Ivuka tugomba kwibuka

“Uyu munsi Umukiza abavukiye mu murwa wa Dawidi, uzaba Kristo Umwami.”​—Luka 2:11.

HASHIZE imyaka igera ku bihumbi bibiri umugore wo mu mujyi wa Betelehemu abyaye umwana w’umuhungu. Abantu bake mu bari batuye muri uwo mujyi ni bo bonyine bamenye icyo iryo vuka ryasobanuraga. Ariko hari abungeri bamwe bararaga ku gikumba bari kumwe n’imikumbi yabo, babonye abamarayika benshi kandi babumva baririmba bati “mu ijuru icyubahiro kibe icy’Imana, no mu isi amahoro abe mu bo yishimira.”—Luka 2:8-14.

Hanyuma, abo bungeri baje kubona Mariya n’umugabo we Yozefu bari mu kiraro nk’uko abamarayika bari babibabwiye. Mariya yise uwo mwana Yesu, maze amuryamisha mu muvure inka zariragamo muri icyo kiraro (Luka 1:31; 2:12). None ubu hashize imyaka isaga ibihumbi bibiri, hari abantu bagera kuri kimwe cya gatatu cy’abantu batuye isi bavuga ko ari abigishwa ba Yesu Kristo. Kandi ibintu byabaye mu gihe cy’ivuka rya Yesu, ni byo byabaye urufatiro rw’inkuru ishobora kuba ari yo yagiye ivugwa cyane kuruta indi nkuru iyo ari yo yose yabayeho mu mateka y’abantu.

Hisipaniya, igihugu gikomeye cyane ku migenzo y’idini Gatolika kandi cyazobereye mu kwizihiza imihango gakondo, yashyizeho uburyo bwinshi bwo kwizihiza iryo joro ryihariye ry’ibyabereye i Betelehemu.

Uko Noheli yizihizwa muri Hisipaniya

Kuva mu kinyejana cya 13, ikirugu cyabaye kimwe mu bintu bimenyerewe cyane bikoreshwa mu kwizihiza Noheli muri Hisipaniya. Imiryango myinshi ikora akavure gato kameze nk’umuvure inka ziriramo Yesu yaryamishijwemo. Bakora kandi amashusho mu ibumba agaragaza abungeri n’abami batatu, hamwe na Yozefu, Mariya na Yesu. Ibirugu binini birimo amashusho manini akenshi bishyirwa hafi y’amazu y’ubutegetsi mu gihe cya Noheli. Birashoboka ko François d’Assise ari we watangije uwo muhango mu Butaliyani, kugira ngo atume ibitekerezo by’abantu byibanda ku nkuru y’Ivanjiri ivuga iby’ivuka rya Yesu. Nyuma y’aho, abihaye Imana b’umuryango w’abitwa Franciscains bawukwirakwije muri Hisipaniya no mu bindi bihugu byinshi.

Ba bami bagira uruhare rukomeye mu mihango ikorwa mu kwizihiza Noheli muri Hisipaniya, mbese nk’urwo Père Noël agira mu bindi bihugu. Bavuga ko abo bami baha abana bo muri Hisipaniya impano ku itariki ya 6 Mutarama, ari wo munsi bita Día de Reyes (Umunsi w’Abami), kimwe n’uko dukurikije uko abantu babyemera, abo bami bashyiriye impano Yesu wari wavutse. Icyakora abantu bake gusa ni bo bazi ko inkuru yo mu Ivanjiri itavuga umubare w’abo bami basuye Yesu. Aho kugira ngo babe abami, ukuri kurushaho kugaragaza ko bari abahanga mu kuragurisha inyenyeri. * Byongeye kandi, abo bami bamaze gusura Yesu, Herodi yishe abana b’abahungu bose bari i Betelehemu bari ‘bamaze imyaka ibiri n’abari batarayimara’ ashaka kwica Yesu. Ibyo bigaragaza ko bagiye gusura Yesu amaze igihe runaka avutse.—Matayo 2:11, 16.

Kuva mu kinyejana cya 12, hari imijyi imwe n’imwe yo muri Hisipaniya yagiye ikora amakinamico  avuga iby’ivuka rya Yesu bagashyiramo inkuru y’uko ba bungeri b’i Betelehemu bamusuye nyuma hakaza ba bami. Muri iki gihe, buri tariki ya 5 Mutarama, imyinshi mu mijyi yo muri Hisipaniya ikora ibyo bita cabalgata cyangwa umutambagiro. Icyo gihe ‘ba bami batatu’ batwarwa mu modoka itatse igenewe gutwara ibintu bimurikwa, bakanyuzwa mu mujyi rwagati, bakagenda baha abaje gushungera za bombo. Kugira ngo uwo munsi urusheho gushishikaza, bategura ibintu basanzwe bategura kuri Noheli kandi bakaririmba za villancicos (indirimbo ziririmbwa kuri Noheli).

Ku mugoroba ubanziriza Noheli (24 Ukuboza), imiryango myinshi yo muri Hisipaniya ikunze gutegura amafunguro yihariye. Mu mafunguro bakunze kuba bafite haba harimo turrón (gato zikozwe mu mbuto z’umuluzi n’ubuki), hamwe n’ibintu basiga ku migati bikozwe mu mbuto z’umuluzi zivanze n’isukari n’amagi. Haba kandi hari imbuto zumye, umwana w’intama wokeje hamwe n’ibindi bintu biribwa byo mu nyanja. Abagize umuryango ndetse n’ababa kure, bashyiraho imihati yihariye kugira ngo baze kwifatanya n’abandi kuri uwo munsi. Ku yandi mafunguro bakunze kugira ku itariki ya 6 Mutarama, abagize umuryango barya roscón de reyes, ari yo gato y’uruziga bitirira ba “bami” irimo sorpresa (agashushanyo gato) baba bahishemo. Mu gihe cy’Abaroma, umuhango nk’uwo watumaga umugaragu wabaga yafashe agace ka gato karimo ka gashushanyo babaga bahishemo yitwa “umwami” uwo munsi wose.

“Igihe gishimishije kandi cy’imihihibikano mu mwaka”

Uko Noheli yaba yarafashe umuco w’ahantu runaka kose, muri iki gihe yahindutse umunsi mukuru w’ingenzi ukorwa ku isi hose. Hari igitabo gisobanura ko Noheli “ari cyo gihe gishimishije cyane kandi kirangwa n’imihihibikano kurusha ibindi bihe byose byo mu mwaka, ku Bakristo babarirwa muri za miriyoni na bamwe mu batari Abakristo bo hirya no hino ku isi” (The World Book Encyclopedia). Mbese kwizihiza uwo munsi bifite akamaro?

Uko bigaragara, ivuka rya Yesu ryabaye ikintu kitazibagirana mu mateka. Kuba abamarayika baratangaje ko iryo vuka ari integuza y’“amahoro [ku bantu Imana] yishimira,” bihamya neza icyo risobanura.

Ariko kandi, hari umunyamakuru wo muri Hisipaniya witwa Juan Arias wagize ati “Ubukristo bugitangira, ivuka rya Yesu ntiryizihizwaga nk’umunsi mukuru.” Niba ibyo ari ukuri, kwizihiza Noheli byaturutse he? Ni ubuhe buryo bwiza kurusha ubundi bwo kwibuka ivuka rya Yesu n’ubuzima bwe? Mu ngingo ikurikira, urabona ibisubizo by’ibyo bibazo.

[Ibisobanuro ahagana hasi ku ipaji]