kuba barinjiye mu Gihugu cy’Isezerano, ariko ntibacyinjiyemo. Ahubwo byabaye ngombwa ko bamara imyaka igera hafi kuri 40 bazerera mu “butayu bunini buteye ubwoba” (Gutegeka 8:15). Kubera iki? Inkuru ivuga iby’ayo mateka dusanga mu gitabo cya Bibiliya cyo Kubara, itubwira uko byagenze. Yagombye gutuma tubona impamvu ari ngombwa kumvira Yehova Imana, kandi tukubaha abamuhagarariye.
Igitabo cyo Kubara cyanditswe na Mose ari mu butayu no mu kibaya cy’i Mowabu, kikaba kivuga ibintu byabaye mu myaka 38 n’amezi 9, ni ukuvuga kuva mu mwaka wa 1512 M.I.C. kugeza mu mwaka wa 1473 M.I.C. (Kubara 1:1; Gutegeka 1:3). Izina ry’icyo gitabo rikomoka ku mabarura abiri y’Abisirayeli yabaye atandukanyijwe n’imyaka 38 (Igice cya 1-4, 26). Inkuru yo muri icyo gitabo igabanyijwemo ibika bitatu. Igika cya mbere kivuga ibintu byabereye ku Musozi Sinayi. Igika cya kabiri kivuga ibyabaye mu gihe Abisirayeli bazereraga mu butayu. Naho igika cya nyuma kikavuga ibintu byabereye mu kibaya cy’i Mowabu. Mu gihe usoma iyo nkuru, ushobora kwibaza uti ‘ibi bintu binyigisha iki? Mbese muri iki gitabo haba harimo amahame ashobora kungirira akamaro muri iki gihe?’
KU MUSOZI SINAYI
Ibarura rya mbere mu mabarura abiri y’Abisirayeli, ryabaye igihe Abisirayeli bari bakiri munsi y’Umusozi Sinayi. Abantu b’igitsina gabo bafite imyaka 20 kuzamura, utabariyemo Abalewi, bose hamwe bari 603.550. Uko bigaragara, iryo barura ryakozwe ku mpamvu za gisirikare. Abantu bose, hakubiyemo abagore n’abana n’Abalewi, bashobora kuba barageraga kuri miriyoni eshatu.
Nyuma y’iryo barura, Abisirayeli bahawe amabwiriza arebana na gahunda bagombaga gukurikiza bagenda, arebana n’inshingano z’Abalewi n’imirimo yo mu ihema ry’ibonaniro, amategeko arebana n’ibyo guha abantu akato, amategeko y’ibibazo byo gufuha hamwe n’umuhigo w’Abanaziri. Igice cya 7 gikubiyemo amabwiriza y’ibitambo byatanzwe n’abakuru b’imiryango mu gihe cyo gutaha igicaniro, naho igice cya 9 kikavuga ibyo kwizihiza Pasika. Nanone kandi, Abisirayeli bahawe amabwiriza arebana n’uko bazajya babamba amahema, n’uko bazajya bahaguruka bagiye.
Ibibazo bishingiye ku Byanditswe byashubijwe:
2:1, 2—‘Amabendera’ amatsinda y’imiryango itatu itatu yagombaga kugotesha amahema mu butayu, yari bwoko ki? Bibiliya ntisobanura uko ayo mabendera yari ameze. Icyakora, ntiyabonwaga ko yari ibimenyetso by’ibintu byera, cyangwa ngo abe yari afite icyo asobanura mu birebana n’idini. Ayo mabendera yakoreshwaga kubera ko gusa yafashaga umuntu kutayobagurika mu nkambi.
5:27—Kuba umugore waciye inyuma umugabo we ‘yaranyunyukaga ikibero’ byashakaga kuvuga iki? Ijambo “ikibero” hano ryakoreshejwe rishaka kuvuga imyanya myibarukiro. Kuba rero ‘cyaranyunyukaga,’ bishaka kuvuga ko iyo myanya yangirikaga ku buryo uwo mugore atashoboraga gusama.
Icyo ibyo bitwigisha:
6:1-7. Abanaziri bagombaga kwirinda ibintu bikomoka kuri vino n’ibindi binyobwa bisindisha byose, ibyo bikaba byarabasabaga kwiyanga. Bagombaga kureka imisatsi igakura ikaba miremire ntibayogoshe, ibyo bikaba byari ikimenyetso cy’uko bagandukira Yehova nk’uko abagore na bo bagombaga kugandukira abagabo babo cyangwa ba se. Abanaziri bagombaga gukomeza kuba batanduye bagendera kure intumbi iyo ari yo yose, kabone n’iyo yaba ari iya mwene wabo wa hafi. Muri iki gihe, abakozi b’igihe cyose bagaragaza umwuka wo kwigomwa, mu birebana no kwiyanga no kugandukira Yehova na gahunda yashyizeho. Zimwe mu nshingano bahabwa zishobora kuba zikubiyemo kujya mu gihugu cya kure, ibyo bikaba ndetse bishobora gutuma kugaruka iwabo gushyingura umuntu wo mu muryango, bigorana cyangwa se ntibinashoboke.
8:25, 26. Kugira ngo imyanya y’Abalewi ibone abayikoramo bashoboye, kandi bazirikane abakuze, abagabo bashaje bategekwaga kwegura ku mirimo babaga bategetswe. Icyakora, bashoboraga gufasha abandi Balewi ku bushake bwabo. N’ubwo muri iki gihe nta mubwiriza w’Ubwami ufata ikiruhuko cy’iza bukuru, ihame rikubiye muri iryo tegeko ritwigisha isomo ry’ingirakamaro. Niba hari Umukristo utagishobora gusohoza inshingano runaka bitewe n’iza bukuru, ashobora kwifatanya mu mirimo ihuje n’ubushobozi bwe.
BAZERERA MU BUTAYU
Igihe amaherezo igicu cyabaga hejuru y’ihema ry’ibonaniro cyazamukaga, Abisirayeli batangiye urugendo rwari rugiye kubageza mu butayu bwo mu kibaya cy’i Mowabu, nyuma y’imyaka 38 n’ukwezi kumwe cyangwa abiri. Bishobora kukugirira akamaro urebye inzira banyuzemo ku ikarita iri ku ipaji ya 9 mu gatabo Tumenye uko ‘igihugu cyiza’ cyari giteye, kanditswe n’Abahamya ba Yehova.
Bari mu nzira bajya i Kadeshi mu butayu bwa Parani, nibura incuro eshatu abantu baritotombye. Igihe bitotombaga bwa mbere, byahoshejwe n’uko Yehova yohereje umuriro ugakongora bamwe. Hanyuma Abisirayeli bararize bashaka inyama, maze Yehova abaha inyoni bita inturumbutsi. Miriyamu na Aroni bitotombeye Mose, bituma Miriyamu amara igihe runaka yarabembye.
Igihe bari bakambitse i Kadeshi, Mose yohereje abagabo 12 bajya gutata Igihugu cy’Isezerano. Bagarutse nyuma y’iminsi 40. Abantu bemeye inkuru mbi babwiwe n’abatasi icumi, bashaka gutera amabuye Mose na Aroni n’abatasi b’indahemuka babiri, ari bo Yosuwa na Kalebu. Yehova yavuze ko ashaka kurimbuza abantu mugiga ariko Mose arabavuganira, Imana ivuga ko bazazerera mu butayu imyaka 40, kugeza aho ababaruwe bose bazapfira.
Yehova yatanze andi mategeko. Kora hamwe n’abandi bigometse kuri Mose na Aroni, ariko abo bigometse bakongowe n’umuriro, abandi ubutaka burasama burabamira. Bukeye bwaho, iteraniro ryose uko ryakabaye ryatangiye kwitotombera Mose na Aroni. Ibyo byatumye abantu 14.700 bicwa n’icyorezo Yehova yabateje. Kugira ngo Imana ibagaragarize uwo yatoranyirije kuba umutambyi mukuru, yatumye inkoni ya Aroni irabya uburabyo. Hanyuma Yehova yatanze andi mategeko arebana n’inshingano z’Abalewi, no kwezwa kw’abantu. Gukoresha ivu ry’inka y’igaju, byashushanyaga ukuntu abantu bezwa binyuriye ku gitambo cya Yesu.—Abaheburayo 9:13, 14.
Abisirayeli basubiye i Kadeshi, ari naho Miriyamu yaguye. Aho ngaho nanone abantu bongeye kwitotombera Mose na Aroni, babitewe no kubura amazi. Kubera ko Mose na Aroni bananiwe kweza izina rya Yehova igihe yatangaga amazi mu buryo bw’igitangaza, byatumye batemererwa kwinjira mu Gihugu cy’Isezerano. Abisirayeli bavuye i Kadeshi, Aroni agwa ku Musozi Hori. Mu gihe Abisirayeli banyuraga iruhande rw’igihugu cya Edomu, bananijwe n’urugendo, batangira kuvuga nabi Imana na Mose. Yehova yabateje inzoka z’ubumara kugira ngo abahane. Nanone Mose yarongeye arabavuganira, Imana imutegeka gucura inzoka y’umuringa akayimanika ku giti, kugira ngo abarumwe n’inzoka bose bajye bayireba bakire. Iyo nzoka y’umuringa yashushanyaga ukuntu Yesu Kristo yari kuzamanikwa, bigatuma tubona inyungu z’iteka (Yohana 3:14, 15). Abisirayeli batsinze abami b’Abamori Sihoni na Ogi, bigarurira ibihugu byabo.
Ibibazo bishingiye ku Byanditswe byashubijwe:
12:1—Kuki Miriyamu na Aroni bitotombeye Mose? Uko bigaragara, impamvu nyakuri yatumye bitotomba, ni uko Miriyamu yashaka ububasha burenze ubwo yari afite. Igihe Zipora umugore wa Mose yabasangaga mu butayu, birashoboka ko Miriyamu yaba yaratinye ko atazongera kubonwa ko ari we mugore ukomeye kurusha abandi mu nkambi.—Kuva 18:1-5.
12:9-11—Kuki Miriyamu wenyine ari we wafashwe n’ibibembe? Birashoboka cyane ko byaba byaratewe n’uko ari we wazanye umwuka wo kwitotomba akawinjizamo Aroni. Aroni yagaragaje imyifatire ikwiriye yemera ikosa rye.
21:14, 15—Igitabo kivugwa aha ngaha cyari igitabo bwoko ki? Ibyanditswe bivuga ibitabo byinshi abanditsi ba Bibiliya bakoreragamo ubushakashatsi (Yosuwa 10:12, 13; 1 Abami 11:41; 14:19, 29). ‘Igitabo cy’Intambara z’Uwiteka’ cyari kigizwe n’inyandiko nk’izo. Cyarimo amateka y’intambara z’ubwoko bwa Yehova.
Icyo ibyo bitwigisha:
11:27-29. Mose yatanze urugero ruhebuje, ku birebana n’uko twagombye kwifata mu gihe abandi bahawe inshingano mu murimo wa Yehova. Aho kugira ngo Mose agire ishyari yishakire ikuzo, yarishimye ubwo Eludadi na Medadi batangiraga guhanura.
12:2, 9, 10; 16:1-3, 12-14, 31-35, 41, 46-50. Yehova aba yiteze ko abamusenga bubaha abafite ubutware bwavuye ku Mana.
14:24. Ikintu cy’ingenzi kizadufasha gutsinda ibigeragezo by’isi bidukururira gukora ibyaha, ni ukwihingamo “undi mutima” cyangwa undi mwuka. Ugomba kuba utandukanye n’uw’isi.
15:37-41. Umusozo wihariye wo ku myenda y’Abisirayeli, wari ugamije kubibutsa ko ari ubwoko bwatandukanyijwe n’ubundi kugira ngo busenge Imana, kandi bwubahirize amategeko yayo. None se natwe ntitwagombye kubaho duhuje n’amahame y’Imana, tukagaragaza ko dutandukanye n’isi?
BAGERA MU KIBAYA CY’I MOWABU
Igihe Abisirayeli bari bakambitse mu kibaya cy’i Mowabu, bakuye Abamowabu umutima barabahabura. Bityo rero, Balaki Umwami w’Abamowabu yahaye Balamu ibihembo ngo avume Abisirayeli. Ariko Yehova yahatiye Balamu kubaha umugisha. Hanyuma, bakoresheje Abamowabukazi n’Abamidiyanikazi kugira ngo bashuke abagabo b’Abisirayeli bishore mu busambanyi no gusenga ibishushanyo. Ibyo byatumye Yehova arimbura abantu 24.000 bari bakoze ibyo byaha. Icyo cyorezo cyarangiye ari uko Finehasi agaragaje ko atashoboraga kwihanganira ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose, cyabangikana na Yehova.
Ibarura rya kabiri ryagaragaje ko nta n’umwe mu bagabo babaruwe mbere, wari ukiriho uretse Yosuwa na Kalebu. Yosuwa ni we wahawe inshingano yo gusimbura Mose. Abisirayeli bahawe amabwiriza arebana n’ibitambo binyuranye, n’arebana no guhiga umuhigo. Nanone Abisirayeli bihoreye ku Bamidiyani. Rubeni, Gadi n’igice cy’umuryango w’Abamanase, batuye iburasirazuba bw’uruzi rwa Yorodani. Abisirayeli bahawe amabwiriza y’ukuntu bazambuka Yorodani n’uko bazagabana igihugu. Babwiwe imipaka yose yose aho izajya inyura. Gakondo zagombaga kugabanywa hakoreshejwe ubufindo. Abalewi bahawe imidugudu 48, kandi imidugudu 6 muri iyo, yagombaga kuba iy’ubuhungiro.
Ibibazo bishingiye ku Byanditswe byashubijwe:
22:20-22—Kuki uburakari bwa Yehova bwagurumaniye Balamu? Yehova yari yabwiye Balamu ko atagombaga kuvuma Abisirayeli (Kubara 22:12). Ariko uwo muhanuzi yabirenzeho ajyana n’abagaragu ba Balaki, yiyemeje rwose kujya kuvuma Abisirayeli. Balamu yashakaga gushimisha umwami w’Abamowabu, kugira ngo amwihere ingororano (2 Petero 2:15, 16; Yuda 11). Ndetse n’igihe Balamu yahatirwaga guha umugisha Abisirayeli aho kubavuma, yashatse ukuntu yakwikundisha ku mwami amugira inama y’uko abagore basenga Baali bakoreshwa bagashuka abagabo b’Abisirayeli (Kubara 31:15, 16). Ubwo rero, icyatumye uburakari bw’Imana bugurumanira Balamu, ni ukubera ko uwo muhanuzi yari afite umururumba mubi.
30:6-8—Mbese umugabo w’Umukristo ashobora gusesa umuhigo w’umugore we? Ku birebana n’umuhigo, ubu Yehova asigaye areba buri muntu ku giti cye. Urugero, kwiyegurira Yehova ni umuhigo umuntu ahiga ku giti cye (Abagalatiya 6:5). Umugabo ntafite uburenganzira bwo guhigika uwo muhigo cyangwa kuwusesa. Icyakora, umugore agomba kwirinda guhiga umuhigo unyuranyije n’Ijambo ry’Imana, cyangwa inshingano agomba gusohoreza umugabo we.
Icyo ibyo bitwigisha:
25:11. Mbega urugero Finehasi yadusigiye rwo kurwanira ishyaka gahunda yo gusenga Yehova! Mbese icyifuzo cyo gutuma itorero rikomeza kurangwa n’isuku, nticyagombye kudusunikira kubwira abasaza b’Abakristo icyaha cyose cy’ubwiyandarike twamenye?
35:9-29. Kuba umuntu wicaga undi atabigambiriye yaragombaga gusiga inzu ye agahungira mu mudugudu w’ubuhungiro akamarayo igihe runaka, bitwigisha ko ubuzima ari ubwera kandi ko tugomba kubwubaha.
35:33. Ubutaka bwandujwe n’amaraso y’inzirakarengane yavushijwe bushobora guhongerwa gusa n’amaraso y’abayavushije. Mbega ukuntu bikwiriye kuba Yehova azarimbura ababi mbere y’uko isi ihinduka paradizo!—Imigani 2:21, 22; Daniyeli 2:44.
Ijambo ry’Imana rifite imbaraga
Tugomba kugaragaza ko twubaha Yehova n’abo yahaye inshingano mu bwoko bwe. Igitabo cyo Kubara kigaragaza neza uko kuri. Mbega isomo ry’ingenzi ridufasha kubumbatira amahoro n’ubumwe mu itorero muri iki gihe!
Ibintu bivugwa mu Kubara, bigaragaza ukuntu abantu birengagiza kubungabunga imimerere yabo yo mu buryo bw’umwuka, bashobora kugwa mu makosa mu buryo bworoshye, urugero nko kwitotomba, ubwiyandarike no gusenga ibishushanyo. Zimwe mu ngero n’amasomo bikubiye muri icyo gitabo cya Bibiliya, bishobora gushingirwaho bategura ibiganiro by’ibikenewe iwacu mu Materaniro y’Umurimo, abera mu matorero y’Abahamya ba Yehova. Koko rero, ‘ijambo ry’Imana ni rizima, rifite imbaraga’ mu mibereho yacu.—Abaheburayo 4:12.
[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 24 n’iya 25]
Yehova yayoboraga Abisirayeli akoresheje igicu cy’igitangaza cyabaga hejuru y’ihema ry’ibonaniro, iyo babambaga amahema n’iyo bahagurukaga bagiye
[Amafoto yo ku ipaji ya 26]
Tugomba kubaha Yehova, kandi yitega ko twubaha n’abamuhagarariye
