Baebele—A ke Hisitori e e Boammaaruri?
Baebele—A ke Hisitori e e Boammaaruri?
BA NE ba atlhola babusi. Ba ne ba otlhaya baperesiti. Ba ne ba kgalemela batho ba ba tlwaelegileng ka ntlha ya boikepo jwa bone. Gape ba ne ba kwala ka diphoso tsa bone le maleo a bone ka bobone phatlalatsa. Ba ne ba sotlwa e bile ba bogisiwa, e bile bangwe ba bone ba ne ba bolawa ka ntlha ya go bua boammaaruri le go bo kwala. E ne e le bomang? Baporofeti ba Baebele, ba bontsi jwa bone ba kwadileng Dikwalo Tse di Boitshepo.—Mathaio 23:35-37.
Page Smith o kwala jaana mo bukeng ya gagwe ya The Historian and History: “[Bahebera] ba ne ba bega boammaaruri jotlhe ka bagaka ba bone ka tsela e e tshwanang fela le e ba neng ba bo bega ka dinokwane tsa bone, ba sa ithekegele fela jaaka ba ne ba sa rekegele baba ba bone ka gonne ba ne ba kwala ba lebilwe ke leitlho la Modimo, ba sa amogele sepe e bile ba sa latlhegelwe ke sepe ka ntlha ya go senola sengwe le sengwe.” Gape, Smith o ne a kwala gore “pego ya dipitlagano le diphenyo tsa batho ba ba tlhophilweng ke Modimo . . . ke pego e e kgatlhang thata fa e bapisiwa le pego e e lapisang ya ditiragalo ka go latelana ga tsone ya dikgosi tsa batlhabani tsa Siria kgotsa Egepeto. Bakwadi ba ditiragalo ba Bahebera ba ne ba lemogile nngwe ya dikarolo tse di botlhokwa thata tsa hisitori—gore e dirwa ke batho ba mmatota, ba ba nang le diphoso tsa bone le melato ya bone.
Bakwadi ba Baebele le bone ba ne ba kwala dilo tse di boammaaruri ba le kelotlhoko thata. Fa mokwadi e bong Werner Keller a sena go sekaseka Baebele go ya ka hisitori le thutamarope, o ne a bolela jaana mo matsenong a buka ya gagwe ya The Bible as History: “Ka ntlha ya bosupi jo bo seng kana ka sepe jo bo boammaaruri jo bo leng teng gone jaanong, . . . mafoko ano a ne a nna a tla gangwe le gape mo mogopolong wa me: ‘Go sa kgathalesege gore batho ba ne ba akanyang, Baebele e boammaaruri!’”
Hisitori e e Maatla e e Nang le Dithuto Tse di Maatla
Bontsi jwa bakwadi ba Baebele e ne e le batho ba ba tlwaelegileng fela—balemirui, badisa le batshwaraditlhapi. Le fa go ntse jalo, se ba se kwadileng mo e ka nnang dingwaga di le 1 600 tse di fetileng se tlhotlheleditse batho ba le bantsi go feta dibuka dipe tse dingwe, tsa bogologolo kgotsa tsa segompieno. Mo godimo ga moo, dilo tse ba di kwadileng di ntse di tlhaselwa ke batho gongwe le gongwe, mme ba iteile sefololetse. (Isaia 40:8; 1 Petere 1:25) Gompieno, Baebele e kgona go balwa ka dipuo di ka nna 2 200 e feletse kgotsa e le bontlhanngwe fela jwa yone—e feta buka le fa e le epe e nngwe! Ke ka ntlha yang fa Baebele e farologane thata jalo le dibuka tse dingwe? Ditemana tse di latelang di re thusa go araba potso eo.
“Lokwalo lotlhe lo tlhotlheleditswe ke Modimo e bile lo tswela mosola mo go ruteng, mo go kgalemeleng, mo go tlhamalatseng dilo, mo go otlhayeng ka tshiamo, gore motho wa Modimo a tshwanelege ka botlalo, a tlhomeleletse ka botlalo go dira tiro nngwe le nngwe e e molemo.”—2 Timotheo 3:16, 17.
“Gonne dilo tsotlhe tse di neng tsa kwalwa go sa le pele di ne tsa kwalelwa go re laya, gore ka boitshoko jwa rona le ka kgomotso ya Dikwalo re nne le tsholofelo.”—Baroma 15:4.
“Dilo tseno di ne tsa tswelela di ba diragalela [Baiseraele] e le dikao, mme di ne tsa kwalwa gore e nne tlhagiso mo go rona [Bakeresete] ba bokhutlo jwa ditsamaiso tseno tsa dilo bo gorogileng mo go rona.”—1 Bakorintha 10:11.
Ee, Baebele jaaka pego e e tlhotlheleditsweng ke Modimo e bile e le pego e e bolokilweng ya batho ba mmatota—bao bangwe ba bone ba neng ba itumedisa Modimo mme bangwe ba neng ba se ka ba mo itumedisa—e kwa godimo go gaisa dibuka tse dingwe
tsotlhe. Ga e a tlala ka ditaelo tsa gore motho o tshwanetse go dirang le gore a se ka a dira eng kgotsa ditlhamane tse di diretsweng go kgatlha bananyana. Ke boammaaruri gore Modimo o ne a dirisa batho go e kwalwa, mme seno se ne sa dira gore Baebele e nne buka e e gogelang, e e amang dipelo tsa batho ba ba e balang mo dikokomaneng ka go tlhomagana ga tsone. Moithutamarope e bong William Albright o ne a tlhalosa jaana: “Melao ya boitsholo le ya dilo tsa semoya ya Baebele e e bolelelang batho ka Modimo ka tsela e e tlhomologileng e e kwadilweng ke batho, e sa ntse e dira fela jaaka e ne e dira mo dingwageng di le dikete di le pedi kgotsa di le tharo tse di fetileng.”Go bontsha gore Baebele e sa ntse e le mo nakong, mma re boele kwa tshimologong ya hisitori ya motho—kwa Baebele e le yosi fela e ka re busetsang teng—mme re sekaseke dithuto dingwe tsa konokono mo bukeng ya Genesise.
Dithuto Tse di mo Nakong Tsa Hisitori ya Bogologolo
Sengwe sa dilo tse buka ya Genesise e se rutang ke tshimologo ya lelapa la motho—maina le tse dingwe. Ga go na buka epe e nngwe ya hisitori e e tlhalosang dilo tseno ka tlhamalalo jaana mo kgannyeng eno. O ka nna wa botsa wa re ‘Mosola wa go itse gore bagologolwane ba rona ba pele ke bomang ke ofe?’ Go na le mosola o mogolo tota, ka gonne fa Genesise e tlhalosa gore batho botlhe—go sa kgathalesege mmala wa bone, lotso kgotsa setšhaba—ba tswa mo batsading ba le bangwe fela, e fedisa lebaka lengwe le lengwe la gore batho ba nne le tlhaolele.—Ditiro 17:26.
Gape, Genesise e re kaela malebana le boitsholo. E na le pego e e buang ka Sodoma, Gomora le metse e e neng e bapile le tsone, e Modimo a neng a e senya ka ntlha ya tlhakanelodikobo e e maswe thata e e neng e dirwa ke banni ba yone. (Genesise 18:20–19:29) Temana ya 7 ya buka ya Baebele ya Jude e bolela jaana: “Sodoma le Gomora le metse e e mo tikologong ya tsone, fa di sena go dira kgokafalo mo go feteletseng . . . tsa bo tsa sala nama morago gore di e dirise ka tsela e e seng ya tlholego, di beilwe fa pele ga rona go nna sekao sa tlhagiso.” Batho ba Sodoma le Gomora ba ne ba se ka ba amogela melao epe ya boitsholo mo Modimong; le fa go ntse jalo, jaaka batho ba bangwe botlhe, ba ne ba na le segakolodi se ba se neilweng ke Modimo. Ka jalo, go ne go siame gore Modimo a dire gore ba ikarabelele ka ntlha ya ditiro tsa bone. (Baroma 1:26, 27; 2:14, 15) Ka tsela e e tshwanang gompieno, Modimo o tla dira gore batho botlhe ba ikarabele ka ntlha ya ditiro tsa bone, e ka tswa ba amogela Lefoko la gagwe, Baebele e e Boitshepo, kgotsa nnyaa.—2 Bathesalonika 1:8, 9.
Thuto ya Hisitori e e Malebana le go Falola
Setshwantsho se se gabilweng mo loboteng lwa Arch of Titus kwa Roma se bontsha masole a Roma a tsamaya a tshotse dijana tse di boitshepo tse di tswang mo tempeleng kwa Jerusalema morago ga motse oo o sena go senngwa ka ngwaga wa 70 C.E. Go ne ga bolawa Bajuda ba feta milione. Le fa go ntse jalo, Bakeresete ba ba kutlo bone ba ne ba falola, ba thusiwa ke tlhagiso e Jesu a neng a e ntsha go sa le gale e e reng: “Fa lo bona Jerusalema a dikologilwe ke masole a a thibeletseng, itseng gore go kgakgabadiwa ga gagwe go atametse. A ba ba kwa Judea ba simolole go tshabela kwa dithabeng, mme a ba ba mo gare ga gagwe ba tloge, le ba ba mo mafelong a selegae a ba se ka ba tsena mo go ene; ka gonne ano ke malatsi a go diragatsa tshiamiso.”—Luke 21:20-22.
Pitlagano e e neng ya wela Jerusalema ga se tiragalo fela ya bogologolo ya nako e e fetileng mme e ne e bontsha pitlagano e kgolwane e e tla tlogang e tlela lefatshe lotlhe. Mme go tla boa gape go nna le ba ba falolang. Ba tlhalosiwa e le “boidiidi jo bogolo . . . bo tswa mo merafeng yotlhe le ditso le ditšhaba le diteme.” Ba ‘tswa mo pitlaganong e kgolo’ ka ntlha ya go dumela ga bone mo mading a a tsholotsweng a ga Jesu—e leng tumelo e e theilweng ka tsela e e nonofileng mo hisitoring ya Baebele le mo boporofeting.—Tshenolo 7:9, 14.
Hisitori E e Se Kitlang e Ipoeletsa
Gompieno re tshela mo nakong ya Mmuso wa Lefatshe wa Maesemane le Maamerika, wa bofelo mo boporofeting jwa Baebele. Go ya kafa dilo di ileng tsa diragala ka gone, hisitori e bontsha gore le one o tshwanetse go wa fela jaaka e mengwe e e tlileng pele ga one. Mme o tla wa jang? Go ya ka Baebele, go khutla ga mmuso ono e tla nna selo se se tlhomologileng eleruri. Fa Daniele 2:44 e ne e bolelela pele ngwaga wa 1914 C.E., e ne ya bolela jaana ka dipuso tsa bopolotiki tse di busang, kgotsa “magosi”: “Mo metlheng ya dikgosi tseo Modimo wa legodimo o tla tlhoma bogosi jo bo se kitlang bo senngwa le ka motlha. Mme bogosi joo ga bo kitla bo fetisediwa mo bathong bape ba bangwe. Bo tla thubaganya bo fedisa magosi ano otlhe, mme bo tla ema ka bosakhutleng.”
Ee, Bogosi jwa Modimo—puso ya gagwe ya selegodimo e Keresete Jesu a busang mo go yone—bo tla nyeletsa gotlhelele puso nngwe le nngwe e e gatelelang ya batho ka Aramagedona, e leng setlhoa sa “pitlagano e kgolo” e e umakilweng pelenyana. Morago ga moo, Bogosi jono ga bo “kitla bo fetisediwa mo bathong bape ba bangwe,” mo go bolelang gore ga bo kitla bo menolwa kana bo fedisiwa ka ditlhopho. Puso ya jone e tla “ya kwa mafelelong a lefatshe.”—Pesalema 72:8.
Pesalema 72:7 e solofetsa jaana: “Mosiami o tla tlhoga, le letlotlo la kagiso go fitlha ngwedi e sa tlhole e le teng.” Nonofo e e tlhomologileng ya Modimo ya lorato e tla aparela lefatshe lotlhe, e seng bopelotshetlha le boikgogomoso. (1 Johane 4:8) Jesu o ne a bolela jaana: “Lo ratane.” Mokwalahisitori e bong Will Durant o ne a bolela jaana kaga seno: “Thuto ya bofelo e ke e ithutileng mo hisitoring e tshwana le ya ga Jesu. . . . Lorato ke selo se se botlhokwa thata mo lefatsheng.”
Kgabagare, go gatelelwa ke bodumedi jwa maaka go go ntseng go ipoapoeletsa, dipolotiki tse di gatelelang, le kgwebo e e bogagapa di tla khutla.Lorato lo Modimo a ratang batho ka lone lo ne lwa mo tlhotlheletsa gore a tlhotlheletse go kwalwa ga Baebele. Ke yone fela e e re sedimosetsang ka boammaaruri ka dilo tsa nako e e fetileng, tsa gone jaanong, le tsa isagwe. Tsweetswee amogela molaetsa wa yone o o bolokang botshelo ka go dirisa nako e e lekaneng sentle go ithuta Baebele. Gore o kgone go amogela molaetsa oo, Basupi ba ga Jehofa ba bolelela baagelani ba bone “dikgang tse di molemo tsa bogosi” e le fa ba ikobela taelo eo ya ga Jesu. Go ise go ye kae, dikgang tse di molemo tseno ga e na go tlhola e nna boporofeti jo bo iseng bo diragadiwe. Di tla nna selo se se diregileng mo nakong e e fetileng.—Mathaio 24:14.
[Mafoko a a mo go tsebe 9]
“Baebele e boammaaruri!”—WERNER KELLER
[Mafoko a a mo go tsebe 11]
“Melao ya boitsholo le ya dilo tsa semoya ya Baebele . . . e sa ntse e dira gompieno fela jaaka e ne e dira mo dingwageng di le dikete di le pedi kgotsa di le tharo tse di fetileng.”—WILLIAM ALBRIGHT, MOITHUTAMAROPE
[Ditshwantsho mo go tsebe 9]
Moabite Stone: Contains King Mesha’s version of the conflict between Moab and Israel (2 Kings 3:4-27), the names of various Bible places, and God’s name in ancient Hebrew letters.
[Motswedi wa Setshwantsho]
Musée du Louvre, Paris.
Silver denarius coin: Replica bears image and inscription of Tiberius Caesar (Mark 12:15-17).
Nabonidus Chronicle: A cuneiform tablet that confirms the sudden fall of Babylon to Cyrus. (Daniel, chapter 5)
[Motswedi wa Setshwantsho]
Photograph taken by courtesy of the British Museum.
Stone slab: Bears name of Pontius Pilate in Latin.
[Motswedi wa Setshwantsho]
Photograph © Israel Museum, Jerusalem; courtesy of Israel Antiquities Authority.
Background of Dead Sea Scroll: A study of the Isaiah text proved that this book had remained practically unchanged over a period of 1,000 years of hand copying.
[Motswedi wa Setshwantsho]
Shrine of the Book, Israel Museum, Jerusalem.
[Ditshwantsho mo go tsebe 10]
Setshwantsho se se gabilweng mo loboteng sa “Arch of Titus” se ntsha bosupi jwa go senngwa ga Jerusalema ka 70 C.E.
[Motswedi wa Setshwantsho]
Soprintendenza Archeologica di Roma