Ijambo rya Yehova ni rizima:

Ingingo z’ingenzi z’ibikubiye mu gitabo cya Obadiya, icya Yona n’icya Mika

IGITABO cyo muri Bibiliya cya Obadiya gitangirwa n’amagambo avuga ngo “ibyo Obadiya yeretswe” (Obadiya 1). Uwo muhanuzi nta kindi yivugaho uretse izina rye. Igitabo cya Obadiya cyanditswe mu wa 607 Mbere ya Yesu. Mu gitabo umuhanuzi Yona yarangije kwandika ibinyejana birenga bibiri mbere yaho, yavuze ibyamubayeho atibereye, igihe yasohozaga inshingano ye y’ubumisiyonari. Imyaka 60 umurimo w’ubuhanuzi wa Mika wamaze, ihera hagati y’igihe Obadiya na Yona bahanuriye, ni ukuvuga hagati y’umwaka wa 777 n’uwa 717 Mbere ya Yesu. Ikintu Mika avuga ku birebana n’uwo yari we, ni uko yari “Umunyamoresheti,” kandi ko Ijambo rya Yehova ryamugezeho “ku ngoma za Yotamu na Ahazi na Hezekiya abami b’u Buyuda” (Mika 1:1). Kuba uwo muhanuzi yari amenyereye ubuzima bw’igiturage, bigaragarira mu mvugo z’ikigereranyo yakoresheje kugira ngo yumvikanishe ingingo z’ingenzi ziri mu butumwa bwe.

EDOMU YARI ‘KUZARIMBUKA ITEKA RYOSE’

(Obadiya 1-21)

Obadiya yahanuye ibirebana na Edomu agira ati “urugomo wagiriye mwene so Yakobo ni rwo ruzagutera gukorwa n’isoni cyane, kandi kurimbuka kwawe kuzaba ukw’iteka ryose.” Uwo muhanuzi yari acyibuka ibikorwa by’urugomo Abanyedomu bari baragiriye Abayakobo, ari bo Bisirayeli. Mu mwaka wa 607 Mbere ya Yesu, igihe Abanyababuloni barimburaga Yerusalemu, Abanyedomu ‘barihagarariye bararebera gusa,’ ahubwo biyunga n’“abanyamahanga” bateye icyo gihugu.—Obadiya 10, 11.

Icyakora, abari bagize inzu ya Yakobo bagombaga kugarurwa. Ubuhanuzi bwa Obadiya bugira buti “ku musozi wa Siyoni hazaba abarokotse kandi hazaba ahera.”—Obadiya 17.

Ibibazo bishingiye ku Byanditswe byashubijwe:

umurongo wa 5-8​—Kuba irimbuka rya Edomu ryaragereranyijwe n’abambuzi bo mu ijoro hamwe n’abasaruzi b’imizabibu, byumvikanisha iki? Byumvikanisha ko iyo abajura baza muri Edomu, bagombaga gutwara ibyo babaga bashaka gusa. Iyo abasaruzi baza muri Edomu, bagombaga kujya basiga imyaka yo guhumba. Icyakora igihe Edomu yagwaga, ‘abari bafatanyije na yo,’ ni ukuvuga abari biyunze na yo ari bo Banyababuloni, bashakishije ubutunzi bwayo bwose, barayisahura barayeza.—Yeremiya 49:9, 10.

umurongo wa 10​—Ni gute Edomu ‘yarimbutse iteka ryose’? Nk’uko byari byarahanuwe, ishyanga rya Edomu, abategetsi bayo ndetse n’abaturage bayo babarizwaga ahantu runaka ku isi, bageze aho barazimangatana. Umwami w’i Babuloni witwaga Nabonide yigaruriye Edomu ahagana mu kinyejana cya gatandatu rwagati Mbere ya Yesu. Abanyanebayoti bagiye gutura mu karere ka Edomu, biba ngombwa ko Abanyedomu bimukira mu gace ka Yudaya ko mu majyepfo, ari ko karere ka Negebu kaje kwitwa Idumaya nyuma yaho. Abaroma bamaze kurimbura Yerusalemu mu mwaka wa 70, Abanyedomu barazimangatanye burundu.

 Icyo ibyo bitwigisha:

umurongo wa 3, 4. Abanyedomu bari batuye mu karere k’imisozi miremire y’ibihanamanga. Imiterere y’ako karere yatumaga haba ahantu heza cyane mu birebana n’amayeri ya gisirikare. Ibyo bishobora kuba byaratumye Abanyedomu bishuka, bagatangira kwibona bibwira ko bafite amahoro n’umutekano. Ariko nta wushobora gucika imanza za Yehova.

umurongo wa 8, 9, 15. Ubwenge bw’abantu n’imbaraga zabo ntibishobora kubarinda ku ‘munsi w’Uwiteka.’—Yeremiya 49:7, 22.

umurongo wa 12-14. Abanyedomu ni urugero rw’umuburo ku bantu bishimira ibyago abagaragu b’Imana bashobora guhura na byo. Iyo abagize ubwoko bwa Yehova bagiriwe nabi, Yehova ntabyirengagiza.

umurongo wa 17-20. Ubwo buhanuzi buvuga ibihereranye no kugarurwa kw’Abayakobo bwatangiye gusohora igihe abasigaye bagarukaga i Yerusalemu bavuye i Babuloni mu wa 537 Mbere ya Yesu. Ijambo rya Yehova buri gihe rirasohora. Dushobora kwiringira byimazeyo amasezerano ye.

I ‘NINEVE HAZARIMBUKA’

(Yona 1:1–4:11)

Aho kugira ngo Yona yumvire itegeko ry’Imana ryo ‘kujya i Nineve wa murwa munini, [ngo] awuburire’ kandi atangaze ubutumwa bw’urubanza, yanyuze mu cyerekezo gihabanye n’aho yari kujya. Yehova ‘yohereje umuyaga mwinshi mu nyanja,’ akoresha n’“urufi runini” agarura Yona, arongera amuha ubutumwa yagombaga kujyana mu murwa mukuru wa Ashuri.—Yona 1:2, 4; 2:1; 3:1, 2.

Yona yageze i Nineve atangira gutangaza ubutumwa budaciye ku ruhande, bugira buti ‘hasigaye iminsi mirongo ine i Nineve hakarimbuka’ (Yona 3:4). Kuba Yona yarabwirije bikagira ingaruka zitandukanye n’izo yari yiteze, byatumye ‘arakara cyane.’ Yehova yakoresheje “uruyuzi” kugira ngo amwigishe isomo ryo kubabarira.—Yona 4:1, 6.

Ibibazo bishingiye ku Byanditswe byashubijwe:

3:3—Ese koko ‘kuzenguruka [Nineve] rwari urugendo rw’iminsi itatu’? Yego. Mu gihe cya kera, Nineve ishobora kuba yarakomatanyaga uturere twaheraga i Khorsabad mu majyaruguru, tukagera i Nimrud mu majyepfo. Utwo turere twose bitaga Nineve twari dukoze ishusho ya kare ifite umuzenguruko w’ibirometero 100.

3:4—Ese kugira ngo Yona abwirize abaturage b’i Nineve, byabaye ngombwa ko yiga ururimi rwo muri Ashuri? Yona ashobora kuba yari asanzwe azi urwo rurimi, cyangwa akaba yarahawe ubushobozi bwo kuvuga urwo rurimi mu buryo bw’igitangaza. Nanone birashoboka ko yatangazaga ubwo butumwa mu Giheburayo, akagira umuntu umusemurira. Niba ubwo buryo bwa nyuma ari bwo yakoresheje, birashoboka ko ari byo byatumye abantu bagirira amatsiko ubwo butumwa bwe.

Icyo ibyo bitwigisha:

1:1-3. Guteganya izindi gahunda tubigambiriye kugira ngo tutifatanya mu murimo wo kubwiriza no guhindura abantu abigishwa, bigaragaza intego mbi. Umuntu ubikora twamugereranya n’uhunga inshingano ahawe n’Imana.

1:1, 2; 3:10. Imbabazi za Yehova ntizigarukira ku gihugu kimwe gusa, ubwoko cyangwa itsinda runaka ry’abantu. Bibiliya igira iti “Uwiteka agirira neza bose, imbabazi ze ziri ku byo yaremye byose.”—Zaburi 145:9.

2:1; 2:11. Iminsi itatu n’amajoro atatu Yona yamaze mu nda y’urufi, byerekeza mu buryo bw’ubuhanuzi ku rupfu rwa Yesu n’izuka rye.—Matayo 12:39, 40; 16:21.

2:1; 2:11; 4:6. Yehova yakijije Yona amuvana mu nyanja yarimo umuraba. Nanone Imana ‘yategetse uruyuzi rumera aho Yona yari ari ngo rumutwikire, rumubere igucucu ku mutwe, rumukize umubabaro yari afite.’ Muri iki gihe, abasenga Yehova bashobora kwiringira Imana yabo, bakiringira ko izabagaragariza ineza yuje urukundo, ko izabarinda kandi ko izabakiza.—Zaburi 13:6; 40:12.

2:2, 3, 10, 11. Yehova yumva amasengesho y’abagaragu be kandi yita ku byo bamusaba.—Zaburi 120:1; 130:1, 2.

3:8, 10. Imana y’ukuri ‘yarigaruye’ cyangwa ihindura imitekerereze, “ireka ibyago” yari  yaravuze ko yari kuzateza. Kubera iki? Kubera ko abaturage b’i Nineve “bahindukiye bakareka inzira yabo mbi.” Mu buryo nk’ubwo, muri iki gihe umunyabyaha aramutse yihannye by’ukuri, ashobora kurokoka urubanza rw’Imana.

4:1-4. Nta muntu n’umwe ushobora kubuza Yehova kugaragaza imbabazi nk’uko abishaka. Twagombye kuba maso tukirinda kunenga uburyo Yehova agaragazamo imbabazi.

4:11. Yehova arihangana, akareka ubutumwa bw’Ubwami bugakomeza kubwirizwa ku isi hose, kubera ko agirira impuhwe abantu “batazi gutandukanya indyo n’imoso,” nk’uko yagiriye impuhwe abaturage bagera ku 120.000 bari batuye i Nineve. Ese twe ntitwagombye kugirira impuhwe abantu bo mu ifasi yacu, maze tukagira ishyaka mu murimo wo kubwiriza Ubwami no guhindura abantu abigishwa?—2 Petero 3:9.

“URUHARA” RWABO RWARIYONGEREYE

(Mika 1:1–7:20)

Mika yashyize ahabona ibyaha bya Isirayeli n’u Buyuda, kandi ahanura ibirebana n’irimbuka ry’imirwa mikuru yabyo. Nanone yasezeranyije ko ibintu byari kuzasubira mu buryo. Samariya yari kuzahinduka “ikiyorero cyo mu murima.” Kubera ko Abisirayeli n’Abayuda basengaga ibigirwamana, bari kuzitera “uruhara” cyangwa gukorwa n’isoni. Igihe bajyanwaga mu bunyage i Babuloni, uruhara rwabo ‘rwasaga n’umutwe w’inkongoro.’ Uko bigaragara ubwo akaba ari ubwoko bwa kagoma bugira umusatsi muke ku mutwe. Yehova yatanze isezerano rigira riti “Yakobo we, abawe bose nzabateranyiriza hamwe” (Mika 1:6, 16; 2:12). Yasezeranyije ko i Yerusalemu hari ‘kuzaba ibirundo by’amazu’ bitewe n’abayobozi bayo bari baramunzwe na ruswa n’abahanuzi b’abanyamakosa. Ariko Yehova yari ‘kuzateraniriza hamwe [ubwoko bwe].’ Mu mugi wa “Betelehemu Efurata” hari kuzava “uzaba umwami wa Isirayeli.”—Mika 3:12; 4:12; 5:1.

Ese Yehova yaba yararenganyije Isirayeli? Ese ibyo asaba biba biruhije cyane? Oya. Nta kindi Yehova asaba abamusenga uretse ‘gukora ibyo gukiranuka no gukunda kubabarira, no kwicisha bugufi’ bagendana n’Imana yabo (Mika 6:8). Ariko abantu bo mu gihe cya Mika babaye babi ku buryo ‘umwiza wo muri bo yarutwaga n’igitovu, urushaho kuba intungane akarutwa n’uruzitiro rw’amahwa.’ Ibyo byakomeretsaga cyane ababaga bari hafi aho kandi bikabababaza. Umuhanuzi Mika yarabajije ati ‘ni iyihe Mana ihwanye na [Yehova]?’ Imana izongera kubabarira ubwoko bwayo kandi ‘izarohera imuhengeri w’inyanja ibyaha byabo byose.’—Mika 7:4, 18, 19.

Ibibazo bishingiye ku Byanditswe byashubijwe:

2:12—Ubuhanuzi buvuga ibirebana no ‘gukoranya abasigaye ba Isirayeli’ bwasohoye ryari? Isohozwa rya mbere ryabaye mu wa 537 Mbere ya Yesu, igihe Abayahudi basigaye bagarukaga mu gihugu cyabo bavuye mu bunyage i Babuloni. Muri iki gihe, ubwo buhanuzi busohorera kuri “Isirayeli y’Imana” (Abagalatiya 6:16). Guhera mu wa 1919, Abakristo basizwe bashyizwe hamwe “nk’umukumbi uri mu rwuri rwawo.” Kubera ko bahurijwe hamwe n’abagize “imbaga y’abantu benshi” bo mu bagize “izindi ntama” cyane cyane guhera mu wa 1935, ‘bagize urusaku rwinshi’ (Ibyahishuwe 7:9; Yohana 10:16). Bose hamwe bateza imbere ugusenga k’ukuri.

4:1-4—Ni gute Yehova ‘acira imanza mu moko menshi, agahana amahanga akomeye ya kure’ muri iyi “minsi y’imperuka”? Amagambo ngo ‘amoko menshi’ n’andi avuga ngo “amahanga akomeye,” ntiyerekeza ku bagize itsinda ry’abantu bo mu gihugu runaka cyangwa itsinda ry’abanyapolitiki. Ahubwo yerekeza ku bantu bakomoka mu mahanga yose basenga Yehova. Yehova abacira imanza kandi agashyira ibintu byo mu buryo bw’umwuka kuri gahunda.

 Icyo ibyo bitwigisha:

1:6, 9; 3:12; 5:1. Mu mwaka wa 740 Mbere ya Yesu, Abashuri bahinduye Samariya umusaka mu gihe cya Mika (2 Abami 17:5, 6). Abashuri bageze i Yerusalemu ku ngoma ya Hezekiya (2 Abami 18:13). Yerusalemu yarimbuwe n’Abanyababuloni mu mwaka wa 607 Mbere ya Yesu (2 Ibyo ku Ngoma 36:19). Nk’uko byari byarahanuwe, Mesiya yavukiye i “Betelehemu” Efurata (Matayo 2:3-6). Ijambo rya Yehova ry’ubuhanuzi ntirihera.

2:1, 2. Turamutse turetse gukorera Yehova maze tugashyira inyungu z’iby’ubutunzi mu mwanya wa mbere, tukazirutisha ‘ubwami bw’Imana no gukiranuka kwayo,’ byaba ari akaga.—Matayo 6:33; 1 Timoteyo 6:9, 10.

3:1-3, 5. Yehova yiteze ko abafite inshingano bo mu bwoko bwe barangwa n’ubutabera.

3:4. Niba dushaka ko Yehova asubiza amasengesho yacu, ntitugomba gukora ibyaha cyangwa kugira imibereho y’amaharakubiri.

3:8. Iyo dushyigikiwe n’umwuka wera wa Yehova, ni bwo gusa dushobora gusohoza umurimo wacu wo kubwiriza ubutumwa bwiza bukubiyemo ubutumwa bw’urubanza.

5:4. Ubwo buhanuzi buvuga ibirebana na Mesiya, butwizeza ko abagize ubwoko bw’Imana nibagabwaho igitero n’abanzi babo, ‘abungeri barindwi [bagereranya ibintu byuzuye] n’‘ibikomangoma munani,’ ni ukuvuga umubare munini w’abagabo bashoboye, bazahaguruka kugira ngo bayobore abagize ubwoko bwa Yehova.

5:6, 7. Ku bantu benshi, Abakristo basizwe bameze “nk’ikime kivuye ku Uwiteka,” ni ukuvuga umugisha uturuka ku Mana. Abo Bakristo basizwe ni umugisha kubera ko Yehova abakoresha mu gutangaza ubutumwa bw’Ubwami. Abagize “izindi ntama” babatera inkunga muri uwo murimo binyuze mu gufasha abandi bantu kugirana imishyikirano myiza n’Imana (Yohana 10:16). Kwifatanya muri uwo murimo bihesha icyubahiro kandi bigatuma abandi bantu bagarurirwa ubuyanja.

6:3, 4. Twagombye kwigana Yehova Imana, tukagira ineza n’impuhwe, ndetse ibyo tukabigaragariza abantu usanga kubana na bo bitoroshye cyangwa abafite intege nke mu buryo bw’umwuka.

7:7. Mu gihe tugihanganye n’ibibazo byo mu minsi ya nyuma y’iyi si, ntitugomba gucika intege. Ahubwo kimwe na Mika tugomba ‘gutegereza Imana’ yacu.

7:18, 19. Kubera ko Yehova aba yiteguye kutubabarira amakosa yacu, natwe twagombye kuba twiteguye kubabarira abaducumuraho.

Komeza ‘kugendera mu izina ry’Uwiteka’ Yehova

Abarwanya Imana n’ubwoko bwayo ‘bazarimbuka iteka ryose’ (Obadiya 10). Ariko nitwumvira umuburo wa Yehova udusaba ‘guhindukira tukareka inzira zacu mbi,’ azacururuka (Yona 3:10). “Mu minsi y’imperuka” ugusenga k’ukuri kwari kuzashyirwa hejuru y’ugusenga kw’ikinyoma kandi abantu bumvira bari kuzisukiranya bagana ugusenga k’ukuri (Mika 4:1; 2 Timoteyo 3:1). Bityo rero, natwe twagombye kwiyemeza ‘kugendera mu izina ry’Uwiteka [Yehova] Imana yacu iteka ryose.’—Mika 4:5.

Mbega amasomo y’ingenzi tuvanye mu gitabo cya Obadiya, icya Yona n’icya Mika! Nubwo hashize imyaka irenga 2.500 ibyo bitabo byanditswe, ubutumwa bukubiyemo ‘ni buzima, kandi bufite imbaraga.’—Abaheburayo 4:12.

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 13]

Obadiya yari yarahanuye ko Edomu yari ‘kuzarimbuka iteka ryose’

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 15]

Mika ‘yategereje Imana’; nawe ushobora kuyitegereza

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 16]

Umurimo wo kubwiriza ni inshingano tugomba guha agaciro