Mbani Yahova?
Ntawiro wa Bhibhlya
Yahova ndi dzina ya Mulungu wandimomwene analongwa m’Bhibhlya, ndiye Nciti wa pinthu pyonsene. (Apokalipse 4:11) Mprofeta Abhrahamu na Mose akhalambira Mulungu unoyu wandimomwene ninga pidacita Yezu. (Genesi 24:27; Eksodo 15:1, 2; Juwau 20:17) Yahova nee ndi Mulungu basi ene wa nsoka wa anthu akucepa, mbwenye ndi Mulungu wa pa “dziko yonsene yapantsi.”—Masalmo 47:2.
Bhibhlya isalonga kuti Yahova ndi dzina ya Mulungu, dzina ineyi ndi yace basi. (Eksodo 3:15; Masalmo 83:18) Dzina ineyi yakubulukira mu fala Yacihebheri yakuti isabveka “kukhala” anyakudziwisa Bhibhlya azinji asalonga kuti dzina yakuti Yahova isabveka “Iye Asacitisa Pinthu Kukhalapo.” Mabvekero a dzina ineyi ndi akuthema, thangwi Ndiye adacita pinthu pyonsene, pontho ndzidzi onsene asacita pinafuna iye. (Izaiya 55:10, 11) Bhibhlya isatiphedzambo toera kudziwa makhaliro a Yahova makamaka n’khaliro wace ukulu kakamwe wakuti ndi ufuni.—Eksodo 34:5-7; Luka 6:35; 1 Juwau 4:8.
Ncizungu dzina yakuti Yahova yabulukira ku maletra manai a Cihebheri anaimirira dzina ya Mulungu יהוה (YHWH), maletra anewa manai asacemerwa Tetragrama. Nkhabe munthu anadziwa kuti mwandimomwene dzina ineyi ikhacemerwa tani Mucihebheri ca mu ndzidzi wakale. Dzina yakuti “Yahova” isaphatisirwa kutomera kale kakamwe ncizungu, pontho isagumanika m’Bhibhlya idatoma kuthumburuzwa ncizungu. a
Thangwi yanji nee tisadziwa kuti dzina ya Mulungu ikhacemerwa tani Mucihebheri cakale?
Pakulemba Cihebheri cakale anthu basi ene akhaphatisira makonsoanti tayu mavogali. Pakulonga anthu onsene akuti akhalonga Cihebheri akhadziwa mwakukhonda nentsa kuti anaphatisira mavogali api. Pidamala kuthumburuzwa Malemba Acihebheri peno (“Unthaka Wakale”) Ayuda anango adzacinja pikhakhulupira iwo, mbatoma kukhulupira kuti ndi pyakuipa kulonga dzina ya Mulungu. Angaleri khundu yakuti iri na dzina ya Mulungu, iwo akhaicinja mbaleri “Mbuya” peno “Mulungu.” Mukupita kwa ndzidzi manyerezero anewa adzamwazika, pontho anthu nee akhadziwabve kuti kale dzina ineyi ikhacemerwa tani. b
Anthu anango akhanyerezera kuti dzina ya Mulungu ikhacemerwa “Yawe,” mbwenye anango asaicemera munjira inango. Mpukutu udagumanwa pa Bara Yakufa wa bukhu ya Levitiko udalembwa Mucigerego dzina ya Mulungu yathumburuzwa Iao. Kusiyapo njira zenezi, alembi Acigerego a mu ndzidzi wakale asalongambo kuti dzina ya Mulungu ndi Iae, I·a·beʹ, na I·a·ou·eʹ, nee ndi pyakukwanisika kudziwa kuti mwandimomwene dzina ya Mulungu ikhacemerwa tani Mucihebheri cakale. c
Uthambi unalonga anthu anango thangwi ya dzina ya Mulungu inagumanika m’Bhibhlya
Uthambi: Dzina yakuti “Yahova” nee ikhagumanika m’Malemba akutoma a Bhibhlya.
Undimomwene: Dzina ya Mulungu idalembwa na maletra manai isagumanika m’Bhibhlya maulendo cifupi na 7.000. d Mabhibhlya mazinji abulusa dzina ya Mulungu mbaikha fala yakuti “Mbuya.”
Uthambi: Mulungu Wamphambvu Zonsene nee asafuna dzina inango toera kusiyaniswa na anango.
Undimomwene: Mulungu apanga amuna adalemba Bhibhlya toera alembe dzina yace mbuto zizinji m’Bhibhlya. Iye asalongambo kuti athu anamulambira asafunika kuphatisira dzina yace. (Izaiya 42:8; Yoeli 2:32; Malakiya 3:16; Aroma 10:13) Mulungu asandika aprofeta authambi akuti akhayesera kucitisa anthu kuduwala dzina yace.—Yeremiya 23:27.
Uthambi: Mwakubverana na ntemo wa Ayuda, dzina ya Mulungu ikhafunika kubuluswa m’Bhibhlya.
Undimomwene: Ndimomwene kuti Ayuda anango akuti akhakopiyari Malemba akhakhonda kulonga dzina ya Mulungu. Mbwenye iwo akhaikopiyarimbo basi, nee akhaisiya. Natenepa Mulungu nee asafuna kuti titowezere mitemo ya anthu yakuti isaticitisa kukhonda kubvera mitemo yace.—Mateu 15:1-3.
Uthambi: Dzina ya Mulungu nee isafunika kuphatisirwa m’Bhibhlya thangwi nee tisadziwa kuti ikhacemerwa tani Mucihebheri ca mu ndzidzi wakale.
Undimomwene: Anthu asalonga pyenepi thangwi yakunyerezera kuti Mulungu asafuna kuti anthu onsene acemere dzina yace munjira ibodzi ene, mwakukhonda tsalakana cilongero cinalonga iwo. Mbwenye Bhibhlya isapangiza kuti atumiki a Mulungu akale akuti akhalonga pilongero pyakusiyana akhacemera madzina mwakubverana na pilongero pyawo.
Onani dzina yakuti Yoswa wakuti akhali ntsogoleri wa Izraeli mu ndzidzi wakale. Akristu a mu ndzidzi wakale akuti akhalonga Cihebheri pisaoneka kuti dzina ineyi akhaicemera, Yehoh·shuʹaʽ, mbwenye ale akhalonga Cigerego, dzina ineyi akhaicemera I·e·sousʹ. Dzina Yacihebheri yakuti Yoswa yathumburuzwa Mucigerego. Pyenepi pisapangiza pakweca kuti Akristu akhacemera madzina mwakubverana na njira ikhalonga anthu azinji mu cilongero cawo.—Mabasa 7:45; Ahebheri 4:8.
Pyenepi pisaphatambo basa pakuthumburuza dzina ya Mulungu. Cinthu cakufunika kakamwe nee ndi kulonga dzina ineyi ninga mukhalongerwa iyo mu ndzidzi wakale, mbwenye ndi kuiikha m’mbuto zinafunika iyo kukhala m’Bhibhlya.
a Bhibhlya yakutoma ya cizungu versão Almeida yaphatisira kazinji kene dzina ya Mulungu yakuti “JEHOVAH” munaigumana m’Bhibhlya idabuluswa mu caka ca 1693, mbidhindwa pontho mu caka ca 1870. Komiti yakuthumburuza Bhibhlya ya Versão Brasileira (1917) yatongambo kuphatisira dzina yakuti “Jehovah”. Bhibhlya yawo idabulusa iwo mu caka ca 2010, dzina ineyi yasasanyirwa mbikhala “Jeová”. Pyenepi pyacitikambo na pilongero pinango. Mwacitsandzo, mbuto yakutoma inagumanika dzina ya Mulungu m’Bhibhlya ya cingerezi ya caka ca 1530 idathumburuzwa na William Tyndale, iye aphatisira dzina yakuti “Iehovah”, mukupita kwa ndzidzi cilongero ceneci cacinja, pontho dzina ya Mulungu yadzalembwambo munjira yakusiyana.
b Edição yaciwiri ya A New Catholic Encyclopedia (Nova Enciclopédia Católica) Volume 14, tsa. 883-884 yalonga: “Pakupita ndzidzi ungasi pakumala kwa ubitcu dzina yakuti Yahweh yatoma kulemedzwa munjira yakupambulika kakamwe. Buluka penepo anthu atoma kubulusa dzina ineyi mbaikha dzina yakuti ADONAI peno ELOHIM.”
c Toera kudziwa pizinji apendise A4, “O Nome Divino nas Escrituras Hebraicas”, m’Bhibhlya ya Dziko Ipswa.
d Onani Theological Lexicon of the Old Testament (Léxico Teológico do Velho Testamento) Volume 2, tsa. 523-524.