Kuo Pau Nai Ke Ke Tui ki Ai?

NAʻE fāinga ʻa e tokotaha ako taʻu 12 ke mahinoʻi ʻa e ngaahi tefitoʻi moʻoni tefito ʻo e ʻāsipá. Naʻe tuku ʻe heʻene faiakó ki he kalasí ha fika fakaʻāsipa naʻe hā ngali hangatonu.

“Tuku ʻa e x=y pea tuku ke na fakatou maʻu ʻa e mahuʻinga ko e 1,” ko ʻene kamatá ia.

‘ʻOku hā ngali ko ha foʻi fakamatala ʻuhinga lelei ia,’ ko e fakakaukau ia ʻa e tokotaha akó.

Kae kehe, hili ʻa e laine ʻe fā ʻo e meʻa naʻe hā ngali hangē ha fikaʻi totonú, naʻe ʻomai ai ʻe he faiakó ha ola fakaʻohovale: “Ko ia ai, ko e 2=1!”

“Fakahalaʻi angé iá,” ko ʻene poleʻi ia ʻa ʻene kau ako puputuʻú.

ʻI heʻene ʻilo mātuʻaki fakangatangata ki he ʻāsipá, naʻe ʻikai lava ʻa e kiʻi talavou akó ke sio pe ʻe anga-fēfē hano fakahalaʻi ia. Ko e sitepu kotoa pē ʻi hono fikaʻí naʻe hā mātuʻaki totonu. ʻE totonu leva ai, ke ne tui ki he fakamulituku faikehe ko ení? He ko ē, naʻe mātuʻaki taukei lahi ange ʻa ʻene faiakó he fiká ʻiate ia. Ko e moʻoni ʻoku ʻikai totonu ke ne fai pehē! ‘ʻOku ʻikai pau ke u fakahalaʻi eni,’ ko ʻene fakakaukau ia ʻiate iá. ‘ʻOku tala mai kiate au ʻe he fakakaukau fakapotopotó ʻoku taʻeʻuhinga eni.’ (Palovepi 14:​15, 18) Naʻá ne ʻiloʻi ʻe ʻikai lava ʻe heʻene faiakó pe ko ha taha pē ʻi heʻene kalasí ke fakafetongi ʻa e tola ʻe uá ki he taha!

ʻI he faai mai ʻa e taimí naʻe ʻiloʻi ʻe he tokotaha ako ʻāsipá ʻa e hala ʻi he foʻi fiká. ʻI he taimi tatau, ko e meʻa naʻe hokosiá naʻá ne akoʻi kiate ia ha lēsoni mahuʻinga. Naʻa mo hono ʻomai ʻe ha taha ʻokú ne maʻu ha ʻilo māʻolunga kāfakafa ha foʻi ʻuhinga ʻosi fokotuʻutuʻu lelei pea hā ngali ko ha ʻuhinga taʻefehuʻia, ʻoku ʻikai fiemaʻu ki ha tokotaha fanongo ke tui ki ha fakamulituku fakavalevale koeʻuhi pē ko e ʻikai lava ke ne fakahalaʻi ia he taimi ko iá. Naʻe muimui moʻoni ʻa e tokotaha akó ʻi ha tefitoʻi moʻoni faka-Tohitapu mātuʻaki ʻaonga ʻoku maʻu ʻi he 1 Sione 4:​1​—ke ʻoua ʻe tui vave ʻaupito ki he meʻa kotoa pē ʻokú ke fanongo ki aí, naʻa mo ʻene hā ko e haʻú mei ha tupuʻanga maʻu mafai.

ʻOku ʻikai ʻuhinga eni ia ʻoku totonu ke ke pipiki loto-fefeka ki he ngaahi fakakaukau kuó ke ʻosi maʻu ki muʻá. Ko ha hala ia ke ke tukunoaʻi ha fakamatala ʻoku lava ke ne fakatonutonu ʻa e ngaahi fakakaukau fehālaakí. Ka ʻoku totonu foki ke ʻoua te ke hoko ʻo “ueʻi vave mei hoʻo fakaʻuhingá” ʻi he fehangahangai mo e tenge mei ha taha ʻokú ne taukaveʻi ʻokú ne maʻu ha ʻilo pe tuʻunga mafai lahi. (2 Tesalonaika 2:2, NW) Ko e moʻoni, ko e faiakó, naʻá ne kiʻi kākaaʻi pē ʻa ʻene kau akó. Ko ia ai, ʻi he taimi ʻe niʻihi, ʻoku hā ngali ʻikai ha hala ʻa e ngaahi meʻá. ʻOku lava ke hoko ʻa e kakaí ʻo mātuʻaki “kākā ʻi hono palani ha hala.”​—Efeso 4:​14, NW; 2 Timote 2:​14, 23, 24.

ʻOku Tonu Maʻu Pē ʻa e Kau Mataotaó?

Neongo pe ko e hā nai ʻa e lahi ʻo ʻenau ʻiló, ko e kau mataotaó ʻi ha malaʻe pē ʻoku nau maʻu nai ʻa e ngaahi filioʻi fepakipaki mo e ngaahi fakakaukau feliliuaki. Ko e fakatātaá, ko e tipeiti hokohoko ʻi he saienisi fakafaitoʻó ʻi he meʻa tefito hangē ko e ngaahi tupuʻanga ʻo e mahakí. “Ko e mahuʻinga felāveʻiʻaki ʻo e fepaki ʻa natula mo e ʻātakaí ʻi he puké ʻokú ne faʻu ha makatuʻunga ʻo e tipeiti feʻiteʻitani ʻi he lotolotonga ʻo e kau faisaienisí,” ko e tohi ia ʻa ha palōfesa ʻo e faitoʻó ʻi he ʻUnivēsiti Harvard. Ko e faʻahinga ʻi he meʻa ko ia ʻoku ui ko e kulupu ʻosi fakatufakangaʻí ʻoku nau tui mālohi ko hotau kēnisí ʻoku ʻi ai ʻene kaunga pau ki heʻetau moʻuangofua ʻi he ngaahi mahaki kehekehé. Kae kehe, ko e niʻihi kehe, ʻoku nau kikihi ko e ʻātakaí mo e sīpinga moʻuí ʻa e ngaahi meʻa tefitó ʻi he ako ki he ngaahi mahaki ʻo e faʻahinga ʻo e tangatá. ʻOku vave ʻa e ongo faʻahí fakatouʻosi ke lave ki he ngaahi ako mo e ngaahi fika ke poupouʻiʻaki honau tuʻungá. Ka neongo ia, ʻoku hokohoko atu pē ʻa e tipeití.

Ko e kau fakakaukau ʻiloa tahá kuo fakamoʻoniʻi ʻenau toutou halá, neongo ko e meʻa naʻa nau akoʻí naʻe hā ngali ʻikai lava ʻo fakakikihiʻi ʻi he taimi ko iá. Ko e filōsefa ko Bertrand Russell naʻá ne fakamatalaʻi ʻa ʻAlisitōtolo ko e taha ia ʻo e  “tokotaha tākiekina lahi taha ʻi he kotoa ʻo e kau filōsefá.” Ka, naʻe toe fakamatalaʻi ʻe Russell ko e lahi ʻo e ngaahi tokāteline ʻa ʻAlisitōtoló naʻe “hala kotoa.” “ʻI he kotoa ʻo onopōní,” naʻá ne tohi, “ko e meimei laka kotoa ki muʻa ʻi he saienisí, ʻi he fakaʻuhingá, pe ʻi he filōsofiá naʻe pau ke fai ia ʻi he fakafepaki fakahangatonu mei he kau ākonga ʻa ʻAlisitōtoló.”​—History of Western Philosophy.

“Ko e ʻIlo-Loloto, ka ko e Lauhala”

Ngalingali naʻe fetaulaki ʻa e muʻaki kau Kalisitiané mo e tokolahi ʻa ia ko e kau ākonga ʻa e kau filōsefa ʻiloa Kalisí, hangē ko Sōkolotesi, Palato, mo ʻAlistōtoló. Ko e kakai ako ʻo e taimi ko iá naʻa nau vakai kiate kinautolu ʻoku nau māʻolunga fakaeʻatamai ange ʻi he tokolahi taha ʻo e kau Kalisitiané. Naʻe ʻikai tokolahi ʻa e kau ākonga ʻa Sīsū naʻe vakai ki ai naʻa nau “poto fakakakano.” (1 Kolinito 1:26) Ko hono moʻoní, ko e faʻahinga naʻe ako ʻi he ngaahi filōsofia ʻo e ʻaho ko iá naʻa nau fakakaukau ko e meʻa naʻe tui ki ai ʻa e kau Kalisitiané naʻe “fakavalevale” pe “launoa fakaʻaufuli.”​—1 Kolinito 1:23; Phillips.

Kapau naʻá ke ʻi he lotolotonga ʻo e muʻaki kau Kalisitiane ko iá, naʻe mei maongo nai kiate koe ʻa e ngaahi fakaʻuhinga fakalotoʻi ʻa e kulupu poto ʻo e ʻaho ko iá pe fakavaivaiʻi ʻe heʻenau fakahāhā ʻa e potó? (Kolose 2:4) Ne ʻikai mei ai ha ʻuhinga ki he meʻa ko iá, fakatatau ki he ʻapositolo ko Paulá. Naʻá ne fakamanatu ki he kau Kalisitiané ʻoku vakai ʻa Sihova ki he “poto ʻo e kau poto” pea mo e “ʻilo ʻo e kau ʻiloʻilo” ʻo e ʻaho ko iá ko e vale. (1 Kolinito 1:19) “Ko e hā,” ko ʻene ʻeké ia, “ʻa e meʻa kuo pau ke fakahaaʻi ʻe he filōsefá, tokotaha-tohí pea mo e fakaanga ʻo e māmani ko ení ki he kotoa honau potó?” (1 Kolinito 1:​20, Phillips) Neongo ʻa ʻenau poto fakaʻatamaí kotoa, ko e kau filōsefá, ko e kau hiki-tohí, mo e kau fakaanga ʻo e ʻaho ʻo Paulá kuo ʻikai te nau ʻomai ha tali moʻoni ki he ngaahi palopalema ʻa e faʻahinga ʻo e tangatá.

Ko ia, kuo ako ʻa e kau Kalisitiané ke fakaʻehiʻehi mei he meʻa naʻe pehē ʻe he ʻapositolo ko Paulá ko e “ngaahi fakakikihi ʻa e meʻa na ʻoku lau ko e ʻIlo-loloto, ka ko e lauhala.” (1 Timote 6:20) Ko e ʻuhinga naʻe ui ai ʻe Paula ʻa e ʻilo peheé ko e ‘halá’ ko e ʻikai ʻi ai ʻa e moʻoniʻi meʻa mahuʻinga ʻe taha​—ko ha tupuʻanga pe fakamatala mei he ʻOtuá ʻa ia ʻe lava ke ʻahiʻahiʻi ai ʻenau ngaahi tuí. (Siope 28:12; Palovepi 1:7) ʻI he hala iá, pea fakakuihi ʻi he taimi tatau ʻe he tokotaha pule kākā, ko Sētané, ko e faʻahinga ʻoku pipiki ki he ʻilo peheé ʻe ʻikai ʻaupito lava ke nau ʻamanaki ke maʻu ʻa e moʻoní.​—1 Kolinito 2:​6-8, 14; 3:​18-​20; 2 Kolinito 4:4; 11:14; Fakahā 12:9.

Ko e Tohitapú​—Ko ha Tataki Fakamānavaʻi

Naʻe ʻikai ʻaupito veiveiua ʻa e muʻaki kau Kalisitiané ki hono fakaeʻa ʻe he ʻOtuá ʻa hono finangaló, taumuʻá, mo ʻene ngaahi tefitoʻi moʻoní ʻi he ngaahi Konga Tohitapú. (2 Timote 3:​16, 17) Naʻe maluʻi ʻe he meʻá ni kinautolu mei hono ‘holataki ʻe he poto fiefilosefá ʻi he ʻalunga ʻo e ngaahi tuʻutuʻuni fakaeonoʻaho ʻa e kakaí.’ (Kolose 2:8) ʻOku tatau pē ʻa e tuʻungá ʻi he ʻahó ni. ʻI he kehe mei he ngaahi fakakaukau puputuʻu mo fepakipaki ʻa e tangatá, ʻoku tokonaki mai ʻe he Folofola fakamānavaʻi ʻa e ʻOtuá ha makatuʻunga fefeka ʻa ia ʻoku lava ke tau fakatefito ai ʻetau ngaahi tuí. (Sione 17:17; 1 Tesalonaika 2:​13; 2 Pita 1:​21) ʻI he ʻikai iá te tau ʻi he tuʻunga taʻemalava ʻo e feinga ke langa ha meʻa fefeka ʻi he ngaahi ʻoneʻone feliliuaki ʻo e ngaahi tui mo e ngaahi filōsofia fakaetangatá.​—Mātiu 7:​24-​27.

‘Ka ki muʻa ke hoko atú,’ ʻe pehē nai ʻe ha taha. ‘ʻIkai ʻoku moʻoni ko e ngaahi moʻoniʻi meʻa ʻo e saienisí kuo fakahaaʻi ai ʻoku hala ʻa e Tohitapú pea ko ia ʻoku ʻikai alafalalaʻanga ia ʻo laka hake ʻi he ngaahi filōsofia feliliuaki ʻa e tangatá?’ Ko e fakatātaá, naʻe taukaveʻi ʻe Bertrand Russell, ko “Kōpenikasi, Kepilā, mo Kalileó naʻe pau ke nau faitau mo ʻAlisitōtolo pea pehē ki he Tohitapú ʻi hono fokotuʻu ʻa e foʻi fakakaukau ko e māmaní ʻoku ʻikai ko e senitā ia ʻo e ʻunivēsí.” (Fakaʻītali ʻamautolu.) Pea ʻikai ʻoku moʻoni ko e ʻahó ni, ko e fakatātaá, ʻoku tuʻukāivi ʻa e kau tui ki he fakatupú ʻo pehē ʻoku akoʻi ʻe he Tohitapú naʻe fakatupu ʻa e foʻi māmaní ʻi he ngaahi ʻaho ʻe ono houa ʻe 24, lolotonga ia ʻoku fakahaaʻi ʻe he moʻoniʻi meʻá kotoa ko e foʻi māmaní tonu ʻoku laui miliona ʻa hono taʻumotuʻá?

Ko hono moʻoní, ʻoku ʻikai ke pehē ʻe he Tohitapú ko e foʻi māmaní ʻa e senitā ʻo e ʻunivēsí. Ko ha akonaki ia ʻa e kau taki lotu ʻa ia ko kinautolú tonu naʻe ʻikai te nau pipiki ki he Folofola ʻa e ʻOtuá. Ko e fakamatala ʻa Senesi ki he fakatupú ʻoku fakahaaʻi ai ko e foʻi māmaní ʻoku laui miliona hono taʻumotuʻá pea ʻoku ʻikai te ne fakangatangata ʻa e ʻaho fakatupu taki taha ki he houa  ʻe 24. (Senesi 1:1, 5, 8, 13, 19, 23, 31; 2:​3, 4) Ko ha fakafuofua faitotonu ʻa e Tohitapú ʻoku fakahaaʻi ai lolotonga ʻoku ʻikai ko ha tohi ako fakasaienisi ia, ʻoku ʻikai moʻoni ko ha “launoa fakaʻaufuli.” Ko hono moʻoní, ʻoku feongoongoi kakato ia mo e saienisi kuo fakamoʻoniʻí. a

Ko e “Mālohi ʻo e Fakaʻuhingá”

Neongo ko e tokolahi ʻo e kau ākonga ʻa Sīsuú ko e kau tangata mo e kau fefine tupu māʻulalo, mo ha tuʻunga fakaako fakangatangata nai, naʻa nau maʻu ha toe koloa ʻe taha naʻe foaki ange ʻe he ʻOtuá ʻo malava ke nau ngāueʻaki. Neongo pe ko e hā ʻa honau ʻātakaí, naʻe tuku ki he tokotaha kotoa ʻa e mafai fakaefakaʻuhinga mo e ngaahi malava fakaefakakaukau. Naʻe fakalototoʻaʻi ʻe he ʻapositolo ko Paulá ʻa hono kaungā Kalisitiané ke ngāue-kakato-ʻaki ʻenau “mālohi ʻo e fakaʻuhingá” ke “fakamoʻoniʻi kiate [kinautolu] ʻa e finangalo lelei mo fakahōifua mo haohaoa ʻo e ʻOtuá.”​—Loma 12:1, 2, NW.

ʻAki honau “mafai ʻo e fakaʻuhinga” naʻe foaki ange ʻe he ʻOtuá, naʻe sio māʻalaʻala ʻa e muʻaki kau Kalisitiané ko ha filōsofia pe akonaki pē naʻe ʻikai feongoongoi mo e Folofola ʻa e ʻOtuá kuo fakaeʻá naʻe taʻeʻaonga ia. Ko hono moʻoní, ʻi he ngaahi tuʻunga ʻe niʻihi ko e kau poto ʻi honau ʻahó naʻa nau ‘lolomi ʻa e moʻoní’ mo tukunoaʻi ʻa e fakamoʻoni takatakai ʻiate kinautolu ʻoku ʻi ai ha ʻOtuá. “Lolotonga ʻenau taukave ʻoku nau poto, naʻa nau hoko ʻo vale,” ko e tohi ia ʻa e ʻapositolo ko Paulá. Koeʻuhi naʻa nau talitekeʻi ʻa e moʻoni fekauʻaki mo e ʻOtuá pea mo ʻene taumuʻá, “naʻe taka launoa ʻenau ngaahi fakakaukau; pea poʻuli tuʻu honau loto taʻeʻilo.”—Loma 1:​18-22; Selemaia 8:8, 9.

Ko e faʻahinga ko ia ʻoku nau pehē ʻoku nau potó ʻoku nau faʻa hoko ki he ngaahi fakamulituku hangē ko e “ʻOku ʻikai ha ʻOtua” pe “ʻOku ʻikai fiemaʻu ke falala ki he Tohitapú” pe “ʻOku ʻikai ko e ‘ngaahi ʻaho fakaʻosí’ eni.” Ko e ngaahi fakakaukau peheé ʻi he ʻafio mai ʻa e ʻOtuá ʻoku fakavalevale tatau pē ia mo e fakamulituku ko e “2=1.” (1 Kolinito 3:​19) Ko e hā pē ʻa e tuʻunga mafai ʻoku taukaveʻi nai ʻe he kakaí, ʻoku ʻikai fiemaʻu ia ke ke tali ʻenau ngaahi fakamulitukú kapau ʻoku nau fakafepakiʻi ʻa e ʻOtuá, tukunoaʻi ʻa ʻene Folofolá, pea maumauʻi ʻa e fakakaukau fakapotopotó. Ko hono fakamulitukú, ko e ʻalunga fakapotopotó ke tuku maʻu pē ke “moʻoni pe ʻa e ʻOtua, kae loi ʻa e kakai kotoa pe.”—Loma 3:4.

[Fakamatala ʻi lalo]

[Fakatātā ʻi he peesi 31]

ʻI he kehe mei he ngaahi fakakaukau feliliuaki ʻa e tangatá, ʻoku tokonaki mai ʻe he Tohitapú ha makatuʻunga fefeka ki he tuí

[Maʻuʻanga ʻo e Tā]

Toʻohemá, ʻEpikuliō: Photograph taken by courtesy of the British Museum; ʻolunga hake ʻi lotó, Palato: National Archaeological Museum, Athens, Greece; toʻomataʻú, Sōkolotesi: Roma, Musei Capitolini