Shoko raJehovha Ibenyu

Pfungwa Huru Dzinobva Mubhuku raEksodho

INYAYA yechokwadi yokununurwa kwevaya ‘vakabatiswa zvinorema.’ (Eksodho 1:13) Inhoroondo inonakidzawo yokuberekwa kworudzi. Zvishamiso zvisingadaviriki, mitemo yakaisvonaka, uye kuvakwa kwetebhenekeri ndezvimwe zvezvinhu zvinofadza. Chaizvoizvo, izvi ndizvo zviri mubhuku reBhaibheri raEksodho.

Bhuku raEksodho rakanyorwa naMosesi muprofita wechiHebheru, rinorondedzera zvakaitika kuvaIsraeri mumakore 145—kubva pakafa Josefa muna 1657 B.C.E. kusvika pakupera kuvakwa kwetebhenekeri muna 1512 B.C.E. Asi, nhoroondo yacho haisi nhauwo zvayo yakaitika kare. Chikamu cheshoko raMwari, kana kuti mashoko kune marudzi evanhu. Zvarakadaro, “ibenyu uye rine simba.” (VaHebheru 4:12) Saka, bhuku raEksodho rine zvarinoreva chaizvo kwatiri.

“MWARI AKANZWA KUGOMBA KWAVO”

(Eksodho 1:1–4:31)

Vazukuru vaJakobho vanogara muIjipiti vanowedzera nokukurumidza zvokuti mambo anorayira kuti vatambudzwe sevaranda. Farao anotorayira kuti vanakomana vose vevaIsraeri vaurayiwe. Mosesi, shiye ine mwedzi mitatu inotorwa kuti irerwe nomwanasikana waFarao, yobva yapukunyuka dambudziko iroro. Kunyange zvazvo achikurira muimba youmambo, ava nemakore 40, Mosesi anotsigirana nevanhu vake obva auraya muIjipiti. (Mabasa 7:23, 24) Achifanira kutiza, anoenda kuMidhiani. Ikoko anoroora ndokurarama somufudzi. Pane rimwe gwenzi rinopfuta moto nenzira inoshamisa, Jehovha anotuma Mosesi kuti adzokere kuIjipiti kunobudisa vaIsraeri kuti vabve muuranda. Mukoma wake, Aroni, anogadzwa kuti ave mutauriri wake.

Mibvunzo yeMagwaro Inopindurwa:

3:1—Jetero aiva mupristi pakudini? Munguva yemadzitateguru musoro wemhuri waiva mupristi wemhuri yake. Zviri pachena kuti Jetero aiva musoro wemadzitateguru edzinza revaMidhiani. Sezvo vaMidhiani vaiva vana vaAbrahama vaakaita naKetura, zvimwe vaiziva nezvokunamata Jehovha.—Genesi 25:1, 2.

4:11—Jehovha ‘anoita mbeveve, matsi, uye mapofu’ mupfungwai? Kunyange zvazvo pane imwe nguva Jehovha akaita kuti vanhu vave mapofu nembeveve, haasi iye anokonzera urema hwose hwakadaro. (Genesi 19:11; Ruka 1:20-22, 62-64) Izvi zvinokonzwerwa nechivi chokuberekwa nacho. (Jobho 14:4; VaRoma 5:12) Zvisinei, sezvo Mwari akabvumira mamiriro ezvinhu aya kuti avepo, aigona kutaura kuti ndiye ‘anoita’ mbeveve, matsi, uye mapofu.

4:16—Mosesi aizo“va saMwari” kuna Aroni sei? Mosesi aiva mumiririri waMwari. Saka, Mosesi akava “saMwari” kuna Aroni, uyo akataura achimiririra Mosesi.

Zvatinodzidza:

1:7, 14. Jehovha akatsigira vanhu vake pavaidzvinyirirwa muIjipiti. Anotsigirawo Zvapupu zvake zvemazuva ano, kunyange pazvinotarisana nokutambudzwa kukuru.

 1:17-21. Jehovha anotiyeuka nokuda kwe“zvakanaka.”—Nehemia 13:31.

3:7-10. Jehovha anokurumidza kunzwa kuchema kwevanhu vake.

3:14. Jehovha haakundikani kuita zvinangwa zvake. Naizvozvo tinogona kuva nechokwadi chokuti achaita kuti tariro yedu inobva muBhaibheri ive yechokwadi.

4:10, 13. Mosesi akaratidza kuti akanga asina chivimbo zvachose nemano okutaura zvokuti kunyange paakavimbiswa kuti Mwari aizomutsigira, akateterera Mwari kuti atume mumwewo munhu kuti anotaura naFarao. Asi, Jehovha akashandisa Mosesi uye akamupa uchenjeri nesimba zvaidiwa kuti aite basa rake. Pane kuisa pfungwa dzedu pane zvatinotoperevedza, ngativimbei naJehovha uye ngatiitei basa redu rokuparidza nerokudzidzisa takatendeka.—Mateu 24:14; 28:19, 20.

ZVISHAMISO ZVISINGADAVIRIKI ZVINOUNZA KUNUNURWA

(Eksodho 5:1–15:21)

Mosesi naAroni vanomira pamberi paFarao, vachikumbira kuti vaIsraeri vabvumirwe kunoitira Jehovha mutambo murenje. Nokuzvikudza, mutongi weIjipiti anoramba. Jehovha anoshandisa Mosesi kuti aunze matambudziko anorwadza achitevedzana. Farao anozongobvumira vaIsraeri kuti vaende dambudziko rechigumi raitika. Zvisinei, munguva pfupi, iye nemauto ake vanotevera vari chamhungwe chaicho. Asi Jehovha anozarura nzira yokutiza nayo nomuGungwa Dzvuku uye anonunura vanhu vake. VaIjipiti vari kutevera vanonyura gungwa parinovafushira.

Mibvunzo yeMagwaro Inopindurwa:

6:3—Zita raMwari rakanga risina kuitwa kuti rizivikanwe naAbrahama, Isaka, naJakobho munzira ipi? Madzitateguru aya akashandisa zita raMwari ndokugamuchira zvipikirwa zvaibva kuna Jehovha. Asi, vakanga vasingazivi uyewo havana kuona Jehovha saiye aizozadzika zvipikirwa izvi.—Genesi 12:1, 2; 15:7, 13-16; 26:24; 28:10-15.

7:1—Mosesi akaitwa “samwari kuna Farao” sei? Mosesi akapiwa simba raMwari uye chiremera pana Farao. Saka, pakanga pasina chikonzero chokutya mambo wacho.

7:22—Vapristi veIjipiti vakawana kupi mvura yakanga isina kushandurwa kuva ropa? Vangangodaro vakashandisa mvura yakanga yatorwa muRwizi rweNire dambudziko iri risati raitika. Zviri pachena kuti mvura yakanga isina kushandurwa yaigonawo kuwanikwa nokuchera matsime panzvimbo dzakanyorova kumativi ose oRwizi rweNire.—Eksodho 7:24.

8:26, 27—Nei Mosesi akati zvibayiro zvaIsraeri zvaizo“nyangadza va[Ijipiti]”? Mhuka dzakawanda dzakasiyana-siyana dzainamatwa muIjipiti. Saka kutaurwa kwezvibayiro kwakawedzera zvikonzero uye kunyengetedza kwaMosesi kwokuti Israeri abvumirwe kuenda kunopa Jehovha zvibayiro.

12:29—Ndivanaani vaionekwa sematangwe? Matangwe evanhurume chete ndiwo aiverengwa. (Numeri 3:40-51) Farao, uyo aivawo dangwe, haana kuurayiwa. Aiva nemhuri yakewo. Hausi musoro wemhuri wakafa nedambudziko rechigumi, asi mwanakomana wedangwe mumhuri ndiye akafa.

 12:40—VaIsraeri vakagara munyika yeIjipiti kwenguva yakareba sei? Makore 430 anotaurwa pano anosanganisira nguva iyo vanakomana vaIsraeri vakagara “munyika yeIjipiti uye munyika yeKanani.” (NW Reference Bible, mashoko omuzasi) Abrahama aiva nemakore 75 akayambuka Rwizi rweYufuratesi muna 1943 B.C.E. achienda kuKanani. (Genesi 12:4) Kubvira ipapo kusvikira panguva iyo Jakobho uyo aiva nemakore 130 akapinda muIjipiti paiva nemakore 215. (Genesi 21:5; 25:26; 47:9) Izvi zvinoreva kuti vaIsraeri vakazogara makore 215 muIjipiti.

15:8—Mvura “yakagwamba” yomuGungwa Dzvuku chaizvoizvo yaiva mvura yakaoma kuita chando here? Shoko rechiHebheru rinoshandurwa kuti “gwamba” rinoreva kudzoka kunoita chinhu chichiva chiduku kana kuti kukora kwechinhu changa chiri mvura mvura. Pana Jobho 10:10, shoko racho rinoshandisirwa mukaka wakaodzekwa. Saka, mvura yakagwamba hairevi hayo mvura yakaoma kuita chando, kana kuti mazaya. Kana “mhepo ine simba, yakabva kumabvazuva” inotaurwa pana Eksodho 14:21 yakanga ichitonhora zvakakwana kuita kuti mvura ive chando, hapana mubvunzo kuti zvaizodai zvakataurwa kuti mhepo yacho yaitonhora zvikuru. Sezvo pakanga pasina chinoonekwa chakanga chakabata mvura yacho, yaiita seyakagwamba, yakaomeswa, kana kuti yakakora.

Zvatinodzidza:

7:14–12:30. Matambudziko ane gumi akanga asiri tsaonawo zvayo. Akafanotaurwa nezvawo uye akauya panguva chaiyo yainge yataurwa. Kuunzwa kwawo kunoratidza sei zvakajeka kudzora kwoMusiki mvura, chiedza chezuva, tumbuyu, mhuka, uye vanhu! Matambudziko acho anoratidzawo kuti Mwari anogona kusarudza kuunza njodzi pavavengi vake asi achidzivirira vanamati vake.

11:2; 12:36. Jehovha anokomborera vanhu vake. Zviri pachena kuti akanga ava kuita kuti vaIsraeri vachipiwa mubayiro webasa ravo muIjipiti. Vakanga vapinda munyika yacho vakasununguka, kwete sevasungwa vomuhondo vaifanira kuitwa varanda.

14:30. Tinogona kuva nechivimbo chokuti Jehovha achanunura vanamati vake pa“kutambudzika kukuru” kuri kuuya.—Mateu 24:20-22; Zvakazarurwa 7:9, 14.

JEHOVHA ANORONGA RUDZI RWAANOTONGA

(Eksodho 15:22–40:38)

Mumwedzi wechitatu vanunurwa muIjipiti, vaIsraeri vanodzika musasa mujinga reGomo reSinai. Ipapo vanopiwa Mirayiro Gumi nemimwewo mitemo, vanoita sungano naJehovha, vova rudzi rwaanotonga. Mosesi anopedza mazuva 40 ari mugomo, achipiwa mirayiridzo ine chokuita nokunamata kwechokwadi uye kuvakwa kwetebhenekeri yaJehovha, temberi inotakurika. Izvi zvichiitika, vaIsraeri vanoumba mhuru yendarama ndokuinamata. Mosesi anoona izvi paanodzika, obva ashatirwa zvokuti anoputsa mahwendefa amabwe aakanga apiwa naMwari. Pashure pokunge vatadzi vacho  varangwa, anokwirazve mugomo obva apiwa mamwe mahwendefa maviri. Tebhenekeri inotanga kuvakwa Mosesi paanodzoka. Panozopera gore rokutanga vaIsraeri vakasununguka, tende iyi inoshamisa nezvishongo zvayo zvose inopera uye inomiswa. Zvadaro Jehovha anozadza tende yacho nokubwinya kwake.

Mibvunzo yeMagwaro Inopindurwa:

20:5—Jehovha “anorova vana nokuda kwezvivi zvamadzibaba avo” pazvizvarwa zvomunguva yemberi sei? Kana asvitsa zera rokuzvidavirira, munhu mumwe nomumwe anotongwa maererano nomufambiro uye zviito zvake. Asi rudzi rwaIsraeri parwakatanga kunamata zvidhori, rwakatambura migumisiro yacho kwezvizvarwa kubvira ipapo. Kunyange vaIsraeri vakatendeka vakatamburawo migumisiro yokutsauka pakunamata kworudzi rwacho zvokuti zvainge zvakavaomera kuramba vakatendeka.

23:19; 34:26—Murayiro wokusabika mbudzana nomukaka waamai vayo wairevei? Kubika mbudzana (mwana wembudzi kana weimwewo mhuka) nomukaka waamai vayo inonzi yaiva tsika yechihedheni inofungidzirwa kuti yaiita kuti mvura inaye. Uyezve, sezvo mukaka waamai uri wokukudza vana, kuubikisa mwana wayo chaizova chiito choutsinye. Mutemo uyu wakabatsira kuratidza vanhu vaMwari kuti vaifanira kuva netsitsi.

23:20-23—Ngirozi yaitaurwa pano ndiani, uye zita raJehovha raiva ‘mairi’ sei? Zvichida, ngirozi iyi yaiva Jesu asati ava munhu. Akashandiswa kutungamirira vaIsraeri pavaienda kuNyika Yakapikirwa. (1 VaKorinde 10:1-4) Zita raJehovha riri “maari” mukuti Jesu ndiye mukuru mukutsigira uye mukutsvenesa zita raBaba vake.

32:1-8, 25-35—Nei Aroni asina kurangirwa kuumba mhuru yendarama? Aroni akanga asingabvumirani nomwoyo wose kunamata zvidhori. Gare gare, sezviri pachena akabatana nevamwe vaRevhi mukutsigira Mwari uye achipokana nevaya vaipikisana naMosesi. Vaiva nemhosva vaurayiwa, Mosesi akayeuchidza vanhu kuti vainge vatadza kwazvo, zvichiratidza kuti paiva nevamwewo kunze kwaAroni vakanzwirwa ngoni naJehovha.

33:11, 20—Mwari akataura sei naMosesi “zviso zvakatarisana”? Mashoko aya anoratidza kukurukurirana kwoushamwari. Mosesi akataura nomumiririri waMwari uye akapiwa mashoko aJehovha nomuromo nomumiririri uyu. Asi Mosesi haana kuona Jehovha, sezvo ‘pasina munhu anogona kuona Mwari akararama.’ Kutaura zvazviri, Jehovha pachake haana kutaura naMosesi. Mutemo “wakapiwa nokungirozi noruoko rwomurevereri,” inodaro VaGaratiya 3:19.

Zvatinodzidza:

15:25; 16:12. Jehovha anotarisira vanhu vake.

18:21. Varume vanosarudzwa kuti vave nenzvimbo dzebasa muungano yechiKristu vanofanirawo kuva nounyanzvi, vanotya Mwari, vakavimbika, uye vasina udyire.

20:1–23:33. Jehovha ndiye Mupi Wemitemo mukuru. Payaiteererwa, mitemo yake yaiita kuti vaIsraeri vamunamate zvakarongeka uye vachifara. Jehovha ane sangano raanotonga nhasi. Kushandira pamwe naro kunoita kuti tifare uye tichengeteke.

Zvarinonyatsoreva Kwatiri

Bhuku raEksodho rinoratidzei nezvaJehovha? Rinomuratidza soMupi ane rudo, Mununuri asina anoenzana naye, uye Muzadziki wezvinangwa zvake. NdiMwari wesangano rakarongeka.

Sezvaunoverenga Bhaibheri vhiki nevhiki uchigadzirira Chikoro chaMwari Choushumiri, hapana mubvunzo kuti uchakurudzirwa zvikuru nezvaunodzidza mubhuku raEksodho. Paunofunga zvakanyorwa pachikamu chinoti “Mibvunzo yeMagwaro Inopindurwa,” uchawedzera kunzwisisa dzimwe ndima dzeMagwaro. Mashoko ari pachikamu chakanzi “Zvatinodzidza” achakuratidza kuti ungabatsirwa sei nokuverenga Bhaibheri kwevhiki yacho.

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 24, 25]

Jehovha akatuma Mosesi, munhu munyoro, kuti abudise vaIsraeri muuranda

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 25]

Matambudziko Gumi airatidza kudzora kwoMusiki mvura, chiedza chezuva, tumbuyu, mhuka, uye vanhu

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 26, 27]

Achishandisa Mosesi, Jehovha akaronga vaIsraeri kuti vave rudzi rwaanotonga