Ibbaibbele Ndibbuku Ndyomukonzya Kusyoma-Cibeela 3

Babuloni Kuciindi ca Bbaibbele

Eeci ncibalo catatu mumulongo wazibalo zyamu “Sinsimuka!” izili ciloba izibandika masi aayendelezya nyika yoonse aali ciloba aambwa mu Bbaibbele. Makanze ngakutondezya kuti Bbaibbele lilasyomeka alimwi lyakasololelwa a Leza akuti mulumbe uuli mumo ulapa bulangizi bwakuti mapenzi oonse aaboola akaambo kalunya lwabasikudyaaminina bantunyina ayoomana.

BABULONI wansiku munzi wakali kujanika makilomita aatandila ku 80 kumusanza aa Baghdad, ooyu munzi wakali mubotu kapati. Munzi wa Babuloni wakali kulibonya kuti taukonzyi kuzundwa akaambo kakuti wakajisi bwaanda bupati bwa bulambo bobilo alimwi wakazungulukidwe cizyiba cipati mocili mwida alimwi cilamfwu kuyaansi. Munzi ooyu wakalizyibidwe akaambo ka matempele aayebeka, amyuunda yamaluba, alimwi amatempele malamfwu. Munzi wa Babuloni uuli akati kaminzi mipati iizibidwe munyika alimwi waambwa kuti ngomunzi mupati aali yoonse akati kaminzi yakaindi.

Bbaibbele lyaamba kuti Babuloni wakali “Namalelo Wazisi” alimwi cakali cisi catatu kweendelezya nyika yoonse kuciindi ca Bbaibbele. (Isaya 47:5) Mbubwenya mbuli bulelo bwa Egepita aa Asuri zyakali kweendelezya nyika Babuloni katana talika kweendelezya, Bulelo bwa Babuloni bwakajisi mulimo mupati kuciindi ca Bbaibbele, ikutugwasya kubona ncolyaamba Bbaibbele amabbuku aanyika kujatikizya bulelo oobu.

Makani Aazyakaindi Aasyomeka

Ibbuku lya Daniele litwaambila kuti mwaalumi uuli aazyina lya Belisazara awalo wakali  mwami wa Babuloni. (Daniele 5:1) Pele mabbuku amwi aanyika akaamba kuti Belisazara kunyina naakalela mubwami bwa Babuloni, nokuba kuti wakalijisi nguzu. Sena Bbaibbele tiilyakaluzi? Basikuvwukkula zyintu zyakaindi bakavwukkula tukaye tunji mumatongo aamunzi wa Uri mucisi ciitwa kuti Mesopotamiya. Mumalembe aaya aa cuneiform kwakajanika mupailo wa Mwami Nabonidus ngwakapailila ooyo ngwaakati “Beli-sar-ussur mwanaangu mupati.” Bbuku litegwa New Bible Dictionary lyakaamba kuti buvwuntauzyi bumbi bwakatondezya kuti Belisazara “wakali kugwasyilizya bausyi kulela kwamyaka iinda kucisela mubulelo bwabo alimwi kuciindi eeci mulimo ngwaakali kucita wakaleelene awamwami.”

Makani aazyakaindi atondezya kuti Babuloni wansiku wakali munzi wakazwide bukombi, abasikulingula nyenyezi, alimwi abasikusonda. Mucikozyanyo, mubbuku lya Ezekiele 21:21, tubala kuti mwami wa Babuloni wakasonda kutegwa azyibe naa wakeelede kulwana cisi ca Jerusalemu. Ibbaibbele lyaamba kuti mwami “[waka]lingula muni.” Ino nkaambo nzi ncaakalingwida muni? Bana Babuloni bakali kubelesya cizo eeci mukusonda. Bbuku lyakuti Mesopotamian Astrology litwaambila kuti kubusena bomwe buyo mu Babuloni wansiku, basikuvwukkula zyakaindi bakajana “tukaye tuli 32 tuboneka mbuli muni, toonse twakalembedwe” zyakusonda.

Sikuvwukkula uuli aazyina lya Nelson Glueck wakaamba kuti: “Kwamyaka iili 30 ndakali kuvwukkula zyakaindi kumwi kandibona Bbaibbele ncolyaamba mumakani aazyakaindi, alimwi kunyina nindakajana kuti Bbaibbele lilabeja mumakani aazyakaindi.”

Businsimi Busyomeka

Ino inga mwalimvwa buti kuti umwi muntu wamwaambila kuti dolopo pati—mbuli lya Lusaka—liyooba tongo? Mubwini mulakonzya kudooneka. Pele eeci ncicakacitika kuli Babuloni wansiku. Kakucili myaka iibalilwa ku 200, mumwaka wa 732 B.C.E., Jehova wakasololela musinsimi muna Hebrayo Isaya kulemba businsimi bwakali kwaamba zyakunyonyoonwa kwa Babuloni. Wakalemba kuti: “Babuloni, uujisi bulemu kwiinda zisi zyoonse . . . uyooba mbuli Sodoma a-Gomora. Taukooyookalwa limbi mane kukabe kutamani. Taakwe uuyookala mulinguwo mumazyalani oonse.”—Isaya 13:19, 20.

Nkaambo nzi Leza ncaakaambilila limwi kunyonyoonwa kwa Babuloni? Mu 607 B.C.E., basikalumamba baku Babuloni bakanyonyoona munzi wa Jerusalemu akubweza bantu boonse bakacili kupona akubatola ku Babuloni kwalo nkobakali kweendelezyegwa calunya. (Intembauzyo 137:8, 9) Leza wakaambila limwi kuti bantu bakwe bayoopenzyegwa myaka iili 70 akaambo kamicito yabo mibyaabi. Kumane Leza wakali kuyoobavwuna alimwi akubapilusya kumunzi wabo.—Jeremiya 25:11; 29:10.

Kweelana a Jwi lya Leza lyabusinsimi, mu 539 B.C.E.—myaka iili 70 yabuzike bwa Juda kaili afwaafwi kumana—munzi wa Babuloni  iwakali kulibonya kuti taukonzyi kuzundwa wakanyonyoonwa abasikalumamba baku Mediya a Persia. Mukuya kwaciindi, munzi ooyu wakaba matongo—mbubonya mbukwakaambidwe. Kunyina muntu wakali kukonzya kwaambila limwi cintu eeci cigambya cakacitika. Kakunyina akudooneka, ikusinsima naa kwaambila limwi zyintu zitiikacitike kumbele citondezya kuti Sikwaanza Bbaibbele, Jehova Leza uliindene abaleza bambi.—Isaya 46:9, 10.

Bbaibbele Lilapa Bulangizi Mbomukonzya Kusyoma

Businsimi abumwi buli mukuzuzikizyigwa mumazuba eesu. Businsimi oobu bujatikizya Mwami Nebukadinezara waku Babuloni alimwi aciloto ncaakalota cijatikizya cikozyanyo cipati kapati. Mubili wakali muzibeela zyosanwe—mutwe, camba amaboko, ida azibelo, myeendo azituta—acimwi cakapangidwe aalubulo lusiyene-siyene. (Daniele 2:31-33) Zibeela zyalubulo eezyi zyakali kwiiminina kutobelana kwamfwulumende naa mami aakali kuyooyendelezya nyika kutalikila kuli Babuloni kusikila kubwami bwa Britain a America (Anglo-America), ibwami bwaciloba kuciindi ca Bbaibbele.—Daniele 2:36-41.

Daniele wakaamba kuti kuzituta akuminwe yacikozyanyo eeci, kwakabelesyegwa musyobo uumbi walubulo. Ino munzila nzi? Muciindi cakubelesya lubulo lwini, kwakabelesyegwa butale buvwelene abulongo. Daniele wakapandulwida Nebukadinezara kuti: “Mbubonya mbowabona  butale buvwelene abulongo bwamatope, nkokuti buyooliswanaanya alunyungu lwabantu, pele tabakooyoojatana kabotu, mbubonya mbuli butale mbobutaswanaani abulongo.” (Daniele 2:43) Masimpe, kuvwelana kwabutale abulongo kupa kuti kutabi ‘kujatana kabotu.’ Masimpe eeci cipandulula mbobatakamantene basitwaambo twacisi munyika eeyi motukkala.

Daniele alimwi wakayubununa acimwi cintu cili mukuzuzikizyigwa. Muciloto cakwe, Mwami Nebukadinezara wakabona bbwe lyakakolomonwa kuzwa kucilundu cipati. Ibbwe eeli lyakawaalwa ‘akuuma cikozyano azituta zyaco, izyakali zyabutale buvwelene abulongo lyakazipwayaula.’ (Daniele 2:34) Ino eeci cipandulula nzi? Daniele mwini wakaingula kuti: “Mumazuba aabaami abo [cisi ceendelezya nyika yoonse camamanino nocinoolela], Leza wakujulu uyoobusya bwami butakooyoonyonyoonwa abuniini mane kukabe kutamani, anguzu zyabo tazikooyoosiilwa bantu bambi. Oobo bwami buyoopwayaula akumanisya mami aya oonse, alimwi bwalo buyooima nji kukabe kutamani.” (Daniele 2:44) Businsimi oobu bwakali kwaamba Bwami bwiindene amfwulumende iili yoonse iizyibidwe kubantu. Mwami wa bwami oobu ngu Jesu Kristo, Mesiya. Mbuli mbokwaambwa kale muzibalo zyakainda mbuli ceeci, Jesu uyoomunyonyoona Saatani abasikumutobela bakwe, bantu alimwi amadaimona akuleta luumuno alukamantano munyika yoonse mboizulwa.—1 Bakolinto 15:25.

[Majwi aakwelelezya sikubala aali apeeji 11]

“Kwamyaka iili 30 ndakali kuvwukkula zyakaindi . . . , alimwi kunyina nindakajana kuti Bbaibbele lilabeja mumakani aazyakaindi.”—Nelson Glueck

[Kabbokesi kali apeeji 12]

WAKASINSIMWA AKUBANDWA ZYINA

Businsimi bomwe bujatikizya kunyonyoonwa kwa Babuloni bwakali kubikkilizya a sikuzunda Mwami Koresi waku Persia. Myaka iitandila ku 200 Koresi katanaba Mwami, Jehova Leza wakamubanda zyina akusinsima kuti ngonguwe uyoozunda Babuloni.

Kaamba mbwaakali kuyoozunda Koresi, Isaya wakasololelwa amuuya kulemba kuti: “Mbuboobu Jehova mbwaambila munanike wakwe Koresi, nguwenya ngundajata kujanza lyalulyo kuti mfwiinsye bamasi . . . nkamujalwide milyango akukasya zitendele kujalwa.” Leza alimwi wakasinsima kuti Mulonga wa Firate wakali kuyooyuminina.—Isaya 45:1-3; Jeremiya 50:38.

Basikwiiya zyakaindi bana Giliki ba Herodotus aba Xenophon bakaamba kuti businsimi oobu bugambya bwakazuzikizyigwa ncobeni. Bakayubununa kuti Koresi wakaunyona Mulonga wa Firate, calo cakapa kuti meenda ayuminine kusikila mpobakali kukonzya kuzabuka. Impi ya Koresi yakacikonzya kunjila mumunzi kwiinda amilyango yakasiigwa kiitajedwe. Mbuli mbokwakasinsimwa, Babuloni wakanyonyoonwa ‘cakufwaambana’ mubusiku bomwe.—Jeremiya 51:8.

[Kabbokesi/Zifwanikiso izili apeeji 12, 13]

BABULONI MUPATI

Ibbuku lyamu Bbaibbele lya Ciyubunuzyo lyaamba muvwuule wacikozyanyo “Babuloni Mupati.” (Ciyubunuzyo 17:5) Ino mwanakazi muvwuule ooyu wiiminina nzi? Bumboni buliko butondezya kuti mukaintu muvwuule ooyu nimbunga yabukombi.

Babuloni wansiku wakali munzi wakaindide mumakani aabukombi, wakajisi matempele ainda ku 50 aabaleza bainde-indene. Bana Babuloni bakali kusyoma mubutatu alimwi akuti kuli muuya uutafwi mumuntu walo uunka kubusena kuli mudima ciindi muntu nafwa. Ibbuku lyakuti Funk & Wagnalls New Encyclopedia lyaamba kuti ooku kubusena, “bantu baliko tabakkomani balapenga nobayeeya mbobakali kupona nobakali anyika.”

Mukuya kwaciindi, njiisyo eezyi zyakamwaigwa munyika yoonse. Mazuba aano, bupanduluzi bwabo bucincidwe, bulakonzya kujanika muzikombelo zya Bunakristo bwanyika. Zikombelo eezyi zyoonse zipanga mbunga yabukombi ya Babuloni Mupati.

[Zifwanikiso]

Bana Babuloni bakali kukomba baleza babutatu. Zitondezyo zyabaleza babutatu bali boobu—Sin, Shamash alimwi a Ishtar—zilitondezyedwe aawa

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Zifwanikiso eezyi: Zyakazumizyigwa aba British Museum

[Cifwanikiso icili apeeji 10]

Kuzekaulwa kwacifwanikiso camunzi wa Babuloni wansiku

[Cifwanikiso icili apeeji 11]

Lukaye lulembedwe zyina lya Belisazara

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Cifwoto cakafwotolwa kwiinda mukuzumizyigwa aba British Museum

[Picture Credit Lines on page 10]

Aakalembedwe makani abwaanda ku Egepita alimwi acifwanikiso ca Nero: Zyakazumizyigwa aba British Museum; Aakalembedwe makani abwaanda ku Persia: cakazumizyigwa aba Musée du Louvre, ku Paris