Lavender—Chipo Chepfungwa

Nomunyori weMukai! muAustralia

QUEEN ELIZABETH I wokuEngland akarayira kuti patafura yemadzimambo paiswe zvokurunga zvakagadzirwa nelavender. Charles VI wokuFrance aigara pamakusheni aiva akaiswa lavender mukati. Queen Victoria wokuEngland aigeza nelavender. Chii chaifarirwa nevedzimba dzoumambo kudaro? Gwenzi rinonhuwirira rinonzi lavender. Munhu wose akambomira pakati pomunda uzere ruvara rwepepuru welavender achanzwisisa kuti nei vanhu vakawanda kudaro vachitorwa mwoyo nokunhuwirira kwegwenzi iri.

Kune marudzi anopfuura 30 elavender. Gwenzi rakaomarara iri rinokura zvakanaka mumamiriro okunze akasiyana siyana, kusanganisira muFrench Alps mune mhepo inotonhora nomuMiddle East mune mhepo inopisa. Gwenzi iri rine zita resayenzi yezvirimwa rinonzi Lavandula rinobva mushoko rechiLatin rokuti lavare, rinoreva “kugeza.” Rinobva mutsika yevaRoma vekare, vaiisa mafuta elavender mumvura yavo yokugeza kuti inhuwirire.

Mushonga Wagara Kwenguva Refu

Lavender yakatanga kushandiswa somushonga makore 2 000 akapfuura. Munguva yokuma500 C.E. kusvika kuma1500 C.E., lavender ndiyo yaiva chikamu chikuru mumusanganiswa waizivikanwa sefour thieves vinegar, iyo yaishandiswa kurapa zvirwere. Zvimwe vhiniga yacho yakatora zita rayo pakuti mbavha dzaiba kumakuva dzaivhundunyura zvinhu zvevanhu vakafa nedenda dzaigeza mumusanganiswa welavemder uyu. Zvisinei nengozi dzebasa ravo, zvinoita sokuti vaisawanzobata denga racho.

Nyanzvi dzemishonga yemakwenzi dzomuzana remakore rechi16 dzaiti lavender haingorapi bedzi chikosoro nokutemwa nomusoro asiwo kuoma kwemaoko nemakumbo netsinga. Mukuwedzera, vaidavira kuti kupfeka ngowani yakagadzirwa nelavender kwaizowedzera ungwaru. Nguva pfupi yapfuura paHondo Yenyika I, dzimwe hurumende dzakakumbira vanhu vadzo kuti vaunganidze lavender kubva mumapindu avo kuti mafuta anobviswa  ashandiswe kuzora maronda evarwi.

Marapiro Agara Aripo Anoongororwa

Mamwe mafuta elavender, kunyanya Lavandula angustifolia, anoita sokuti ane zvaanoita pamarudzi akawanda emabhakitiriya nemafungus. Vamwe vatsvakurudzi vakafunga kuti mafuta elavender angabatsira kurapa zvirwere zvinokonzerwa nemabhakitiriya asingarapiki nemishonga inouraya mabhakitiriya. “Mafuta elavender anoshandiswawo mune zvakawanda nevakadzi pavanenge vava kusununguka,” rinodaro rimwe pepanhau rokutsvakurudza romunguva pfupi yapfuura. “Kumwe kuongorora kwechipatara kwakaitwa kwakaratidza kuti vanaamai vaishandisa mafuta elavender [mumvura yavo yokugeza] nguva dzose vaitaura kuti vaisanyanya kurwadziwa pashure pemazuva matatu kana mashanu vasununguka . . . Mafuta elavender achiri kushandiswawo mudzimba zhinji dzokusunungukira nokuti anoderedza marwadzo.”

Zvakadini naQueen Elizabeth aida kuti zvokudya zvake zvirungwe nelavender? Ko lavender inodyiwa here? “Lavender yaiva chinorunga chaifarirwa pakubika naTudor uye Elizabethan England, ichishandiswa semuriwo unodyiwa nenyama yemhuka, nyama yakagochwa, saradhi yemichero, kusaswa pamusoro pezvokudya zvokuseredzera, kana kuti sezvihwitsi zvinodyiwa zviri zvoga,” anodaro Judyth McLeod mubhuku rake rinonzi lavender, Sweet lavender. Nhasi mamwe marudzi elavender anoshandiswa pakubika mabhisikiti, makeke, uye ice cream. Nokune rumwe rutivi, haasi marudzi ose elavender anodiwa—kunyanya nezvipukanana. Chokwadi, “mafuta elavender kana kuti lavender yakakuyiwa uye maruva ayo zvingangoshandawo semishonga inoshandiswa kumaindasitiri . . . nomudzimba kuuraya tupukanana sezvo kushandiswa kwelavender kuchidzinga majuru, zvipfukuto, nhata uye zvitemamachira,” kumwe kuongorora kwakaratidza kudaro.

Inowedzera Kudiwa

Mumakumi emakore achangopfuura lavender yakawedzera mukurumbira. Iye zvino yava kurimwa muAustralia, Europe, Japan, New Zealand, uye North America. “lavender yakafanana newaini,” anodaro Byron, murimi webindu wechiduku anotarisira maeka 25 elavender kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweVictoria, Australia. “Mafuta anobudiswa mumarudzi akafanana achasiyana-siyana munzvimbo nenzvimbo, sezvaanochinjwa nevhu uye mamiriro okunze umo lavender inorimwa. Kunyange nguva yokukohwa uye nzira yokukohwa yacho zvine zvazvinoita pagoho rokupedzisira.”

Kusiyana newaini, mafuta elavender anobudiswa kwete nokuisvina asi nokuipisa noutsi hwemvura. Byron anotsanangura kuti: “Zvinoda makirogiramu 250 [mapaundi 550] elavender kuti pabude rita [koti] rimwe chete remafuta. Maruva manyoro achangochekwa, madzinde, nemashizha zvinotsindirwa mudhiramu guru resimbi. Utsi hwemvura hunopomberwa nechepasi pedhiramu racho, uye sezvahunokwira nomumadzinde acho, inobudisa mafuta. Utsi hwemvura uye mafuta zvinopfuura nemazvinotonhodzwa zvopinda mupoto, umo mafuta anozoparadzana nemvura okwira pamusoro. Mafuta acho anobudiswa ochengetwa mumidziyo ine madziro evhu mukati, maanosiyiwa kuti agadzikane kwemwedzi inoverengeka.”

Mafuta elavender anobva papurazi raByron anoiswa musipo, mumafuta okuzora, uye mumakenduru. Maruva anotengeswa ari manyoro kana kuti aomeswa, uye maruva acho anokosha pamaruva anoiswa mumavhasi. Zviuru zvevashanyi zvinouya gore negore kuzoravira zvinhu zvinorungwa nelavender uye kuona nokunzwa kunhuhwirira kweminda yelavender. Byron anowanzoyeuchidza vaeni ava vanoonga kuti: “Hatigadziri mafuta; tinongoabudisa. Akaita lavender Ndiye akapa muti uyu sechipo chepfungwa dzedu.”

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Marudzi matatu emafuta e“lavender” anogadzirwa kuti agotengeswa

Mafuta e“lavender” chaiwo anobudiswa murudzi runozivikanwa se“Lavandula angustifolia.” Kusiyana nemarudzi emafuta anotaurwa pasi apa, ane kakunhuwirira ke“camphor” zvishoma kana kuti haana. Anenge matani 200 emafuta e“lavender” chaiwo anogadzirwa gore negore.

Mafuta e“spike lavender” anobva pagwenzi rinonzi “Lavandula latifolia.” Anosvika matani 200 awo angabudiswa pagore.

Mafuta e“lavandin” anobva mukusanganiswa kwemarudzi maviri ataurwa pamusoro apa. Matani awo anopfuura chiuru chimwe anotengeswa munyika yose gore negore.

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Pamapurazi mazhinji nzira dzekare dzichiri kushandiswa kukohwa “lavender”

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Mafuta e“lavender” anobviswa mumuchina mukuru waanogadzirirwa

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Mafuta e“lavender” anosiyiwa mupoto dzesimbi dzakagadzirwa nevhu mukati asati ashandiswa muzvimwe zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana