1-4. (a) Byagenze bite igihe Pilato yazanaga Yesu imbere y’abantu barakaye bari bateraniye imbere y’inzu guverineri yakoreragamo? (b) Yesu yitwaye ate igihe yakozwaga isoni kandi akababazwa? Ibyo bituma twibaza ibihe bibazo?

 “NIMUREBE wa muntu!” Ayo magambo yavuzwe na Guverineri w’Umuroma witwaga Pontiyo Pilato, igihe yazanaga Yesu imbere y’abantu bari barakaye cyane, bari bateraniye imbere y’inzu guverineri yakoreragamo, mu gitondo cyo ku munsi wa Pasika yo mu mwaka wa 33 (Yohana 19:5). Mu minsi mike gusa mbere yaho, abantu benshi bari basingije Yesu igihe yinjiraga muri Yerusalemu ameze nk’Umwami washyizweho n’Imana. Ariko muri iryo joro abo bantu bari barakaye kandi bahinduye uko bamubonaga.

² Bambitse Yesu umwenda w’isine nk’uwambarwaga n’abami, bamwambika n’ikamba ku mutwe. Icyakora ntibabimwambitse bagamije kumuha icyubahiro ahubwo kwari ukugira ngo bamuseke. Yesu yari afite ibisebe kandi ava amaraso menshi. Abasirikare bari bamukubise cyane ku buryo yari afite ibikomere byinshi. Bamwambitse uwo mwenda kandi mu mugongo hari huzuye ibisebe, bamwambika n’iryo kamba ry’amahwa barimutsindagira ku mutwe kugira ngo bamukoze isoni. Abakuru b’abatambyi bari bashutse abaturage ngo barwanye uwo muntu wari uhagaze imbere yabo. Abo batambyi barasakuzaga bati: “Mumanike ku giti! Mumanike ku giti!” Abantu bashakaga ko apfa basakuzaga bagira bati: “Agomba gupfa.”—Yohana 19:1-7.

 ³ Yesu yakomeje kugira ubutwari no kwiyubaha, yihanganira gukozwa isoni no kubabazwa atitotomba. a Yari yiteguye gupfa. Nyuma yaho kuri uwo munsi wa Pasika, yemeye gupfa ababara cyane, apfiriye ku giti cy’umubabaro.—Yohana 19:17, 18, 30.

⁴ Yesu yagaragaje ko akunda by’ukuri abigishwa be, atanga ubuzima bwe. Yaravuze ati: “Nta wufite urukundo ruruta urw’umuntu wemera gupfira incuti ze” (Yohana 15:13). Ibyo bituma twibaza ibibazo by’ingenzi. Ese byari ngombwa ko Yesu ahura n’iyo mibabaro yose kandi agapfa? Kuki yari abyiteguye? None se ko turi “incuti ze” tukaba n’abigishwa be, twamwigana dute?

 5. Yesu yamenye ate ibigeragezo byose yari kuzahura na byo?

⁵ Kubera ko Yesu ari Mesiya wasezeranyijwe, yari azi ibigomba kumubaho. Yari asobanukiwe ubuhanuzi bwinshi buri mu Byanditswe by’Igiheburayo bwari bwaravuze mu buryo burambuye imibabaro n’urupfu byari kugera kuri Mesiya (Yesaya 53:3-7, 12; Daniyeli 9:26). Inshuro nyinshi yagiye afasha abigishwa be kwitegura ibyo bigeragezo yari kuzahura na byo (Mariko 8:31; 9:31). Igihe bari mu nzira bagana i Yerusalemu kwizihiza Pasika bwa nyuma, yabwiye intumwa ze ati: “Umwana w’umuntu azatangwa ahabwe abakuru b’abatambyi n’abanditsi bamukatire urwo gupfa. Bazamuha abanyamahanga, bamushinyagurire, bamucire amacandwe, bamukubite kandi bamwice” (Mariko 10:33, 34). Ibyo ntibyari amagambo gusa. Nk’uko twabibonye, baramushinyaguriye, bamucira amacandwe, baramukubita kandi baramwica.

 6. Kuki Yesu yababajwe kandi agapfa?

 ⁶ Ariko se kuki byari ngombwa ko Yesu ababazwa kandi agapfa? Hari impamvu nyinshi zabiteye kandi z’ingenzi. Iya mbere, kuba yarakomeje kubera Imana indahemuka kugeza apfuye, byatumye izina rya Yehova ryezwa. Wibuke ko Satani yabeshyeye abantu, avuga ko bakorera Imana babitewe n’ubwikunde (Yobu 2:1-5). Yesu yakomeje kuba uwizerwa ‘kugeza apfiriye ku giti cy’umubabaro,’ aba agaragaje ko ibirego bya Satani bidafite ishingiro (Abafilipi 2:8; Imigani 27:11). Impamvu ya kabiri, ni uko Mesiya yagombaga kubabazwa kandi akicwa kugira ngo abantu bababarirwe ibyaha (Yesaya 53:5, 10; Daniyeli 9:24). Yesu yatanze “ubuzima bwe ngo bube incungu ya benshi,” bityo atuma tuba incuti z’Imana (Matayo 20:28). Impamvu ya gatatu, ni uko igihe Yesu yihanganiraga ingorane n’imibabaro bitandukanye, ‘yageragejwe mu buryo bwose kimwe natwe.’ Ibyo byatumye aba Umutambyi Mukuru ugira impuhwe kandi ushobora “kwiyumvisha intege nke zacu.”—Abaheburayo 2:17, 18; 4:15.

 7. Ni ibiki Yesu yigomwe igihe yazaga ku isi?

⁷ Kugira ngo usobanukirwe neza ibyo Yesu yari yiteguye gukora, tekereza kuri ibi bikurikira: Ni nde muntu wasiga umuryango we n’urugo rwe akajya mu gihugu cy’amahanga kandi azi ko abenshi mu baturage baho bazamwanga, bakamukoza isoni kandi bakamubabaza, amaherezo bakamwica? Noneho tekereza ibyo Yesu yakoze. Mbere y’uko aza ku isi, yari afite umwanya wihariye mu ijuru, ari kumwe na Papa we. Nyamara Yesu yari yiteguye kuva aho yabaga mu ijuru akaza ku isi akaba umuntu. Ibyo kandi yabikoze azi ko abantu benshi bari kuzamwanga, bakamutesha agaciro, bakamubabaza cyane kandi bakamwica nabi (Abafilipi 2:5-7). Ni iki cyatumye Yesu yemera kwitanga bigeze aho?

8, 9. Ni iki cyatumye Yesu yemera gupfa?

⁸ Mbere na mbere, yabitewe n’urukundo rwinshi cyane akunda Papa we. Urukundo akunda Yehova ni rwo rwatumye  yihangana. Kubera ko yakundaga cyane Papa we, yabonaga ko izina rye rifite agaciro cyane kandi yifuzaga ko abantu bamenya uwo Papa we ari we by’ukuri (Matayo 6:9; Yohana 17:1-6, 26). Ikintu cy’ingenzi kurushaho, ni uko Yesu yifuzaga kuvuguruza ibinyoma byose Satani yavuze kuri Papa we. Ubwo rero, Yesu yabonaga ko kubabazwa azira gukora ibyo Yehova ashaka ari iby’agaciro kenshi, kuko yari azi ko ubudahemuka bwe bwari kugira uruhare rukomeye mu kweza izina rya Papa we, ryiza cyane.—1 Ibyo ku Ngoma 29:13.

⁹ Indi mpamvu yatumye Yesu atanga ubuzima bwe, ni urukundo yakundaga abantu. Urwo rukundo rwahereye kera cyane kuva umuntu wa mbere yaremwa. Bibiliya igaragaza ko kuva kera cyane na mbere y’uko Yesu aza ku isi, ‘yakundaga abantu cyane’ (Imigani 8:30, 31). Urukundo rwe rwagaragaye neza igihe yari ku isi. Nk’uko twabibonye mu bice bitatu bibanziriza iki, Yesu yagaragaje urukundo yakundaga abantu muri rusange n’urwo yakundaga abigishwa be by’umwihariko kandi arugaragaza mu buryo butandukanye. Ariko ku itariki ya 14 Nisani mu mwaka wa 33, yemeye gutanga ubuzima bwe ku bwacu (Yohana 10:11). Mu by’ukuri, icyo ni cyo kintu gikomeye kurusha ibindi yakoze kugira ngo agaragaze ko adukunda cyane. Birakwiriye rero ko twigana urwo rukundo rwe, kubera ko yadutegetse gukundana.

10, 11. Ni irihe tegeko rishya Yesu yahaye abigishwa be? Twarikurikiza dute kandi se kuki ari iby’ingenzi ko turyumvira?

¹⁰ Mu ijoro ryabanjirije urupfu rwa Yesu, yabwiye abigishwa be bari incuti ze magara ati: “Mbahaye itegeko rishya ngo mukundane. Nk’uko nabakunze namwe abe ari ko mukundana. Ibyo ni byo bose bazabamenyeraho ko muri abigishwa banjye, nimukundana” (Yohana 13:34, 35). Yaravuze ngo: “Mukundane.” Kuki iryo ryari “itegeko rishya”? Amategeko ya Mose yarimo itegeko rigira riti: “Ujye ukunda mugenzi wawe nk’uko wikunda” (Abalewi 19:18). Ariko iryo tegeko rishya ridusaba kugira urukundo rurenze urwo. Ni ukuvuga urukundo rushobora  gutuma twemera gupfira abandi. Yesu ubwe yabigaragaje neza ubwo yagiraga ati: “Ngiri itegeko mbahaye: Mukundane nk’uko nanjye nabakunze. Nta wufite urukundo ruruta urw’umuntu wemera gupfira incuti ze” (Yohana 15:12, 13). Mbese ni nk’aho iryo tegeko rishya ryagiraga riti: “Jya ukunda abandi, ariko ntubakunde nk’uko wikunda, ahubwo ubakunde kurusha uko wikunda.” Yesu yatwigishije uko twagaragaza urwo rukundo, binyuze ku mibereho ye n’urupfu rwe.

¹¹ Kuki ari iby’ingenzi ko twumvira iryo tegeko rishya? Ibuka ko Yesu yavuze ati: “Ibyo ni byo bose bazabamenyeraho ko muri abigishwa banjye, nimukundana [urukundo nk’urwo rurangwa no kwigomwa].” Mu by’ukuri, urukundo rurangwa no kwigomwa ni rwo rugaragaza ko turi Abakristo nyabo. Urwo rukundo twarugereranya n’agakarita karanga umuntu. Abajya mu makoraniro y’Abahamya ba Yehova aba buri mwaka, bambara udukarita nk’utwo. Ako gakarita kaba karanga ukambaye, kakagaragaza izina rye n’itorero rye. Urukundo rurangwa no kwigomwa ni nk’agakarita karanga Abakristo b’ukuri. Mu yandi magambo, urukundo dukundana rwagombye kugaragarira bose, ku buryo rumera nk’ikimenyetso cyangwa agakarita, kamenyesha abatwitegereza ko turi abigishwa ba Kristo b’ukuri. Byaba byiza buri wese yibajije ati: “Ese imibereho yanjye igaragaza ko mfite urukundo rurangwa no kwigomwa?”

12, 13. (a) Ni iki tugomba kuba twiteguye gukora kugira ngo tugaragarize abandi ko tubakunda by’ukuri? (b) Kwigomwa bisobanura iki?

¹² Kubera ko turi abigishwa ba Yesu, tugomba gukunda bagenzi bacu nk’uko yadukunze. Ibyo bisobanura ko twagombye guhora twiteguye kwitangira bagenzi bacu duhuje ukwizera. Ariko se twiteguye kubitangira mu rugero rungana iki? Bibiliya igira iti: “Iki ni cyo cyatwigishije icyo urukundo ari cyo: Ni uko Yesu yemeye kudupfira. Ubwo rero natwe tugomba kuba  twiteguye gupfira abavandimwe bacu” (1 Yohana 3:16). Kimwe na Yesu, tugomba kuba twiteguye gupfira bagenzi bacu mu gihe bibaye ngombwa. Mu gihe cy’ibitotezo, twakwemera gupfa aho kugambanira Abakristo bagenzi bacu, ngo dushyire ubuzima bwabo mu kaga. Mu bihugu birimo ivangura ry’amoko, twemera gushyira ubuzima bwacu mu kaga kugira ngo turinde abavandimwe bacu, tutitaye ku bwoko bwabo. Iyo ibihugu birwanye, tuba twiteguye gufungwa cyangwa kwicwa aho gufata intwaro ngo turwanye bagenzi bacu duhuje ukwizera, cyangwa undi muntu wese.—Yohana 17:14, 16; 1 Yohana 3:10-12.

¹³ Kuba twiteguye gupfira Abakristo bagenzi bacu, si bwo buryo bwonyine bwo kugaragaza urukundo rurangwa no kwigomwa. N’ubundi kandi, si benshi muri twe bajya basabwa kugaragaza urukundo nk’urwo. Ariko se niba tubakunda by’ukuri, ntitwagombye kuba twiteguye kubitangira, tukabafasha no mu bintu byoroheje, uhereye ubu? Kwigomwa bisobanura ko tureka ibintu twari dufitiye uburenganzira cyangwa ibyatuma tugira imibereho myiza, tukabiharira abandi. Dushyira ibyifuzo by’abandi mu mwanya wa mbere, tukabirutisha ibyacu nubwo byaba bitugoye (1 Abakorinto 10:24). Twagaragaza dute urukundo rurangwa no kwigomwa?

14. (a) Ni mu buhe buryo abasaza bigomwa? (b) Iyo utekereje ku basaza bo mu itorero ryawe bakorana umwete wumva umeze ute?

¹⁴ Abasaza b’itorero bigomwa byinshi kugira ngo ‘baragire umukumbi’ (1 Petero 5:2, 3). Uretse kuba bagomba kwita ku miryango yabo, bafata igihe nimugoroba cyangwa mu mpera z’ibyumweru bakita ku bibazo by’itorero, hakubiyemo gutegura ibiganiro bizatangwa mu materaniro, gusura abandi mu rwego rwo kuragira umukumbi no gukemura ibibazo by’imanza. Abasaza benshi bigomwa ibindi bintu, bagakorana umwete mu gihe cy’amakoraniro, bakaba mu bagize Komite Zishinzwe Guhuza Abarwayi n’Abaganga, bakaba mu Matsinda Asura Abarwayi kwa Muganga, cyangwa Komite z’Akarere  Zishinzwe iby’Ubwubatsi. Basaza, ntimuzigere mwibagirwa ko iyo mukorera abandi mubikunze, mugakoresha igihe cyanyu, imbaraga zanyu n’ubutunzi bwanyu muragira umukumbi, muba mugaragaza urukundo rurangwa no kwigomwa (2 Abakorinto 12:15). Ibyo bintu byose mukorana umwete, Yehova n’abagize itorero barabyishimira.—Abafilipi 2:29; Abaheburayo 6:10.

15. (a) Ni ibihe bintu abagore b’abasaza bigomwa? (b) Iyo utekereje ku bagore bigomwa kumarana igihe n’abagabo babo kugira ngo bafashe itorero wumva umeze ute?

¹⁵ Ese abagore b’abasaza na bo bagaragaza urukundo rurangwa no kwigomwa? Na bo barigomwa kugira ngo bashyigikire abagabo babo, maze bashobore kwita ku mukumbi. Birumvikana ko iyo umugore yemeye ko igihe umugabo we yari kumarana n’umuryango agikoresha yita ku bibazo by’itorero, aba yigomwe. Nanone tekereza ku bagore b’abagenzuzi basura amatorero, utekereze ukuntu baherekeza abagabo babo bava mu itorero rimwe bajya mu rindi kandi bakava mu karere kamwe bajya mu kandi. Bigomwa kuba mu mazu yabo kandi buri cyumweru bakaryama ku buriri butandukanye. Dushimira abagore baba biteguye gushyira inyungu z’itorero mu mwanya wa mbere bakazirutisha izabo. Bagaragaza umuco wo kugira ubuntu n’urukundo rurangwa no kwigomwa.—Abafilipi 2:3, 4.

16. Ni iki ababyeyi b’Abakristo bigomwa kugira ngo bite ku bana babo?

¹⁶ Twagaragaza dute urukundo rurangwa no kwigomwa mu muryango? Babyeyi, mwigomwa byinshi kugira ngo mwite ku bana banyu, mukabarera ‘mubahana nk’uko Yehova abishaka, kandi mukabatoza kugira imitekerereze nk’iye’ (Abefeso 6:4). Birashoboka ko hari igihe biba ngombwa ko mumara amasaha menshi mu kazi kagoye kugira ngo mubone ibitunga umuryango, n’abana banyu babone imyambaro n’aho kuba hakwiriye. Muhitamo kugira ibyo mwigomwa kugira ngo abana banyu batabura iby’ibanze bakenera mu buzima. Nanone mukora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo mwigishe  abana banyu, mubajyane mu materaniro kandi mukorane umurimo wo kubwiriza (Gutegeka kwa Kabiri 6:6, 7). Urukundo rurangwa no kwigomwa mugaragaza, rushimisha uwatangije umuryango kandi rushobora kuzatuma abana banyu babona ubuzima bw’iteka.—Imigani 22:6; Abefeso 3:14, 15.

17. Abagabo b’Abakristo bakwigana bate imyifatire ya Yesu itarangwa n’ubwikunde?

¹⁷ Bagabo, mwakwigana Yesu mute? Bibiliya itanga igisubizo igira iti: “Bagabo, mukomeze gukunda abagore banyu nk’uko Kristo na we yakunze itorero kandi akaryitangira” (Abefeso 5:25). Nk’uko twabibonye, Yesu yakundaga abigishwa be cyane, ku buryo yemeye kubapfira. Umugabo w’Umukristo yigana imyifatire ya Yesu itarangwa n’ubwikunde, kuko ‘atigeze yinezeza’ (Abaroma 15:3). Umugabo nk’uwo aba yiteguye gushyira ibyo umugore we akeneye n’ibyo ashaka mu mwanya wa mbere, akabirutisha ibye. Ntatsimbarara ku bitekerezo bye, ahubwo aba yiteguye kwemera ibyifuzo by’umugore we mu gihe nta hame ryo muri Bibiliya barenzeho. Umugabo ugaragaza urukundo rurangwa no kwigomwa yemerwa na Yehova kandi umugore we n’abana be baramukunda bakanamwubaha.

18. Ni iki gituma twumva ko tugomba kumvira itegeko rishya ryo gukundana?

¹⁸ Kumvira itegeko rishya ryo gukundana ntibyoroshye. Ariko dufite impamvu ikomeye idutera kubikora. Pawulo yaranditse ati: “Urukundo Kristo adukunda ni rwo rutuma tugira icyo dukora, tukamwumvira. Ibyo biterwa n’uko twasobanukiwe iki kintu: Umuntu umwe yapfiriye bose. . . . Yapfiriye bose kugira ngo abariho badakomeza kubaho bakora ibyo bishakiye, ahubwo bakore ibishimisha uwabapfiriye kandi akazurwa” (2 Abakorinto 5:14, 15). None se niba Yesu yaradupfiriye, ntitwagombye kubaho dukurikije uko abishaka, atari uko twe twishakiye? Dushobora kubigeraho ari uko twiganye urukundo rwe rurangwa no kwigomwa.

19, 20. Ni iyihe mpano nziza cyane twahawe na Yehova, kandi se twagaragaza dute ko tuyemera?

 ¹⁹ Yesu ntiyavugaga ibintu bidashoboka igihe yavugaga ati: “Nta wufite urukundo ruruta urw’umuntu wemera gupfira incuti ze” (Yohana 15:13). Kuba yari yiteguye kudupfira ni ikimenyetso gikomeye cy’urukundo adukunda. Ariko Imana yatugaragarije urukundo rukomeye kurushaho. Yesu yabisobanuye agira ati: “Imana yakunze abantu cyane ku buryo yatanze Umwana wayo w’ikinege, kugira ngo umwizera wese atazarimbuka, ahubwo azabone ubuzima bw’iteka” (Yohana 3:16). Imana yaradukunze cyane ku buryo yatanze Umwana wayo ngo abe incungu. Ibyo byatumye dukizwa icyaha n’urupfu (Abefeso 1:7). Incungu ni impano ihebuje yatanzwe na Yehova, ariko ntaduhatira kuyemera.

²⁰ Ni twe ubwacu tugomba guhitamo kwemera iyo mpano ya Yehova. Twabikora dute? Tugomba ‘kwizera’ Umwana we. Ariko kandi kuvuga ko twizera gusa ntibihagije. Tugomba no kubigaragariza mu bikorwa byacu no mu mibereho yacu (Yakobo 2:26). Tugaragaza ko twizera Yesu Kristo tumukurikira buri munsi. Kubigenza dutyo bihesha imigisha myinshi haba muri iki gihe no mu gihe kizaza, nk’uko igice cya nyuma cy’iki gitabo kizabisobanura.