KUBANTU abaningi, ukudla kuyajabulisa. Kodwa abanye bayaphoqeleka ukuba okunye ukudla bakubheke “njengesitha.” Njengo-Emily, oke wacashunwa, baguliswa izinhlobo ezithile zokudla. Ukugula kuka-Emily kubizwa ngokuthi i-anaphylaxis, okuwukugula okuyingozi kakhulu. Ngokujabulisayo, akukhona konke ukuguliswa ukudla okufika kuleli zinga.

Kule minyaka edlule, iye yanyuka imibiko yokuguliswa ukudla nokungezwani nokudla okuthile. Nokho, olunye ucwaningo lwaveza ukuthi bambalwa kakhulu kulabo abacabanga ukuthi baguliswa ukudla abake bahlolwa ngempela.

Embikweni weqembu lososayensi eliholwa uDkt. Jennifer J. Schneider Chafen, okuyi-Journal of the American Medical Association, kwathiwa: “Ukuguliswa ukudla akunayo incazelo eyamukelwa emhlabeni wonke.” Nokho, izazi eziningi zikholelwa ukuthi ukuguliswa ukudla ngokuyinhloko kudalwa isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela.

Ukuguliswa uhlobo oluthile lokudla kudalwa isakhi somzimba okuthiwa iphrotheni esitholakala kulokho kudla. Ngephutha, isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela sivele sibone sengathi lelo phrotheni liyingozi. Lapho iphrotheni elithile lingena emzimbeni, isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela sikhipha amasosha abizwa ngokuthi i-IgE ukuze silwe nalokho okubonakala sengathi kuyahlasela. Lapho umuntu ephinda edla lokho kudla amasosha abedalekile akhipha amakhemikhali, kuhlanganise ne-histamine.

Ezimweni ezijwayelekile, i-histamine inendima ebalulekile esimisweni somzimba sokuzivikela. Kodwa ngenxa yezizathu ezingaziwa kahle, ukuba khona kwamasosha abizwa ngokuthi i-IgE nokudaleka kwe-histamine emzimbeni kuyabagulisa abantu abazwela kakhulu uma bedle ukudla okunephrotheni elithile.

Yingakho ungase udle ukudla oqalayo ukukudla kungakugulisi kodwa uma usuphinda ukudla kukugulise.

Njengokuguliswa ukudla, ukungezwani nokudla okuthile kungase kube ukuphathwa kabi ukudla okuthile. Kodwa ngokungefani nokuguliswa ukudla (okudalwa ngokuqondile isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela), ukungezwani nokudla okuthile kudalwa isimiso somzimba sokugaya ukudla, okusho ukuthi amasosha omzimba awahilelekile. Ngokuyisisekelo, umuntu kungenzeka  abe nenkinga yokugaya ukudla okuthile mhlawumbe ngenxa yokuntula ama-enzyme athile noma ngenxa yamakhemikhali asekudleni okunzima ukuwagaya. Ngokwesibonelo, ukungezwani nobisi kwenzeka lapho amathumbu engawakhiphi ama-enzyme agaya uhlobo lukashukela olutholakala ezintweni ezinobisi.

Njengoba ukungezwani nokudla okuthile kungahileli amasosha omzimba, kungabonakala ngisho nalapho umuntu eqala ukukudla. Ubungako bokudla bubalulekile—okuncane kungase kungazweli kangako, kodwa lapho sekukuningi kungadala inkinga. Lokhu kuhlukile kunokuguliswa ukudla lapho ngisho nokuncane nje kungase kuholele ngisho nasekufeni.

Uma uguliswa ukudla ungabonakala ngokulunywa esikhunjeni; umqubuko onzima; ukuvuvukala komphimbo, amehlo noma ulimi; ukucanuzelelwa, ukubuyisa noma ukukhishwa isisu. Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, kungehla ngisho umfutho wegazi, ube nesiyezi, uquleke uze umelwe ngisho nayinhliziyo. Lokhu kungenzeka ngokushesha futhi kungakubulala.

Noma yikuphi ukudla kungagulisa. Nokho, kumbalwa ukudla okujwayele ukugulisa kakhulu: ubisi, amaqanda, inhlanzi, izilwane ezithile ezidliwayo zasolwandle, amakinati, ubhontshisi wesoya nokolweni. Umuntu angaqala ukuguliswa ukudla okuthile noma ngabe ungakanani ubudala. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ufuzo lubalulekile futhi ingane inamathuba engeziwe okuguliswa ukudla uma oyedwa noma bobabili abazali beguliswa ukudla. Kujwayelekile ukuba izingane ziyeke ukuguliswa ukudla njengoba zikhula.

Izimpawu zokungezwani nokudla okuthile zivame ukungabi bucayi njengezokuguliswa kakhulu ukudla. Ukungezwani nokudla okuthile kungenza isisu sibe buhlungu, uqunjelwe, usuze, ube namajaqamba, uphathwe yikhanda, uqubuke, ukhathale noma ungazizwa nje kahle. Kungase kuhlobane nezinhlobo zokudla ezihlukahlukene—ezivame kakhulu ezinobisi, ukolweni, i-gluten, utshwala nezinembiliso.

Uma ucabanga ukuthi uguliswa ukudla okuthile noma awuzwani nokudla okuthile, ungase unqume ukuyohlolwa odokotela. Ukuzitholela wena ukuthi uphethwe yini noma ukuvele unqume ukungakudli ukudla okuthile kungaba yingozi, njengoba kungase kukuncishe izakhamzimba ezibalulekile.

Ayikho indlela evamile yokwelapha ukuguliswa ukudla kunokukuyeka nje ngokuphelele ukudla okukubangela ukugula. * Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma ukuguliswa ukudla noma ukungezwani nokudla okuthile kungakuphathi kabi kangako, kungakusiza ukumane unciphise izikhathi okudla ngazo lokho kudla noma isilinganiso sako. Nokho, abanye bayaphoqeleka ukukuyeka ngokuphelele ukudla okuthile noma ukukuyeka okwesikhathi esithile, kuye ngokuthi kubaphatha kabi kangakanani.

Ngakho uma uguliswa ukudla noma ungezwani nokudla okuthile, kuzokujabulisa ukwazi ukuthi abaningi abanjengawe sebefunde ukuphila naso lesi simo futhi basadla izinhlobonhlobo zokudla okumnandi nokunomsoco.